Which statement about the development of these species is best supported by this phylogenetic tree?

Species 1 and 2 have more similar DNA homologies to each other than 3 and 6

What is a phylogenetic tree?

Something that shows the evolutionary paths.

Which correctly distinguishes between how a pine tree and an apple tree reproduce?

The pine tree has unprotected seeds; the apple tree has seeds in the fruit.

Within Kingdom Plantae, the 4 phyla are distinguished by:

Seed/seedless and vascular/non-vascular

millions of fossils that scientist have collected

How are sediments a part of the fossil fuel formation?

they are deposited on them, burying them & creating pressure

What does a phylogenetic tree show us?

How closely related species are based on DNA evidence.

The scientific study of how living things are classified

they live almost everywhere and are the oldest unit of life

What is one disadvantage of using DNA to build phylogenetic trees?

It is usually not always possible to get DNA from fossils.

The principle of maximum parsimony states that

the simplest explanation is the most likely answer

What are the three main types of evolution?

Divergent, Convergent, and Parallel evolution

Which can be concluded from a comparison of the two phylogenetic trees?

Classification can change with new discoveries and evidence.

What is Parallel Evolution?

Where two species in the same area develop similar traits.

Contrast Plantae and Fungi

plants are autotrophs and fungi are heterotrophs

what is radioactive dating?

technique used to date materials like rocks or carbon

What is the difference between Convergent and Divergent evolution?

Convergent is unrelated species and Divergent is related species

How are the Archaebacteria and Eubacteria different?

Archaebacteria live in extreme environments that Eubacteria cannot survive.

In the fossil record, the oldest fossils

Can be found the furthest away from the surface

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Answers

1
Which statement about the development of these species is best supported by this phylogenetic tree?
Species 1 and 2 have similar growth rates to 4 and 5
Species 1 and 2 have more similar DNA homologies to each other than 3 and 6
Species 2 and 3 have the same nutritional requirements as 1 and 5
Species 2 and 3 have the same number of chromosomes as 5 and 6
2
Which plant phyla is composed of flowering plants?
Coniferophyta
Anthophyta
Bryophyta
Ginkophyta
3
Phylum is the _______ level of classification
first
fourth
second
third
4
the half of the rate of the radioactive elements to decay
key bed
period
half-life
atomic number
5
Invertebrate chordates are so named because they have
a notochord and a backbone.
no notochord but do have a backbone.
a notochord but no backbone.
no notochord and no backbone.
6
What is the first step of fossil formation?
sedimentary rocks
buried by sediments
organism dies
pressure turns the fossil into rock
7
Using this phylogenetic tree, which organisms are most closely related to dinosaurs and birds?
crocodiles
sharks
primates
amphibeans
8
All chordates have a(an)
rocks
exoskeleton.
nerve cord in their back.
invertebrate.
9
What is a plant in the Kingdom Plantae?
Multicellular prokaryotes
Singlecellular prokaryotes
Singlecellular eukaryotes
Multicellular eukaryotes
10
TRUE OR FALSE: Eubacteria is only unicellular
False
True
11
All insects belong to the Animal kingdom and are?
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
12
Chordates with backbones are called:
Communists
Ampiambians
Mammals
Vertebrates
13
What is a phylogenetic tree?
Something that shows the evolutionary paths.
A regular tree...
Something that shows fossils
Shows the reproduction of animals
14
Which correctly distinguishes between how a pine tree and an apple tree reproduce?
The pine tree bears flowers; the apple tree does not have any flowers.
The pine tree is nonvascular; the apple tree is vascular.
The pine tree has unprotected seeds; the apple tree has seeds in the fruit.
The pine tree is vascular; the apple tree is a seedless, nonvascular plant.
15
Order is the _______ level of classification
eighth
fifth
sixth
seventh
16
Which is NOT a DOMAIN of life?
Archea
Bacteria
Animalia
Eukarya
17
Within Kingdom Plantae, the 4 phyla are distinguished by:
Seed pods with thick skins
Cell walls, eukaryotic
Colour, Size and Shape
Seed/seedless and vascular/non-vascular
18
Which type of rocks are MOST likely to contain a fossil?
Metamorphic
Felsic
Sedimentary
Igneous
19
All Chordates possess this type of symmetry
What is a Chordate?
Radial Symmetry
Bilateral Symmetry
Asymmetry
20
To what biological classification do sharks, rays and skates belong?
Osteichthyes
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Annelid
21
Family is the _______ level of classification
seventh
eighth
sixth
fifth
22
fossil record
i like ribs
millions of fossils that scientist have collected
a element that decays
fossils remains
23
How are sediments a part of the fossil fuel formation?
They create heat.
they are deposited on them, burying them & creating pressure
Decreases temperature
they change the organic matter
24
What does a phylogenetic tree show us?
How closely related species are based on body type.
How closely related species are based on fossil evidence.
How closely related species are based on ecological niches.
How closely related species are based on DNA evidence.
25
The first chordates to develop jaws were the...
hagfish
sharks
ray-finned fish
lampreys
26
Taxonomy
The maintenance of stable internal condition
The scientific study of how living things are classified
An action or change in behavior
A cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food
27
Class is the _______ level of classification
first
second
thrid
fourth
28
Eubacteria
they live almost everywhere and are the oldest unit of life
:science stuff:
oldest living cell
clock in Mrs. Winchesters classroom
29
Phylogenetic Trees Document and Diagram Evolutionary Relationships
True
False
30
Which animal phyla does this belong to?
Mammal
Mollusca
Arthropod
Dinosaur
31
What is one disadvantage of using DNA to build phylogenetic trees?
Not answer
It is less accurate than comparing protein sequences.
It is less accurate than physical comparisons.
It is usually not always possible to get DNA from fossils.
32
The principle of maximum parsimony states that
the simplest explanation is the most likely answer
new evidence can be ignored if it makes an explanation complex
All of these are examples of maximum parsimony
your first answer must always be correct
33
What is the largest phylum in the animal kingdom?
Nematoda
Acanthocephala
Arthropoda
Annelida
34
The order of rock ________ help paleontologists tell how old a fossil is relative to another.
molds
types
casts
strata
35
fungi are
heterotrophic
autotrophic
pseudopodia
flagella
36
Organisms on the same _______ represent their most recent common ancestor on a phylogenetic tree.
Taxa
Clade
Node
Stem
37
This sample is which type of fossil?
amber
petriifed
mold and cast
original material
38
kingdom Plantae is
autotrophic
insect
heterotrophic
roots
39
Which of the following evolutionary tree best illustrates the phylogenetic relationship?
B
C
D
A
40
What are the three main types of evolution?
Divergent, Alleigent, and Insurgent evolution
evo, lu, and tion
Divergent, Convergent, and Parallel evolution
Divergent, Cosergent, and Verticle evolution
41
Which can be concluded from a comparison of the two phylogenetic trees?
The classification does not change with more evidence.
Phylogenetic trees are inaccurate.
Classification can change with new discoveries and evidence.
Phylogenetic trees are not subject to change.
42
What is Parallel Evolution?
Where two species in the same area develop similar traits.
The process of elimination based on survival of the fittest
A permanent change of the genome of an organism.
43
Contrast Plantae and Fungi
plants are multicellular and fungi are unicellular
plants have cell walls and fungi do not
plants have a nucleus and fungi do not
plants are autotrophs and fungi are heterotrophs
44
what is radioactive dating?
an electron breaking apart from a neutron
process where unstable nuclei change and release energy
technique used to date materials like rocks or carbon
when atoms lose alpha particles
45
What is the difference between Convergent and Divergent evolution?
They are both unrelated species
They are both related species
Divergent is unrelated species and Convergent is related species.
Convergent is unrelated species and Divergent is related species
46
How are the Archaebacteria and Eubacteria different?
Eubacteria are bad and Archaebacteria are good.
Archaebacteria are prokaryotes and Eubacteria are eukaryotes.
Eubacteria have a nucleus and archaebacteria do not.
Archaebacteria live in extreme environments that Eubacteria cannot survive.
47
In the fossil record, the oldest fossils
Can be found the furthest away from the surface
Can be found above other fossils but below some
Are the biggest
Can be found closest to the surface
48
Which fossil is the youngest?
Dinosaurs
Trilobites
Fishes
Mammals
49
Which statement is correct about Bionomial nomenclature?
All of the above.
The genus always begins with a capital letter.
The species always begins with a lower case letter.
It is written in italics or is underlined.
50
The six Kingdoms are Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
False
True
51
Amoeba belongs to ......... kingdom.
the protista
the fungi
the plant
the monera
52
Chordates have a post-anal tail
False
True
53
Which of these 4 plant phyla has no leaves, roots or stems?
Coniferophyta
Bryophyta
Angiospermophyta
Filicinophyta
54
What class of chordates?
Amphibians
Birds
Reptiles
Mammals
55
Which phyla of the kingdom Plantae was vascular tissue introduced?
Ferns
Gymnosperms
Bryophytes
Angiosperms
56
What is a synapomorphy?
A trait that develops separately in two unrelated species
A trait only displayed in a sister group
A trait that was not passed onto descendents
A trait from a common ancestor conserved in descendants
57
In radioactive dating, what is the first thing scientist determine?
the amount of radioactive element in the rock
the time the radioactive element started decaying
the weight of the object
the volume of the object
58
Which fossil is the oldest?
Mammals
Fishes
Dinosaurs
Trilobites
59
According to the phylogenetic tree studied in this unit, humans are most distantly related to..
Yeast
Horse
Tuna
Monkey
60
What do echinoderms and chordates share several features with?
Human Embryos
Hemichordates
Acorn Worms
Sea squirts
61
radioactive dating
estimated guessss
way to determine actual age of fossil
62
What is the most complex sub-phylum of chordates?
Vertebrata
Urochordata
Pikaiidae
Cephalochordata
63
What is NOT a form of biological classification
methods of reproduction
eye colour
molecular sequences
physical features
64
What pattern of evolution is pictured?
adaptive radiation
divergent evolution
coevolution evolution
convergent evolution
65
Genus is the _______ level of classification
eighth
fifth
seventh
sixth
66
Does a phylogenetic tree imply that some organisms are more "advanced" than others?
No
Yes
67
Which is the most specific taxon in biological classification?
species
genus
order
family
68
What is the classification of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics?
Biology
Taxonomy
Chemistry
Physics
69
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
Multicellular
Protist
Prokaryotic
Prokaryotic
70
Species is the _______ level of classification
eighth
seventh
fifth
sixth
71
True or False: Do scientist have complete fossil record?
False
True
72
This wood is which type of fossil?
petrified
mold
amber
trace fossil
73
What are the steps to the phylogenetic tree?
Kingdom, Domain, Class, Phylum, Order, Family, Genus Species
Domain, Kingdom, Class, Phylum, Order, Genus, Family Species
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species
Kingdom, Phylum, Domain, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species
74
What does this animal belong to?
Worms
Molluscs
Arthopods
75
Adam is studying the phylogenetic tree for big cats. He made several statements about the tree. Which is not true?
Leopard is more closely related to snow leopard than clouded leopard.
Leopard is more closely related to the tiger than to the clouded leopard.
Leopard is more closely related to the jaguar than to the snow leopard.
The leopard is more closely related to the tiger than to the snow leopard.
76
Plantae
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
77
The 'best' phylogenetic tree is the least parsimonious one.
False
True
78
What is a synapomorphy?
a shared derived character
An ancestral character
a reversed derived character
a unique derived character
79
On this phylogenetic tree, the whale is most closely related to the
hippo
camel
pig
deer
80
Which of the following can be compared to study the phylogenetic relationship between two fish
Internal body structure; living habitats and behaviours
Amino acid sequences; living habitats and behaviours
Amino acid sequences; internal body structures
All three mentioned factors
81
What is convergent evolution ?
Look similar on the outside but different inside
Similar bones inside, but they do different jobs
2 different & unrelated species evolving similar body shapes & patterns
82
Which classification group contains ONLY prokaryotic organisms?
domains: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
kingdom: Plantae
kingdom: Fungi
kingdom: Protista
83
Darwin's theory of evolution suggests that . . .
extinct species are not related to living species
different species can interbreed
animals that look alike are the most closely related
species change over time
84
Convergent evolution
The process by which the same species evolves different traits
Evolution that happens rapidly
The process by which different species evolve similar traits
A process that a species actually changes back to its original form
85
Kingdom is the _______ level of classification
fourth
second
third
first
86
petrified fossil
hollow space
fossils that change to turn rock
minerals
87
This phylogenetic tree plots the biological relationships between distinct vertebrate groups. What are vertebrates?
Animals with scales and exoskeletons
Animals with backbones, spinal cords, and internal skeletons
Animals with similar traits and different behaviors
Animals that lack skin but have backbones
88
This ammonite is which type of fossil?
petrified
replacement
mold
original material
89
There are 2 kingdoms of bacteria. Eubacteria and ________________
Archaebacteria
Archaeologist Bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Bananabacteria
90
Relative dating is:
Using radioactive isotopes to determine the age of rocks
Identifying where magnetic elements have changed directions
Counting the rings in a tree stump
Looking at which layers are younger or older than known ones
91
What characteristics do chordates have?
Gill slits
All of the above
Notochord
Nerve chords
92
What is true about a phylogenetic tree?
links taxa to a common ancestor
everything is exact in description and representation
no chronological order, just linked
hypothesis to what is supported by evidence
93
What is a fossil?
organism or imprint that was buried and turned to stone
an imprint from an organism that has been preserved
all of the above
part of an organism that has been preserved
94
A fossil is ____________.
part of the fossil record
found in sedimentary rock
evidence of past life
all of the above
95
What is the difference between a cladogram and a phylogenetic tree?
Cladograms include the estimated time of divergence.
Cladograms must be vertical, phylogenetic trees can be both
Phylogenetic trees include the estimated time of divergence.
There is no difference.
96
What pattern of evolution is pictured?
convergent evolution
adaptive radiation
coevolution
divergent evolution
97
4 kingdoms are Eubacteria, Fungi, Plants and animals what are the other two
Eubacteria and animals
Bacteria and seaweed
Archaebacteria and plants
Archaebacteria and Protista
98
Domain is the _______ level of classification
fourth
first
second
third
99
What plant phyla (or division) are conifers?
Anthophyta
Bryophyta
Ginkophyta
Coniferophyta
100
The structure made of cartilage that runs between a chordates's digestive tube and its nerve cord is called ___
the coccyx
the pharyngeal slits
the notochord
the post-anal tail

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