Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?

They know a little about many subjects.

All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT

the whole process takes one day

What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?

They are all agents of socialization

What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?

The Americans With Disabilities Act

These were the first two political parties in the United States.

Federalists and Democratic Republicans

Interest groups and political parties differ in that

political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected

All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT

standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear

What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?

They have less trust in the governmnt

a privilege granted to US elected officials

What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?

the success of our democracy given how little we know

studbud

AP Government 1st Semester Exam Review

250 termsStudBud Administration27 plays

Review for exam 1, 2018-2019

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Questions 250

Answers

1
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
They more reliably vote for the party
they have a larger population
they have the most registered party members
they raise the most money for the party
2
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
3
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Democrat
Republican
4
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
disability
inaccessibility
accommodation
exclusion
5
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Craig v. Boren
Schaffley v. Hoke
Reed v. Reed
ERA v. Hunt
6
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
the Vice President
The cabinet
The Executive Offices
White House Staff
7
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
The Equal Rights Amendment
Tutle IX
Gay Rights
Fuel Independence
8
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
100%
the largest percentage of all candidates
50% +1
2/3 or 75%
9
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
Neither
Senate
Both
House
10
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Bureaucracy
The Executive
The Legislative
The Judicial
11
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
filing class action lawsuits
passing laws
iron triangles
rule-making
12
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They know a lot about a few subjects.
They have the most expansive powers.
They favor military solutions in most cases.
They know a little about many subjects.
13
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
Only 12 states hold them
the whole process takes one day
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
14
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Engel v. Vitale
Gitlow v. New York
Schenk v. the United States
15
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all interest groups
They are all agents of socialization
They are all potential groups
They are all informal
16
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Americans With Disabilities Act
17
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
native americans
migrant workers
immigrants
blacks
18
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
veto
declare war
appointments
tax
19
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
think they are in it
pay dues
attend meetings
20
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Democrats and Whigs
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Know Nothings and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
21
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a pen
a microphone
a shovel
a light saber
22
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
satellite tv
cable television
netflix
the internet
23
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
they disclose the names of contributors
They coordinate closely with candidates
they produce issue ads
They are for profit taxable organizations
24
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
Parties have legislative goals
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
political parties offer selective benefits
political parties are involved in electioneering
25
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
dual federalism
new federalism
cooperative federalism
fiscal federalism
26
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Miller v. California
Engel v. Vitale
Lemon v. Kutzman
Employment Division v. Smith
27
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
The chief Justice oversees the trial
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
The House decides the charges
28
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Miranda v. Arizona
Baker v. Carr
29
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
appellate
justiceable
civil
criminal
30
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
legilslators
interest groups
bureaucrats
the President
31
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
police power
taxation
establishing courts
printing currency
32
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Republicans
Democrats
33
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
fiscal federalism
incumbency
fiscal policy
concurrent powers
34
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. Representatives
U.S. Senators
U.S. judges
U.S. President
35
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
they tend to be liberal
they focus on issues
They focus on odd/ unusual
They focus on individuals
36
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
They have voted more often
they have become more ideological
they have become more informed
They have less trust in the governmnt
37
Franking is
a duty given to US elected officials
a privilege granted to US elected officials
Unregulated
Illegal
38
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
39
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The Council on Economic Advisors
The White House Staff
The OMB
The GOA
40
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
between 2 or more states
between the US and states
between a state and a country
capital punishment cases
41
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
how much people complain given how few vote
the success of our democracy given how little we know
42
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
Warren Burger
Earl Warren
John Roberts
William Rehnquist
43
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Reynolds v. United States
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
44
Who are the litigants in a case?
the members of the jury
the lawyers
the plaintiff and defendent
the judges
45
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
judicial review
impeachment
judge appointments
file amicus curiae briefs
46
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
primaries
policy elections
general elections
47
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
U.S. v. Nixon
U.S. v. Lopez
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
Butler v. U.S.
48
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
Thomas Hobbes
Montesquieu
Adam Smith
John Locke
49
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
50
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
harris v. Forklift Systems
Reed v. North Carolina
Shaw v. Reno
Craig v. Boren
51
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
separation of powers
voter apathy
rapid passage of laws
runaway spending
52
How long do national party conventions typically last?
1 week
4 days
3 days
1 day
53
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
policy positions
the candidate's voting record
"horserace" coverage
fundraising
54
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Texas v. Johnson
Snyder v. Phelps
Fisher v.University of Texas
55
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
union
direct democracy
unitary democracy
confederation
56
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The Senaste
The President
The House of Representatives
The Electoral College
57
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they were unanimous
they defer to the lower court ruling
they tied
they want to lower courts to retry it
58
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
tv ads
interviews with media
a poll
the nightly news
59
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
they need access to government officials
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They might alienate viewers
They are inherently patriotic
60
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
61
What was the first form of mass media?
radio
television
telegraph
daily newspapers
62
An incumbent
is running for re-election
is seeking office for the first time
has a hareder time raising money
has a 50% chance of being successful.
63
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis accurate
may be ideal but isn't realistic
iis a requirement in a democracy
64
The significance of campaign strategy
is that it sets the policy agenda
is generally overstated
is often underestimated
is that it typically converts voters
65
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the free exercise clause
elastic clause
the equal protection clause
the due process clause
66
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it harder to get on the ballot
giving free tv time to candidates
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
making it easier to register to vote
67
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
Article V
No part
Article II
Article III
68
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
push polls
voter perception
key word / phrasing polls
exit poLling
69
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Adarand Construction v. Pena
70
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
71
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Veteran's Affairs
Ethics
Appropriations
Energy and Commerce
72
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
73
Teacher led prayers violate the
no establishment clause
due process clause
equal protectiion clause
free exercise clause
74
When does a federal judge leave office?
After 5 years
After 10 years
after a no confidence vote
when they choose or die
75
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Grutter v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
76
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
77
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
elastic clause
implied powers
supremacy clause
limited government
78
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
party leaders
voters
electors
delegates
79
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
the early states get too much attention
the early states are not representative of the US population
few people participate
it caters to low information voters
80
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
politico
division of labor
instructed delegate
trustee
81
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
writing The Feminine Mystique
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
Starting Ms. Magazine
founding the National Organization for Women
82
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to energize the party faithful
to officially nominate a candidate
to debate policy openly
to advertise the candidate
83
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
endorsements
approval ratings
bandwagon
coattails
84
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
execute the law
issue pardons
nominate officials
fill vacancies
85
The United States government is accurately described as
a unitary federation
a republic
an autocracy
a democracy
86
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
television
staffing requirements
inflation
new state election laws
87
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
unlawful imprisonment
unlawful searches
treason charges
quartering troops in your home
88
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
Circuit Courts
The Supreme Court
Superior Courts
District Courts
89
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
due process
merit system
due diligence
patronage
90
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
20th
21st
22nd
23rd
91
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to reward big fundraisers
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
92
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
gerrymandering
filibustering
electioneering
polarization
93
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
blanket
closed
open
bicameral
94
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
the writing of the party platform
candidate nomination
a debate between the two leading candidates
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
95
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to see how high it will go without popping
to mend fences after a scandal
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to launch a campaign
96
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They feared a strong federal government
They wanted a democracy
They felt the states were too powerful
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
97
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
liberal
conservative
98
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
Military personnel make up the largest segment
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
99
What "sole power" does the House of Representatives hold, according to the Constitution?
Approve treaties
Taxation
Declare War
Impeachment
100
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
6
4
7
5
101
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
obtain standing
hire lobbyists
file amicus curiae briefs
testify
102
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
fiscal cliffs
omnibus bills
authorization bills
government shutdowns
103
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
casework
joint committee
conference committee
caucus
104
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned soft money
105
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
W. Bush
Clinton
Reagan
H,W. Bush
106
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are longer but cheaper
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are shorter but more expensive
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
107
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
7
9
11
10
108
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article III
Article I
Article II
Article IV
109
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the bureaucracy
the candidate
the party
interest groups
110
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
granted
federalism
reserved
enumerated
111
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Democrat
Republican
112
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you vote more
you get more conservative
You vote for Democrats
you attend to the news
113
Unstated powers that are logically delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
enumerated
reserved
inherent
supremacy powers
114
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the district courts
the Supreme Court
the circuit courts
115
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became apathetic towards the government
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became more protective of the president
116
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
hearings
approve appintments
deregulation
lobbying
117
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
patronage
information management and mobilization
converting voters
polling and policy positions
118
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
Give a speech
restate the oath
inform Congress about the state of the Union
hold a joint session of Congress
119
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Germans and Italians should also be interned
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
120
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
all war reporters are members of the military
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
121
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
122
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Mapp v. Ohio
123
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Whigs
Dixiecrats
Know Nothings
Populists
124
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Thomas Jefferson
Andrew Jackson
William McKinley
Alexander Hamilton
125
How many levels are the federal court system?
five
two
three
four
126
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
the nominee is relatively unknown
the nominee is older
The Senate and President are from different parties
it is the end of the President's second term
127
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
Article I
It's not
Article III
Article VI
128
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
white souitherners
blacks
unions
the wealthy
129
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Gratz v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Grutter v. Bollinger
130
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the state's House Reps
the state's governor
the Supreme Court
the state's senators
131
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
4 judges, law fairies
3 judges, witnesses
5 judges, juries
attorneys, judges
132
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
133
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being female
being young
being educated
being wealthy
134
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They need UN approval
They are binding for the next President
They indicate the President's intentions
They need Senate approval
135
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
more authority and bigger budgets
endorsements
less red tape
lobbyists
136
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
US v. Nixon
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
McCain v. BCRA
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
137
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
beat
interview
leak
scandal
138
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
their donors can remain anonymous
they tend to support incumbents
They coordinate closely with their candidate
139
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
opinion
writ of certiori
oral argument
a warrant
140
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
The Bill of Rights
the Preamble
the 14th amendment
The Declaration of Independence
141
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
17th
20th
18th
142
What is casework?
Preparation for committee hearings
How a lawyer prepares for trial
research Congressional staffers do for committees
Constituent services
143
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
groups benefits
low information
nature of the times
idealogues
144
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
145
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
They cycle out after each presidential election
They generally quit before they can be fired
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
146
What is the President's primary role in national security?
Reprieves and pardons
Commander in Chief
UN Ambassador
Party Leader
147
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
speedy and swift
impossible
through consesnsus
slow and deliberate
148
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article III
Article V
Article IV
Article VI
149
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They feared a stronger federal power.
They opposed federal taxation
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
150
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Smith v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
Lawrence v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
151
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
23rd
25th
24th
22nd
152
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Reed v. Reed
Harris v. Forklift Systems
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
Employment Division v. Smith
153
Over time, national party conventions have become less
contentious
attended
fun
predictable
154
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
It is more in depth
it is shorter
It is longer
It is nonexistent
155
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
156
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
checks and balances
separation of power
limited government
judicial review
157
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
federal
appellate
state
district
158
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
The Conservative Era was over
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
politicians must take clear positions on issues
159
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
selective enforcement
executive agreements
executive orders
veto override
160
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
it was unchanged
expanded it / made bigger
contracted it / made smaller
it was inconsistent
161
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
Why third parties tend to fail
why we have polarization
Why we have two parties
why we don't have radical parties in the US
162
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
conservative
liberal
163
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
receiving foreign heads of state
pardoning criminals
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
164
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
The Constitution
The Declaration of Independence
The Gettysburg Address
Common Sense
165
Why are signing statements controversial?
they are executive orders in disguise
They are relatively new in presidential history
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
166
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title V
Title XI
Title IX
Title XX
167
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
consolidation of news outlets
24 hour news channels
Internet ads
the prevalence of sound bites
168
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they are taking clear positions on issues
They are avoiding media attention
they increase campaign spending
they participate in debates
169
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
the power of interest groups
strong parties
short terms
primaries
170
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
171
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Republican
Democrat
172
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
fundraising
protesting
voting
ticket-splitting
173
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
3/4
2/3
100%
1/2
174
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Judicial
Legislative
Executive
Bureaucracy
175
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the U.S. Congress
the states
the voters through referendum
the Suoreme Court
176
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
177
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Whig
Republican
Democrat
Know Nothing
178
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
required reporting of PAC contributions
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
eliminated the public funding option
179
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
migrant workers
asians
hispanics
women
180
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
increased staff
support from interest groups
expanded budget authority
seniority in committee assignments
181
The effect of iron triangles is typically
hyperpluralism
pluralism
socialism
elitism
182
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Goldwater
Nixon
H.W. Bush
Reagan
183
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
They must be unaninmous
All are written by the Chief Justice
they are either concurring or dissenting
184
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
issue executive orders
eliminate agencies
appointments
reorganize budgets
185
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
186
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
inherent powers
original intent
free exercise
judicial activism
187
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The General Accounting Office
The Bean Counting Patrol
The Congressional Budget Office
The Federal Reserve
188
What action is Congress's best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
amendements
legislation
regulations
impeachment
189
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
conservative
liberal
190
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the courts
the states
the President
the Congress
191
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Democratic
Whig
Republican
Dixiecrat
192
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
Blacks outnumber hispanics
We will soon be a majority minority nation
The median age is getting higher.
the population is shifting to the south
193
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
splinter
issue / cause
revolutionary
popular person-based
194
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to streamline platform writing
to make delegate selection more democratic
to regulate campaign finance
195
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
attend meetings
register
pay dues
think they are in it
196
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They do polling
They know the election laws in that state
They raise most of the money
They provide endorsements
197
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
8th
10th
12th
11th
198
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
To raise money
To select a candidate for the general election
To build enthusiasm
to produce a party platform
199
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of currency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of sufficiency
200
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being nominated
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
They are fiundraising
201
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the elastic clause
the necessary and propoer clause
the due process clause
the equal protection clause
202
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
advertising
patronage
providing government services
voter fraud
203
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
make elections less volatile
inject new issues into the policy agenda
safety valve for popular discontent
motivate more people to vote
204
House or Senate? Committee assignments are typically based on seniority.
Both
Neither
House
Senate
205
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
incumbency advantage
media culture
party identification
selective perception
206
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
House
Senate
207
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
narrowcast
politics
newscast
press conference
208
Which of the following can the President do?
Declare war
Initiate constitutional amendments
Initiate laws
veto laws
209
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
210
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
articulate policies
run polls on election day
pick candidates
coordinate campaigns
211
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
the state legislative baody banned it
an initiative was passed
an executive order by the Governor
a court order
212
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
213
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
Marbury v. Madison
U.S. v. Lopez
214
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
creating courts
treaty approval
declaring war
taxation bills
215
How many years must you have lived in the US to be President?
14 years
30 years
15 years
20 years
216
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
politico model
agency model
instructed delegate model
trustee model
217
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
required reporting of income/spending
limited contributions
required candidtes to take public funds
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
218
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
there is a ballot
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
they are more common than caucuses
states have them on different dates
219
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Reed v. Reed
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Shaw v. Hunt
Shaw v. Reno
220
What type of primary do political parties like best?
blanket
unicameral
closed
open
221
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
Senate
Both
Neither
House
222
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
51%
3/4
2/3
unanimous
223
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
Their parties are more organized
They have more party cohesion
They have elections more often
They have more parties
224
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
House
Both
Senate
Neither
225
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The War Powers Resolution
The Geneva Convention
The Patriot Act
The Enduring Freedom Act
226
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
judicial restraint
judicial activism
strict constructionism
due process
227
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
Both
House
Senate
Neither
228
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
7
5
6
4
229
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Cooper and Flanigan
Hearst and Pulitzer
Smith and Wesson
Raymour and Flanigan
230
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
House
Neither
Senate
Both
231
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
The Stalwart Law
Pendleton Act
The McKinley Act
Hatch Act
232
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
legislation that has wide appeal
retiring officials that become lobbyists
233
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
it is contentious
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
it is nonexistent
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
234
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
voter apathy
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
235
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
236
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
House
Senate
Neither
Both
237
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
liberal
conservative
238
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
Gibbons v. Ogden
Marbury v. Madison
Fletcher v. Peck
McCullough v. Maryland
239
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Democrat
Republican
240
The following plans / compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except which one?
3/5 Compromise
Connecticut
Virginia Plan
Slave Trade
241
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
more uniformity
no states would exist
direct democracy
more powerful states
242
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
conservative
liberal
243
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
Both
Neither
Senate
House
244
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
the U.S. Marshalls
The Chief Magistrate
The Chief Justice
The Solicitor General
245
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
Leaking information to the press
Electioneering during work hours
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
246
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
unfunded madates
categorical grants
block grants
enumerated powers
247
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
editorials are held to a different standard
248
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
Tinker v. DesMoines
249
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
District and Appeals
Supreme and Appeals
District only
Supreme and District
250
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
running for office
voting
petitioning
protest

AP Government 1st Semester Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud