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ES105 HCC Final Review
ES105 HCC Final Review
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ES 105 Spring 2019 Review
Flashcards
100 cards
F
Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
100
Answers
1
An island arch forms above a subduction boundary
true
false
2
On a rocky coastline a wave-cut cliff refers to
erosion through a headland
when waves erode headlands into a steep profile
when waves erode headlands into a flat surface
when the sea floods a steep-sided coastal valley
3
One theory on how lighting forms states that
negative charges occur at the top of all clouds
discharges occur only between clouds
friction occurs between the land surface and the cloud
cosmic rays hit the tops of clouds
4
A tree-shaped drainage pattern is known as
dendritic
trellis
rectangular
deranged
5
The largest source of air pollution is
solid waste disposal
wastewater treatment plants (Have you smelled them?)
transportation
fuel burned in factories and power plants
6
The number one greenhouse gas is
Ozone
Methane
Water Vapor
Carbon Dioxide
7
The main agent of weathering is
air
water
wind
fire
8
A desert is defined as having less than ___________ inches of precipitation per year.
10
24
18
8
9
A submarine mountain that rises 1 km above the sea floor is a(n)
atoll
seamount
oceanic island
guyot
10
In a stream channel, the fastest flowing water is
On the surface of the water
On the inside of a curve
On the outside of a curve
At the bottom of the stream channel
11
A major transporter of heat energy on and in the Earth
radiation
convection
conduction
12
Desert varnish is
clays and iron oxides
none of the above
from the frequent fires
soil that has settled on the rock surface
13
Stalagmites form on
the wall of a cave
the ceiling of a cave
the floor of a cave
14
Storms across the United state move
move north to south driven by Coriolis effect
east to west driven by the trade winds
west to east blown by the westerlies
move in random patterns depending on the season
15
There is little fluctuation of temperatures at the Equator
true
false
16
The explosion of water from a geyser is caused by
the build-up of steam
the build-up of water
temperature differences inside and outside the geyser
17
Since 1950 the per person use of water has continued to increase.
false
true
18
Baltimore has a _______ collection system
separate
combined
19
Why does the moon experience wild temperature differences from the dark to light side?
The rotation of the moon
The lack of water
The lack of an atmosphere
All of the above
20
Tides are linked to
the gravity of the sun and the moon
the magnetic field of the Earth
fluctuations in wind
tectonic activity
21
Rocks polished and shaped by wind -blown sand
Polished rocks
Faceted
Hoodoos
Venifacts
22
There are five separate oceans on the Earth
false
true
23
Fast-spreading ridges lead to
confused fish
lower sea level
higher sea level
24
Over the southeastern United States (Florida), the air mass that forms is
mT
cT
mP
cP
25
The part of the aquifer below the water table
the perched zone
the permeable zone
the zone of aeration
the zone of saturation
26
The hole in the ozone layer is increasing rapidly in size.
true
false
27
Development along the coastline has led to
global warming
the destruction of coastal currents
more extensive damage during storm events
coastal subsidence
28
A mix of fine clays and biogenic debris
Pelagic sediments
Terrigenous sediment
29
Warming temperatures can cause sea-level to rise by
b. release of glacial water
d. a & b only
c. rising base of the sea floor
a. thermal expansion
30
Sulfur and Nitrous oxides react to form
Nitrogen sulfide
Smog
all of the above
acid rain
31
The layer of the seafloor below the sediments
basalt dikes
peridotite
pillow basalt
gabbro
32
Wind speeds in tornados are
less than hurricanes
greater than hurricanes
33
When air is pushed over a mountain
it gets very hot
a rain shadow desert forms on the leeward side
a rain shadow desert forms on the windward side
nothing, what is supposed to happen?
34
A stream that carries more sediment than it can hold is called
meandering
young
incised
braided
35
If there were no oceans basins the water would be about _____ deep everywhere.
3 km
2 km
4 km
1 km
36
Deep ocean currents can take between _________ years to make a vertical loop
100-1000
300-5000
200-3000
500-2000
37
All locations on the Earth get the same number of hours of light and dark
false
true
38
In a wave, what is the trough?
the lowest part of the wave
the highest part of the wave
the distance between crests
the rate at which it moves
39
The Earth is warmer today than it has ever been
false
true
40
Form at subduction zones
active continental margins
Passive continental margins
41
When a stream channel empties into a slow- moving body of water a ______ forms
meander
delta
levee
alluvial fan
42
What is the lowest level of the atmosphere?
mesosphere
stratosphere
exosphere
troposphere
43
Define water table
sea level
the average height of a lake
bottom of the ocean floor
the top surface of the saturated zone
44
The great lakes are
filling in with sediment
getting shallower
getting deeper
evaporating
45
The crystal structure of ice causes it to be __________ dense than water
more
less
46
The debris line shown in the glacier
striations
till
medial moraine
crevasses
47
Major climate zones are classified using the
Hutton climate zones
Ecological climate classes
Hadley climate circles
Koppen climate classification
48
The feature at the outside of a curve on a stream bank is a
filter bank
thawing
cut bank
point bar
49
To keep your septic working properly you should
flush anything, septics are awesome
flush Rid-X once a month
use your neighbor’s toilet
pump it out regularly
50
When a stream overtops its banks, the first particles to be deposited are
silt
sand
clay
51
Major cities cause a phenomenon know as
Urban heat island
Urban cool zones
Temperature inversions
Global temperature anomalies
52
A bedrock outcrop which has a sandblasted shape is called a
Hoodoo
Yarding
Inselberg
Venifact
53
An air mass forms when the air
acquires the characteristics of the land it is over
what is an air mass?
when it sits in the same location for a period of months
is cold and dry
54
The largest desert on Earth is
the Outback
the Gobi
the Sahara
the Antarctica
55
Faster the movement of tectonic plates at the mid-ocean ridge lowers the sea-level
true
false
56
The majority of Earth’s fresh water is located
in rivers
in ground water
in glaciers
The majority of Earth’s fresh water is located
57
Limited sand and constant wind form ________dunes.
barchan
star
parabolic
longitudinal
58
movement at the rift valley results in
normal faults
reverse faults
deep focus earthquakes
59
The 100th Meridian is
the point where the drainage patterns change
the boundary between granite and limestone bedrock
the boundary between humid and arid parts of the country
the continental divide
60
Snow that last form one season to the next becomes
firn
ice
recrystallized
tarn
61
When too much water is pumped from an aquifer
it can be filled with pollutants
it can collapse and subside
it can become recharged
it can become depressed
62
Windblown silt that covers much of the Midwest is called
sediment
dirt
sand
loess
63
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are
the main cause of greenhouse gases
basically the same process
needed for plant life
basically opposite processes
64
Most deserts lie with ________ degrees north and south latitude.
30
10
40
50
65
Island arcs form above a
subduction zone
seduction zone
rift valley
transform fault
66
Climate is defined as
the day to day weather patterns
the rotational effect on weather systems
the component of the biosphere that occupies an area
the thirty-year average of weather data
67
The ozone layer is found in the
tropopause
stratosphere
menopause
exosphere
68
Surf occurs when
earthquakes set off a movement in the bottom of the ocean
hurricanes or tornadoes rapidly move the water
chaotic, turbulent waves breaking along shore
wave depth touches bottom oversteepens and falls
69
Seasons are caused by the
Milinkovic cycles
the wobble of the poles
rotation of the Earth
the angle of the axis
70
How thick is the ocean crust?
20 to 40 km
4 to 7 km
10 to 14 km
30 to 53 km
71
Glaciers move by
all of the others
meltwater
basal slip
pressure melting
72
The place where two or more air masses meet
Independent Brew Pub
Front
Boundary
Weather system
73
Albedo is
the reflectivity of a surface
the ratio of aerosols to nitrogen in the atmosphere
the amount of sex drive a person has
the change in temperature as you move up in the atmosphere
74
The man who discovered the convection cells in the atmosphere is
Hutton
Compton
Hadley
Lyell
75
When a stream bed overflows, the sediment deposited closest to the river is
silt
gravel
sand
clay
76
The major component of the atmosphere is
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
water vapor
oxygen
77
Atmospheric pressure is measured with a
altimeter
hygrometer
barometer
thermometer
78
Define the Coriolis Effect
a shifting motion of tectonic plates
a force perpendicular to rotation and direction of motion
the black smokers spewing of chemicals vents
the point of no return
79
Sinkholes are most likely to form in
sandstone
basalt
limestone
granite
80
Surface winds blow from low pressure toward high pressure areas
false
true
81
Wastewater treatment plant processes clean water to
drinking quality
cleaner than the water it is being released into
they screen out the solids
100% pure
82
Faster streams can carry larger particles as
dissolved load
bedload
suspended load
83
Groins are
really? This is an Earth Science class
stone barriers built to stop the flow of sand along shore
wooden pilings to prevent boat landings in sensitive areas
stone barriers to protect a bay mouth
84
A stream channel with more sediment than it can hold Is called
braided
meandering
straight
entrenched
85
The last Banded Iron Formation formed about
1.9 billion years ago
They are still forming
1 million years ago
600 million years ago
86
A rapid and extensive submarine landslide
submarine landslide
turbidity current
submarine canyon
abyssal current
87
The first flush refers to
the first water swept out into the bay from the storm drains
the industrial waste generated at a new plant
the first time you use a new toilet
88
Carbon Dioxide levels in the Earth’s atmosphere are around
4%
.06%
.04%
2%
89
An artesian well forms when
the water table intersects a river
the water table is perched
the well is overpumped
the aquifer is under pressure
90
The cutoff portion of a river forms
a spring
a swamp
an arete
an oxbow lake
91
The flags on the map showing the movement of a front
point away from the direction of movement
point toward the direction of movement
alternate symbols for a rising front
are rounded for a cold front
92
The largest solar energy collector
was built by Google
is the ocean
is over by Susquehanna building
is the continents
93
The continental divide is the
The point from which all water flows North or South
The point from which all water flows East or West
The division of political opinions
Geological middle of the continent
94
The photo shows
karst formations
wave cut cliffs
wave cut platform
sea stacks
95
The effect of waves on a shoreline over time is
to straighten the coast
to move sediment on shore
to move sediment offshore
to create bays and headlands
96
Portion of the Earths water contained in the oceans
47%
38%
97%
70%
97
The top forty feet of a glacier contains
flowing ice
brittle ice
snow
boulders
98
Ancient Romans
collected urine to whiten their tunics
had communal toilets
all of the above
used a sponge and a stick for toilet paper
99
deposits on the outside of a glacier
medial morrains
lateral moraines
terminal moraines
recessional moraines
100
Two types of glaciers are alpine and
firn
valley
till
continental