What role did Adam Smith believe the government should fulfill in society?

should defend citizens from injustice and invasion, limited role in the economy, maintain public works

areas of ancient knowledge that helped spark the Scientific Revolution

Mathematics, works of Archimedes & Plato

Martin Luther's teachings included

salvation through faith alone, All people were equal in the eyes of God, The Bible was the ultimate authority on Earth for Christians

How were Henry VIII's motives different from other protestant reformers?

He split from the Catholic Church because it didn't let him get a divorce.

Machiavelli argued in "The Prince"

It is better for a ruler to be feared than loved., That rulers should have absolute power

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Enlightenment Review + Age of Exploration & Absolutism Review + Religions, Renaissance, & Refor

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Questions 92

Answers

1
elegant urban drawing rooms where, in the 18th century, people gathered to discuss the ideas of the philosophes
salons
deism
social contract
rationalism
2
intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities including: art, philosophy, & history
secular
speculation
perspective
humanism
3
English Protestants who felt that the Church of England needed reform & sought to simplify & regulate forms of worship
Purify
Natural rights
Puritans
Divine Right of Kings
4
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on women's rights?
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
Locke
Montesquieu
5
economic theory of the 17th century; the prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold & silver
Mercantilism
Merchant
Capitalism
Communism
6
Which ancient cultures served as the inspiration during the Renaissance?
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Greece
Ancient China
Ancient Rome
7
doctrine that scientists should proceed from the particular to the general through observations & experiments
rationalism
laissez-faire
inductive reasoning
scientific method
8
the language of everyday speech in a particular region
vernacular
secular
patron
indulgence
9
a person of mixed African and European descent
Mestizos
Absolutism
Mulattoes
Creole
10
Believed absolute monarchy was the best form of government
Locke
Hobbes
11
What role did Adam Smith believe the government should fulfill in society?
should defend citizens from injustice and invasion
strong regulations to ensure safety of products made by businesses
limited role in the economy
maintain public works
12
the forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas
Middle Passage
Heretic
Middle Path
Mercantilism
13
moral code of ethical conduct that play(s) a fundamental role in Judaism and Christianity
Eightfold Path
Mandate of Heaven
salvation
the 10 Commandments
14
the concept that the state should not impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone
laissez-faire
federal system
scientific method
rationalism
15
Who is credited with using inductive reasoning to create the scientific method?
Francis Bacon
Rene Descartes
Archimedes
Aristotle
16
Founding Figure in Christianity
Jesus
Muhammad
Siddhartha Gautama
Abraham
17
This religion views Jesus as a highly honored prophet
Islam
Buddhism
Christianity
Judaism
18
Founding Figure in Buddhism
Jesus
Siddhartha Gautama
Abraham
Muhammad
19
a person of mixed European and Native American descent
Creole
Mestizos
Absolutism
Mulattoes
20
form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote
republic
theocracy
feudalism
democracy
21
Once people gave up their power to a ruler, the people lost the right to question the actions of the ruler
Locke
Hobbes
22
Believed representative government was the best form of government.
Locke
Hobbes
23
areas of ancient knowledge that helped spark the Scientific Revolution
Mathematics
works of Archimedes & Plato
Eastern medicine
hieroglyphics
24
Martin Luther's teachings included
salvation through faith alone
All people were equal in the eyes of God
The Bible was the ultimate authority on Earth for Christians
predestination
25
the belief that the kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God
Democracy
Natural rights
Dictatorship
Divine Right of Kings
26
a person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment; a scholar or a thinker
rationalism
philosopher
scientific method
deism
27
What did Martin Luther criticize in his 95 Theses?
The church's extreme wealth
The selling of indulgences
All of these
The Pope's power
28
In the state of nature, life was poor, nasty, brutish, & short.
Locke
Hobbes
29
a focus on worldly matters, instead of religious matters
patron
humanism
perspective
secular
30
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on religious tolerance?
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
Locke
Voltaire
31
a person of European descent born in Latin America and living there permanently
Absolutism
Mestizos
Mulattoes
Creole
32
a small, fast, maneuverable ship that had a large cargo hold and usually three masts with lateen sails
Caramel
Carne asada
Caravel
Carnival
33
a wealthy sponsor of art
patron
justification
Lutheranism
humanism
34
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on separation of power and checks and balances?
Locke
Wollstonecraft
Montesquieu
Rousseau
35
the sum of a person's actions in life, viewed as deciding their fate in future existences
karma
dharma
Eightfold Path
reincarnation
36
belief in or worship of more than one god
justification
Eightfold Path
polytheism
monotheism
37
rights with which all humans are born, including the rights to life, liberty, and property
Natural rights
Natural state
Divine Right of Kings
Puritans
38
the rebirth of a soul in a new body
karma
reincarnation
dharma
Eightfold Path
39
Founding Figure in Islam
Siddhartha Gautama
Abraham
Jesus
Muhammad
40
the executive, legislative & judicial branches limit & control each other through a system of checks & balances
deism
rationalism
scientific method
Separation of powers
41
a settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control
colony
Creole
czar
conquistador
42
How were Henry VIII's motives different from other protestant reformers?
He split from the Catholic Church due to deep religious convictions.
He split from the Catholic Church because it didn't let him get a divorce.
He reached enlightenment before sharing his religious beliefs.
He was able to change the Catholic Church without splitting off from it.
43
this spread the new ideas of the Scientific Revolution quickly & easily
telephone
printing press
carrier pigeons
social media
44
to declare invalid
patron
annul
secular
indulge
45
religious doctrine developed by a formerly Catholic monk which stated that salvation could be achieved by faith alone
Calvinism
Presbyterian
Anabaptism
Lutheranism
46
person born on the Iberian Peninsula, often an official who lived in Latin America for political & economic gains
peninsulares
Puritans
plantation
conquistador
47
a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money
inflation
economics
deflation
going broke
48
an individual's duty fulfilled by observance of custom or law
reincarnation
karma
dharma
Eightfold Path
49
the claim by Chinese kings that they had direct authority from heaven to rule and keep order in the universe
Eightfold Path
salvation
the 10 Commandments
Mandate of Heaven
50
Machiavelli argued in "The Prince"
It is better for a ruler to be loved than feared.
It is better for a ruler to be feared than loved.
That rulers should have absolute power
Rulers should respect the rights of citizens above all else.
51
a leader in the Spanish conquest of the Americas
peninsulares
conquistador
plantation
Puritans
52
a large agricultural estate
peninsulares
Puritans
conquistador
plantation
53
People are born like "a blank slate"
Locke
Hobbes
54
John Calvin's most noted religious teaching
All people were equal in the eyes of God
predestination
The Bible was the ultimate authority on Earth for Christians
salvation through good works
55
What was the significance of Gutenburg's printing press?
It led to increased literacy in Europe.
It led to the more rapid spread of ideas.
It allowed greater access to reading materials.
All of these
56
political/social order developed during the Middle Ages in which nobles offered protection & land in return for service
democracy
feudalism
patron
theocracy
57
Which of these was NOT a motive for European exploration and expansion?
spreading Christianity
adventure/fame
Civil War in England
money
58
This Enlightenment thinker advocated for laissez-faire economic policies.
Adam Smith
Diderot
Wollstonecraft
Voltaire
59
This religion views Jesus as the Son of God and Messiah
Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Buddhism
60
a form of government in which power is shared between the national and state governments
rationalism
philosopher
scientific method
federal system
61
a political system in which a ruler holds total power
Creole
Mulattoes
Absolutism
Mestizos
62
moral code of ethical conduct that play(s) a fundamental role in Buddhism
the 10 Commandments
Mandate of Heaven
salvation
Eightfold Path
63
Who created the first encyclopedia?
Wollstonecraft
Diderot
Adam Smith
Voltaire
64
one who does not conform to established doctrine
Heretic
Indulgences
Inflation
Rebel
65
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on natural rights?
Wollstonecraft
Locke
Montesquieu
Rousseau
66
18th century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
social contract
rococo
rationalism
deism
67
governed by the "rule of the many," or by the people
demographic
republic
democracy
theocracy
68
"the rule of the few"; a form of government in which a select group of people exercises control
democracy
oligarchy
patron
theocracy
69
How did Enlightenment ideas influence society and culture?
women argued for the same rights as men
return to traditional teachings
growth of reading
new styles in art
70
artistic techniques used to give the effect of three-dimensional depth to two-dimensional surfaces
speculation
secular
perspective
humanism
71
society governed by its general will & individuals abide by it since it is what is best for the whole community
rococo
social contract
rationalism
deism
72
Which is NOT a technology allowed Europeans to expand their exploration of the seas?
magnetic compass
caravel
astrolabe
sonar
73
a system of thought expounded by Rene Descartes based on belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge
rococo
social contract
deism
rationalism
74
the state of being saved (going to Heaven) through faith alone or through faith and good works
salvation
justification
Eightfold Path
polytheism
75
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on the idea that people give up some freedoms for the general will?
Locke
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
Montesquieu
76
How did Enlightenment thinkers use the ideas of the Scientific Revolution?
to use reason to find the natural law that ruled human behavior
questioned the ideas of ancient authorities and the Church
to create new mechanical inventions
77
How did Mary Wollstonecraft use the Enlightenment ideal of reason to advocate rights for women?
women should have more rights than men
all humans are born with reason so women deserve the same rights as men
women give birth to children and should be given more rights
78
This religion views Jesus as simply a Jewish man
Islam
Judaism
Christianity
Hinduism
79
the belief that God has determined in advance who will and will not be saved
reincarnation
Final Destination
indulgences
predestination
80
the title used by Russian emperors
colony
czar
Creole
conquistador
81
a fleet of warships
Creole
Armada
Arm & Hammer
Absolutism
82
system of labor in which Spanish landowners had the right (from Queen Isabella) to use Native Americans as laborers
encomienda
mita
mulatto
peninsulares
83
a system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers
rationalism
laissez-faire
scientific method
Enlightened absolutism
84
a system of government in which religious leaders rule instituting religious laws as civil laws
patron
justification
democracy
theocracy
85
Founding Figure in Judaism
Muhammad
Siddhartha Gautama
Abraham
Jesus
86
What was the first book printed on Gutenburg's printing press?
The Bible
Our History Textbook
Dante's Divine Comedy
the 95 Theses
87
systematic procedure for collecting &analyzing evidence that was crucial to the evolution of science in the modern world
scientific method
rationalism
deism
salons
88
the belief in one God, rather than many
reincarnation
polytheism
theocracy
monotheism
89
the process of being deemed worthy of salvation by God
Presbyterian
justification
Lutheranism
baptism
90
a release from all or part of punishment for sin that could be bought from the Catholic Church
secular
patron
vernacular
indulgence
91
foundation technology of the Scientific Revolution
telephone
telescope
microscope
microphone
92
Scientific discoveries led Descartes to the belief that _____________ is the chief source of knowledge.
mathematics
Church teachings
ancient authorities
reason

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