History 206 - Unit 7 Terms part 1

Wife of FDR; political activist, advisor, influenced society and politics

Developed atomic weapons; produced 3 during World War II (Trinity test, Fat Man and Little Boy)

American entertainer; convinced some of an alien invasion with “War of the Worlds” in 1938

US bomber (B-29) that dropped the first ever atomic bomb on people (Hiroshima, Japan)

Man & natural disaster caused by bad farming methods & a decade of drought; mountains of dust

FDR closed all banks in the US for a week to stop bank runs and bank failures

Beginning of Operation Overlord; invasion of western Europe by allies involving 3 mill soldiers

Temporary workers; the US imported Mexican workers to help with labor shortages during WWII

Hawley-Smoot Tariff; tariffs to protect American industries; actually shut down global trade

Set up the goals of the allied powers during World War II; drafted by Churchill & Roosevelt

French allies of the Nazis; in charge of an unoccupied free zone in southern France

Leader of Nazi Germany; awful human; lame mustache

Popular radio shows, eventually became a staple of TV, popular with women who were in the home

Regulated the stock market and banking; was designed to prevent catastrophic economic collapses

A British-designed (very early) computer that was used to break codes of the Axis powers

Major battle between US and Japan; US fleet became the most powerful navy in the Pacific

A German zeppelin that caught fire and killed 35 people while it was landing in New Jersey

Italian fascist and leader of Italy during World War II

POTUS after FDR died in early 1945; made the decision to use atomic weapons on Japan

Author of the "Grapes of Wrath"

Last major battle of the western front in Europe; desperate attack by the Germans

Popular magazine started in 1936; focused mainly on stunning photographs of sports and nature

Prime Minster of Japan during World War II

African American writer; wrote about the plight of people living in a ghetto; wrote Native Son

Law to help farmers; federal government would buy surplus crops in order to keep prices higher

Euphemism for internment/concentration camps; Japanese were forced to stay in these during WWII

A federal agency; provided loans to struggling banks, railroads and other businesses

What was Korematsu vs. US?

Invention that sends sound pulses to determine location of objects

New Deal program that hired unemployed writers to get them back to work

Ad hoc shantytowns that typically sprang up outside of major cities; named after the POTUS

Catholic priest who pushed for reform of banking and currency systems

Collection of labor Unions in the US and Canada; supported New Deal; allowed minorities & women

Bill that regulated the stock market; made investment banks different from regular banks

Policy used against Hitler; give in to avoid war; didn’t work, Germany became more aggressive

Coalition of leftist groups, including the Communist Party

Battle in the Pacific near New Guinea; big victory for the US; heavy losses on both sides

Propaganda campaign used to get more women into the workforce during World War II

Energy from split atom is released to devastating effects; 2 used against Japan killed ~225,000

US Naval base, Hawaii; (surprise) attacked on December 7th, 1941 by Japan; got the US into WWII

Supreme Allied Commander of Allied Forces in western Europe; future POTUS

Laws passed to keep the US out of the Second World War; didn’t start yet, looked certain though

FDR idea that involved proposing an Amendment to enlarge the SCOTUS from 9 to 15; FDR appoints

Major Battle in the Pacific Theater; fierce fighting and mass suicides by Japanese civilians

Sociologist; leader of the Department of Indian Affairs; fought to improve the lives of Natives

Secretary of War under FDR (position renamed to Secretary of Defense later)

October 29th, 1929; the big plunge for the stock market crash

Treaty signed by many; stated that it was wrong for war to be used as a way to resolve conflict

Economic policy geared toward Latin America; US used economic power as leverage

Corporation owned by the gov't; built dams to control flooding and provide power

Organization founded in 1942 that resisted discrimination to much success

Pay into the system while one is working then get money from the government when they retire

Plan that attempted to solve issues caused by German war reparation payments (like inflation)

The German Air Force

Program by FDR that allowed the US to ship weapons & give loans to Great Britain during the war

Gov't doesn't take sides in disputes between groups but helps them come to an fair conclusion

Style of baggy suits that were popular beginning in the 1920s

Families that left their homes during the Dust Bowl; left Oklahoma & traveled to California

Mass extermination of Jews, handicapped people, communists & other “undesirables” by the Nazis

Veterans of WWI marched on DC during the Great Depression to collect their bonuses early

Court case, 9 black teens were found guilty of rape on no evidence; 8 of 9 boys were executed

First city to be bombed using an atomic weapon; industrial center; roughly 140,000 deaths

Leader of the Soviet Union during World War II

Offered subsidies to farmers to not grow crops; increase crop prices by reducing the supply