What role did Adam Smith believe the government should fulfill in society?

maintain public works, limited role in the economy, should defend citizens from injustice and invasion

How were Henry VIII's motives different from other protestant reformers?

He split from the Catholic Church because it didn't let him get a divorce.

How did Mary Wollstonecraft use the Enlightenment ideal of reason to advocate rights for women?

all humans are born with reason so women deserve the same rights as men

How did Enlightenment thinkers use the ideas of the Scientific Revolution?

to use reason to find the natural law that ruled human behavior, questioned the ideas of ancient authorities and the Church

Machiavelli argued in "The Prince"

It is better for a ruler to be feared than loved., That rulers should have absolute power

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Enlightenment Review + Age of Exploration & Absolutism Review + Religions, Renaissance, & Refor

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Questions 92

Answers

1
the belief in one God, rather than many
reincarnation
monotheism
theocracy
polytheism
2
the concept that the state should not impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone
rationalism
laissez-faire
scientific method
federal system
3
a wealthy sponsor of art
justification
patron
Lutheranism
humanism
4
the state of being saved (going to Heaven) through faith alone or through faith and good works
Eightfold Path
justification
polytheism
salvation
5
the process of being deemed worthy of salvation by God
Presbyterian
justification
baptism
Lutheranism
6
What role did Adam Smith believe the government should fulfill in society?
strong regulations to ensure safety of products made by businesses
maintain public works
limited role in the economy
should defend citizens from injustice and invasion
7
How were Henry VIII's motives different from other protestant reformers?
He split from the Catholic Church because it didn't let him get a divorce.
He was able to change the Catholic Church without splitting off from it.
He split from the Catholic Church due to deep religious convictions.
He reached enlightenment before sharing his religious beliefs.
8
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on women's rights?
Locke
Wollstonecraft
Rousseau
Montesquieu
9
society governed by its general will & individuals abide by it since it is what is best for the whole community
rococo
social contract
rationalism
deism
10
a system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers
rationalism
Enlightened absolutism
laissez-faire
scientific method
11
a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money
inflation
going broke
deflation
economics
12
the language of everyday speech in a particular region
indulgence
patron
secular
vernacular
13
the rebirth of a soul in a new body
reincarnation
dharma
karma
Eightfold Path
14
a settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control
colony
conquistador
czar
Creole
15
the sum of a person's actions in life, viewed as deciding their fate in future existences
dharma
Eightfold Path
karma
reincarnation
16
form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote
democracy
feudalism
theocracy
republic
17
a release from all or part of punishment for sin that could be bought from the Catholic Church
patron
indulgence
secular
vernacular
18
a system of government in which religious leaders rule instituting religious laws as civil laws
justification
democracy
theocracy
patron
19
rights with which all humans are born, including the rights to life, liberty, and property
Natural rights
Divine Right of Kings
Puritans
Natural state
20
the belief that the kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God
Divine Right of Kings
Dictatorship
Natural rights
Democracy
21
This religion views Jesus as the Son of God and Messiah
Buddhism
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
22
this spread the new ideas of the Scientific Revolution quickly & easily
carrier pigeons
telephone
social media
printing press
23
person born on the Iberian Peninsula, often an official who lived in Latin America for political & economic gains
peninsulares
Puritans
conquistador
plantation
24
Which ancient cultures served as the inspiration during the Renaissance?
Ancient China
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Rome
Ancient Greece
25
Who is credited with using inductive reasoning to create the scientific method?
Aristotle
Francis Bacon
Rene Descartes
Archimedes
26
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on the idea that people give up some freedoms for the general will?
Wollstonecraft
Rousseau
Montesquieu
Locke
27
This religion views Jesus as a highly honored prophet
Buddhism
Islam
Christianity
Judaism
28
a leader in the Spanish conquest of the Americas
conquistador
peninsulares
Puritans
plantation
29
This Enlightenment thinker advocated for laissez-faire economic policies.
Voltaire
Diderot
Wollstonecraft
Adam Smith
30
English Protestants who felt that the Church of England needed reform & sought to simplify & regulate forms of worship
Natural rights
Purify
Divine Right of Kings
Puritans
31
Once people gave up their power to a ruler, the people lost the right to question the actions of the ruler
Hobbes
Locke
32
economic theory of the 17th century; the prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold & silver
Communism
Capitalism
Mercantilism
Merchant
33
Which of these was NOT a motive for European exploration and expansion?
spreading Christianity
adventure/fame
money
Civil War in England
34
the title used by Russian emperors
Creole
czar
colony
conquistador
35
religious doctrine developed by a formerly Catholic monk which stated that salvation could be achieved by faith alone
Presbyterian
Calvinism
Anabaptism
Lutheranism
36
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on religious tolerance?
Rousseau
Voltaire
Locke
Wollstonecraft
37
How did Mary Wollstonecraft use the Enlightenment ideal of reason to advocate rights for women?
women give birth to children and should be given more rights
all humans are born with reason so women deserve the same rights as men
women should have more rights than men
38
Founding Figure in Islam
Muhammad
Jesus
Siddhartha Gautama
Abraham
39
What was the significance of Gutenburg's printing press?
It led to the more rapid spread of ideas.
All of these
It allowed greater access to reading materials.
It led to increased literacy in Europe.
40
Founding Figure in Christianity
Siddhartha Gautama
Muhammad
Abraham
Jesus
41
How did Enlightenment thinkers use the ideas of the Scientific Revolution?
to create new mechanical inventions
to use reason to find the natural law that ruled human behavior
questioned the ideas of ancient authorities and the Church
42
Founding Figure in Judaism
Muhammad
Abraham
Jesus
Siddhartha Gautama
43
the belief that God has determined in advance who will and will not be saved
reincarnation
indulgences
predestination
Final Destination
44
the forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas
Mercantilism
Heretic
Middle Path
Middle Passage
45
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on separation of power and checks and balances?
Montesquieu
Locke
Wollstonecraft
Rousseau
46
Founding Figure in Buddhism
Abraham
Siddhartha Gautama
Jesus
Muhammad
47
18th century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
social contract
rationalism
deism
rococo
48
belief in or worship of more than one god
monotheism
justification
Eightfold Path
polytheism
49
What was the first book printed on Gutenburg's printing press?
The Bible
Our History Textbook
Dante's Divine Comedy
the 95 Theses
50
Machiavelli argued in "The Prince"
It is better for a ruler to be feared than loved.
That rulers should have absolute power
Rulers should respect the rights of citizens above all else.
It is better for a ruler to be loved than feared.
51
"the rule of the few"; a form of government in which a select group of people exercises control
patron
democracy
theocracy
oligarchy
52
an individual's duty fulfilled by observance of custom or law
Eightfold Path
reincarnation
karma
dharma
53
governed by the "rule of the many," or by the people
theocracy
demographic
democracy
republic
54
intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities including: art, philosophy, & history
speculation
secular
perspective
humanism
55
In the state of nature, life was poor, nasty, brutish, & short.
Locke
Hobbes
56
a political system in which a ruler holds total power
Mulattoes
Absolutism
Mestizos
Creole
57
John Calvin's most noted religious teaching
predestination
salvation through good works
All people were equal in the eyes of God
The Bible was the ultimate authority on Earth for Christians
58
a person of European descent born in Latin America and living there permanently
Absolutism
Creole
Mulattoes
Mestizos
59
Believed absolute monarchy was the best form of government
Locke
Hobbes
60
moral code of ethical conduct that play(s) a fundamental role in Judaism and Christianity
the 10 Commandments
Eightfold Path
salvation
Mandate of Heaven
61
Believed representative government was the best form of government.
Locke
Hobbes
62
a system of thought expounded by Rene Descartes based on belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge
rococo
deism
rationalism
social contract
63
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on natural rights?
Rousseau
Montesquieu
Locke
Wollstonecraft
64
foundation technology of the Scientific Revolution
telescope
telephone
microscope
microphone
65
doctrine that scientists should proceed from the particular to the general through observations & experiments
rationalism
scientific method
laissez-faire
inductive reasoning
66
People are born like "a blank slate"
Hobbes
Locke
67
a focus on worldly matters, instead of religious matters
perspective
humanism
secular
patron
68
a person of mixed African and European descent
Absolutism
Mulattoes
Creole
Mestizos
69
systematic procedure for collecting &analyzing evidence that was crucial to the evolution of science in the modern world
salons
rationalism
deism
scientific method
70
political/social order developed during the Middle Ages in which nobles offered protection & land in return for service
patron
feudalism
theocracy
democracy
71
Martin Luther's teachings included
predestination
The Bible was the ultimate authority on Earth for Christians
All people were equal in the eyes of God
salvation through faith alone
72
one who does not conform to established doctrine
Rebel
Heretic
Inflation
Indulgences
73
a fleet of warships
Armada
Absolutism
Creole
Arm & Hammer
74
elegant urban drawing rooms where, in the 18th century, people gathered to discuss the ideas of the philosophes
social contract
rationalism
deism
salons
75
How did Enlightenment ideas influence society and culture?
women argued for the same rights as men
growth of reading
new styles in art
return to traditional teachings
76
Who created the first encyclopedia?
Voltaire
Adam Smith
Diderot
Wollstonecraft
77
a small, fast, maneuverable ship that had a large cargo hold and usually three masts with lateen sails
Caramel
Carnival
Carne asada
Caravel
78
to declare invalid
annul
secular
patron
indulge
79
areas of ancient knowledge that helped spark the Scientific Revolution
hieroglyphics
works of Archimedes & Plato
Eastern medicine
Mathematics
80
a form of government in which power is shared between the national and state governments
federal system
philosopher
scientific method
rationalism
81
the claim by Chinese kings that they had direct authority from heaven to rule and keep order in the universe
the 10 Commandments
salvation
Eightfold Path
Mandate of Heaven
82
moral code of ethical conduct that play(s) a fundamental role in Buddhism
salvation
Eightfold Path
the 10 Commandments
Mandate of Heaven
83
What did Martin Luther criticize in his 95 Theses?
All of these
The Pope's power
The church's extreme wealth
The selling of indulgences
84
Scientific discoveries led Descartes to the belief that _____________ is the chief source of knowledge.
ancient authorities
reason
mathematics
Church teachings
85
a person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment; a scholar or a thinker
deism
rationalism
philosopher
scientific method
86
artistic techniques used to give the effect of three-dimensional depth to two-dimensional surfaces
speculation
perspective
secular
humanism
87
system of labor in which Spanish landowners had the right (from Queen Isabella) to use Native Americans as laborers
mita
encomienda
mulatto
peninsulares
88
a person of mixed European and Native American descent
Mulattoes
Creole
Absolutism
Mestizos
89
Which is NOT a technology allowed Europeans to expand their exploration of the seas?
caravel
astrolabe
magnetic compass
sonar
90
a large agricultural estate
plantation
Puritans
conquistador
peninsulares
91
This religion views Jesus as simply a Jewish man
Islam
Hinduism
Christianity
Judaism
92
the executive, legislative & judicial branches limit & control each other through a system of checks & balances
deism
rationalism
scientific method
Separation of powers

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