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Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life
Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life
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1
How does one isotope of a particular element differ from another of the same element?
The isotopes have different atomic numbers
The isotopes have different mass numbers
The isotopes have different numbers of electrons
The isotope has different numbers of protons
2
Nucleic acids include ______
Enzymes and RNA
Proteins and DNA
Steroids and triglycerides
RNA and DNA
3
What is measured by the pH scale?
Concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution
Concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
Concentration of salts dissolved in a solution
Strength of an electrical current that a solution can carry.
4
What occurs to form a covalent bond?
Oppositely charged atoms are attracted to one another
One atom loses electrons and another atom gains electrons
Atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Like-charged atoms repel each other
5
What is the chemical formula H²0 referring to?
A molecule that contains one hydrogen atom in two oxygen atoms
A molecule that contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
An atom with one hydrogen molecule and two oxygen molecules
In atom with two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule
6
How do the atoms of different elements differ from one another?
They have different atomic numbers and different mass numbers
They have different atomic numbers but the same number of electrons
They have the same atomic numbers but different mass numbers
They have the same atomic numbers and the same mass numbers
7
What is the role of oxygen in the body?
Functions as a major electrolyte
Produced as a waste product of cellular metabolism
Used to release energy from nutrient molecules
Reacts with water to form carbonic acid
8
What group of elements accounts for more than 95% percent of the human body by weight?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Calcium, phosphorus, hydrogen, hydrogen
Calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Carbon, phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen
9
What particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?
Neutrons, electrons, and protons
Protons and electrons
Electrons and neutrons
Protons and neutrons
10
Why is a complete atom considered to be electrically neutral?
Because the number of protons equals the number of neutrons
Because the number of electrons equals the number of protons
Because the number of electrons equals the number of neutrons
Because the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons
11
The first electron shell of an atom can hold a maximum number of ______ electrons
2
8
1
4
12
How does one isotope of a particular element differ from another of the same element?
The isotopes have different numbers of electrons
The isotopes have different atomic numbers
The isotopes have different numbers of protons
The isotopes have different mass numbers
13
Which of the following is not an organic compound?
DNA
The enzyme phosphodiesterase
Sodium chloride
Cholesterol
14
Matter is composed of elements which, in turn, are composed of ______.
Atoms
Chemicals
Inorganic molecules
Organic molecules
15
What building blocks form triglycerides?
Three fatty acids and three phosphate groups
Three glucose molecules
Three glycerol groups and one fatty acid
Three fatty acids and one glycerol
16
What are nucleic acids?
Primary sources of cellular energy
Molecules comprise of nucleotides
Inorganic salts
Molecules that act as enzymes
17
Chemistry is the branch of science that studies _______
The function of organs within the body
The structure of the organs of the body
The composition, properties, and interactions of matter
The location of organs in body cavities
18
A solution that contains equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ion ions is described as being ________
Alkaline
Acidic
Neutral
Basic
19
The atomic number of an atom equals the number of _______, and the mass number equals the _______.
Number of neutrons plus protons; number of electrons
Number of protons; number of protons plus neutrons
Number of protons; weight of all the electrons
Weight of all electrons; number of protons plus neutrons
