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Milestone Review- General
Milestone Review- General
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#biology #milestone
Flashcards
70 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
70
Answers
1
What is an organism that feeds only on plants called?
carnivore
detritivore
omnivore
herbivore
2
Which of the following contains a nucleus?
eukaryotes
bacteria
organelles
prokaryotes
3
The structure labeled I in the figure is a thin, flexible barrier around a cell. It is the
cell wall
cell membrane
cell envelope
cytoplasm
4
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
5
A species that evolved into several different species that fill different niches has undergone
coevolution
punctuated equilibrium
mass extinction
adaptive radiation
6
All of the members of a particular species that live in one area are called a(n)
biome
ecosystem
population
community
7
The main function of the cell wall is to
help the cell move
store DNA
support and protect the cell
direct the activities of the cell
8
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
9
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
ATP and oxygen
oxygen
oxygen and high-energy sugars
high-energy sugars
10
In humans, the femur, or thigh bone, is involved in walking. In whales the femur is a(n)
acquited trait
example of natural variation
example of a fossil
vestigial structure
11
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among/between organisms & their environment is
ecology
economy
recycling
modeling
12
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
chloroplast
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrion
ribosome
13
Who is the best Biology teacher of ALL time?
Doc
Doc
Doc
Doc
14
The algae at the beginning of the food chain in the picture are
decomposers
heterotrophs
producers
consumers
15
What is produced during transcription?
RNA molecules
proteins
DNA molecules
RNA polymerase
16
Green plants are
producers
consumers
omnivores
herbivores
17
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
glycolysis → Krebs cycle → electron transport
Krebs cycle → glycolysis → electron transport
glycolysis → fermentation → Krebs cycle
Krebs cycle → electron transport → glycolysis
18
Which of the following is an autotroph?
leopard
impala
mushroom
tree
19
When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is
natural selection
artificial variation
artificial selection
survival of the fittest
20
Which of the following is NOT an example of a heterotroph?
human
grass
mushroom
leopard
21
You won't find a cell wall in which of these kinds of organisms?
plants
animals
fungi
none of the above
22
For a cross between a homozygous tall (TT) plant and a heterozygous (Tt) plant, which is true?
All of the offspring will be short
About half of the offspring will be short
About half of the offspring will be tall
All of the offspring will be tall
23
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be
dominant
homozygous
hybrid
heterozygous
24
The part of an enzyme that fits a substrate is called a(n)
activation center
active site
module
tight junction
25
Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?
glycolysis
<p>photosynthesis</p>
Krebs cycle
electron transport
26
What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems?
carbohydrates
sunlight
water
carbon
27
DNA is copied during a process called
transformation
translation
replication
transcription
28
Energy is released from ATP when
ATP is exposed to sunlight
a phosphate group is removed
a phosphate group is added
adenine bonds to ribose
29
Which organelle breaks down food into particles the cell can use?
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
lysosome
endoplasmic reticulum
30
Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT
soil type
rainfall
plant life
temperature
31
Which of the following is released during cellular respiration?
air
oxygen
energy
glucose
32
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
transpiration
burning of fossil fuels
photosynthesis
decomposition of plants and animals
33
The finches that Darwin found on the Galapagos displayed different adaptations including
number of eggs in each bird's nest
length of the birds' necks
similarities of the birds' embryos
birds' different-shaped beaks
34
Prokaryotes lack
genetic material
a nucleus
cytoplasm
a cell membrane
35
Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
mitochondrion
vacuole
Golgi apparatus
ribosome
36
A pattern in which species have stable periods followed by brief rapid evolutionary change is
coevolution
punctuated equilibrium
adaptive radiation
convergent evolution
37
According to Darwin's theory, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have
the greatest amount of strength or speed
characteristics that plant and animal breeders value
characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse
variations best suited to the environment
38
Examples of fossils include preserved
body parts
all of the above
footprints
eggs
39
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web?
energy path
food pyramid
food chain
trophic level
40
An organism that cannot make its own food is called a(n)
heterotroph
autotroph
chemotroph
producer
41
The two main types of fermentation are called
<p>aerobic and anaerobic</p>
lactic acid and anaerobic
alcoholic and lactic acid
alcoholic and aerobic
42
If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
24
6
12
3
43
What proportion of all species that have ever lived has become extinct?
approximately one-half
less than 1 percent
more than 99 percent
100 percent
44
Which phrase best defines evolution by natural selection?
an adaptation of a species to its environment
a process of change in species over time
a sudden replacement of one population by another
changes in a species as it becomes more perfect
45
The second part of a scientific name is unique to each
species in its genus
genus in its family
order in its class
family in its order
46
According to Darwin, individuals who survive are best adapted. Their survival is due to the
choices made by plant and animal breeders
possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness
possession of adaptations developed through use
lack of competition within the species
47
Which shows the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from simple to most complex?
cell, tissue, organ system
tissue, organ, organ system
organ system, organ, tissue, cell
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
48
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
four genetically identical cells
two genetically identical cells
four genetically different cells
two genetically different cells
49
Which of the following was NOT characteristic of Earth before the oceans formed?
bombardment by comets and asteroids
an atmosphere of poisonous gases
volcanic activity
an atmosphere containing oxygen gas
50
A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in sunlight. The gas is probably
carbon dioxide
vaporized water
oxygen
ATP
51
What happens during the process of translation?
Messenger RNA is made from DNA
Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA
Copies of DNA molecules are made
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
52
A symbiosis in which both species benefit is
predation
mutualism
parasitism
commensalism
53
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
metaphase
interphase
anaphase
cytokinesis
54
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
GATCCA
AGCTTG
GAUCCA
TCGAAC
55
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
food molecules
ADP
carbon dioxide
water
56
Which of the following explains why bird wings and reptile forelegs are evidence of evolution?
Vestigial structures point to a common ancestor
Similar functions point to a common ancestor
Homologous structures indicate a common ancestor
Analogous structures indicate a common ancestor
57
A protein that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(n)
molecule
enzyme
lipid
element
58
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
lipids
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
proteins
59
Which cell structure contains the cell's genetic material and controls the cell's activities?
nucleus
cell envelope
organelle
cytoplasm
60
Which kingdom contains heterotrophs with cell walls of chitin?
Fungi
Animalia
Protista
Plantae
61
Which of the following is
NOT
a function of proteins?
control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes
build tissues such as bone and muscle
store and transmit heredity
help to fight disease
62
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
metaphase
prophase
anaphase
telophase
63
Which of the following is biochemical evidence for evolution?
Human hemoglobin is different than mouse hemoglobin
embryonic hemoglobin is different from adult hemoglobin
Human hemoglobin is more similar to chimps than mice
hemoglobin in humans can vary between different individuals
64
Gametes are produced by the process of
mitosis
meiosis
replication
crossing-over
65
All the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food
chain
network
web
interaction
66
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy → 6CO2 + 6H2O
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O → 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy → 6O2 + C6H12O6
67
Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
mitochondria and chloroplasts
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus and ribosomes
rough endoplasmic reticulum
68
Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
Species make up populations, which make up communities
Populations make up species, which make up communities
Communities make up species, which make up populations
Species make up communities, which make up populations
69
Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking down dead and decaying plants and animals are
omnivores
decomposers
autotrophs
producers
70
Which pair is correct?
M phase, cell growth
G2 phase, preparation for mitosis
S phase, cell division
G1 phase, DNA replication