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Biology E.O.C. Review Semester One (Part 2 of 2) Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology E.O.C. Review Semester One (Part 2 of 2)
Biology E.O.C. Review Semester One (Part 2 of 2)
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Biology EOC Semester Review (Part 2)
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1
If a pea plants alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
Both parents were tall.
Both parents contributed a recessive allele.
Both parents contributed a dominant allele.
Both parents were short.
2
The total variety of organisms in the biosphere is called
species diversity
genetic diversity
ecosystem diversity
biodiversity
3
Which of these can affect the rate of an enzyme mediated reaction?
temperature
All of these
pH
Concentration of substrate
4
Human males have...
one X chromosome only
two Y chromosomes
one X and one Y chromosome
two X chromosomes
5
Ecological succession is..
ecosystem never changes
ecosystem secedes to an overpowering ecosystem
ecosystems change over time as species move in & out
ecosystem loses all species due to fire
6
Variation in human skin color is an example of...
codominance
multiple alleles
polygenic traits
incomplete dominance
7
Which BEST describes what happens when you eat an apple?
Most of the energy in the apple is used to digest the apple.
All of the energy is changed to body heat.
Some of the energy enters the environment as heat.
All energy in the apple is stored as energy in your body.
8
Which of the following is
most likely
to cause an ecosystem to become unstable?
After rainfall, there are more producers than consumers.
Two species of decomposers compete for dead organisms
Only consumers remain after a climatic change.
A slight increase in producers & consumers
9
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of...
daughter cells exactly alike
haploid cells
diploid cells
2 daughter cells
10
The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called
crossing over
incomplete dominance
tetrads
nondisjunction
11
There will always be more ______ than ______ blank in a food web.
Produces than consumers
Predators than consumers
Consumers than producers
Decomposers than producers
12
A cell is not making proteins properly. Which organelle is most likely responsible.
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
Centriole
13
A unifying explanation for a broad range of observations is a
hypothesis
controlled experiment
theory
prediction
14
What is the
BEST
evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms?
similarity in behavior
similarity in DNA
similarity in niche
similarity in habitat
15
Which cell has a cell memebrane
Plant cell
Both
Animal cell
16
Carrying capacity is...
pesticide resistance
biological succession
# of individuals in species that an environment can support
genetic drift
17
What is Biology?
The scientific study of all forms of life
The scientific study of animals
The scientific study of cells
The casual study of dead things
18
What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
The reaction rate will increase
The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained.
The reaction will stop>
The reaction rate will decrease.
19
Greenhouse effect is ...
captures energy from the sun and stores it in a greenhouse
certain gases trap sunlight in Earth's atmosphere as heat
variable that is observed and changed according tothe plants
part of earth in which life exists including land, and water
20
An ecological pyramid is...
illustration of the amounts of energy in each trophic level
pyramid showing the different ecosystems
illustration of the many different types of ecosystems
pyramid showing the growth of plants
21
White blood cells....
carrying CO2
fighting infections
carrying O2
22
A contagious virus spreads more easily because of which factor?
density dependent factor
habitat destruction
biological magnification
density independent factor
23
True or False: Respiration takes place in ALL cells
True
False
24
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be....
dominant
heterozygous
hybrid
homozygous
25
Which statement is true of both mitosis and meiosis?
Both are methods of asexual reproduction.
Both reduce the number of chromosomes in half.
DNA replication occurs before the division of the nucleus.
Both occur in reproductive cells.
26
Carbohydrates are made from what?
sugars
amino acids
glycerol
nucleotides
27
What is the job of the white blood cells?
to clot blood
to fight infection
to remove carbon dioxide
to carry oxygen
28
The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is, prokarotic cells ___ a nucleus
Do not have
Do have
29
Which of the following is MOST likely a negative impact of nuclear power plants?
Nuclear power plants result in increased biodiversity.
They reduce dependence on foreign oil supplies.
They create light pollution from radioactive substances.
Nuclear power plants produce radioactive waste.
30
Three main types of symbiotic relationships...
biosphere, latitude, & biodiversity
herbivores, carnivores, & omnivores
producers, consumers, & decomplosers
mutualism, parasitism, & commensalism
31
Which of the following is the correct chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + light energy = 6O26CO2 + 6H2O
6CO2 + 6H2O= C6H12O6 + light energy + 6O2
6CO2 + C2H 12 O + light = 6h2O + 6O2
32
Which of the following is most likely to cause an increase in anaerobic bacteria in a pond?
a decrease in the amount of organic waste in pond
a decrease in the number of aerobic bacteria in pond
a decrease in the amount of O2 dissolved in the pond
a decrease in the temperature of the water in pond
33
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells both have
Mitochondria
a Nucleus
Chloroplast
DNA
34
Red Blood cells shape is for
carrying O2
fighting infections
carrying CO2
35
Independent assortment is..
how chromosomes line up during metaphase
how chromosomes multiply
how chromosomes separate during anaphase
how chromosomes divide during meiosis
36
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
coal
wind
fresh water
topsoil
37
An autotroph is any organism that can produce its own food. Autotrophs are also called....
consumers
producers
omnivores
herbivores
38
Which statement best describes cellular respiration?
It stores energy in food molecules.
It occurs in animal cells, but not in plant cells.
It converts energy in food into a more useable form
It uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygen.
39
Energy within an ecosystem flows from the producers 2 consumers. What role do decomposers do?
Break down organic matter into nutrients for other organisms
Consume the producers and provide energy from Sun into other
Make their own food & provide energy for others
Change energy from Sun into useable energy forms
40
Transpiration is part of the...
carbon cycle
nitrogen cycle
phosphorus cycle
water cycle
41
Mutations within a DNA sequence are
unnatural processes that are harmful to genetic diversity
natural processes that produce genetic diversity
natural processes that always affect the phenotype
unnatural processes that always affect the phenotype
42
The fusion of an egg and a sperm allows for the opportunity of __________.
change of planned characteristics
new genetic combinations within a species
uniformity within the species
passing of primarily paternal characteristics
43
A consumer is..
factor that causes population growth
organism that relies on other organisms for food
an organism that makes its own food
single species that exerts strong control on community
44
Energy flows through the trophic levels of a food web. Which answer is true?
Energy is fully transferred to each level.
Flow of energy with producers at top & consumers at bottom
10% of energy is transferred from 1 trophic level 2 another
Energy flows from carnivores down to producers
45
Which statement
best
describes what enzymes do.
They become the building blocks of polymers.
They influence the rate of chemical reactions,
They can adapt to different chemicals in the cell.
They are used up while catalyzing reactions.
46
Which type of cell has a cell memebrane?
Eukaryote
Prokayote
Both
47
what is qualitative data
observational data
data collected duting an experiment
data collected after an experiment
data with numbers
48
During photosynthesis, plants take in _____ and release _____ back into the environment.
oxygen, nitrogen
carbon dioxide, oxygen
carbon dioxide, nitrogen
oxygen, carbon dioxide
49
Technology is the application of
hypothesis to design a new physical law
creativity to design a new physical law
research to make an observation
science to design a new product or process
50
Which functions are controlled by the cell membrane?
release ATP, cell reproduction, food production
enzyme production, large molecules, duplication of DNA
protein synthesis, respiration, digestion
active transport, reading chemical messages, protection
51
What is formed at the end of meiosis?
4 genetically different cells
4 genetically identical cells
2 genetically identical cells
2 genetically different cells
52
Cell memebranes are _____________________ permeable.
selectively
partially
completely
not
53
The series of steps in which a large fish eats a small fish that has eaten algae is...
pyramid of fish
food web
food chain
biomass pyramid
54
Which of these is not an abiotic factor?
temperature
sunlight
air pressure
plants
55
In a pond ecosystem, ducks, plants, and frogs would all be considered
biotic
consumers
abiotic
important
56
Mendel's law of segregation says that 2 _____ for a trait separate during meiosis.
alleles
phentypes
mutations
genotypes
57
A Primary Producer is
organisms that obtains energy by eating only plants
Largest producer of non energy materials
an organism that obtains energy by eating animals
1st producer of energy rich compounds that R used by others
58
Carbon stored in the bodies of plants & animals that died millions of yrs. ago is released when
all of the above
when oil is burned
when natural gas is burned
when coal is burned
59
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer.
Absence of cyclins in the DNA
Mutations in genes for cell cycle cause abnormal cell growth
Multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
Presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
60
Through the process of MEIOSIS, cells are made that are...
different
identical
larger and larger
smaller than the original cell
61
Which of these can affect the rate of an enzyme mediated reaction>
pH
temperature
All of these answers.
concentration of substrate
62
How does diffusion differ from active transport>
Active needs ATP
It is only water.
Diffusion goes high to low
It crosses a semipermeable membrane
63
Lawn fertilizer can interfere with the equilibrium of an ecosystem. Why?
They can be carried into local water supplies.
They can cause mutations in all plants.
They cannot be absorbed by roots.
They cause atmospheric pollution.
64
Which of the following properties allows water to move from the roots to the leaves of a plant?
shows adhesive and cohesive behavior
expands as it freezes
able to moderate temperature
excellent solvent
65
Major component of cell memebranes
Polyprophelene
Phospholipids
cells
Cholestrol
66
A step in the passage of energy and matter through an ecosystem ...
trophic level
food web
food chain
pyramid of energy
67
What could a person do to have a positive impact on an environmental system?
increase the amount of exhaust fumes in the atmosphere
remove exotic species of plants from a swamp
release exotic insects into a pine forest
use pesticides to decrease a population of birds of prey
68
Cell theory is one of the unifying themes of biology. Which would be part of the cell theory?
All Answers are correct
All life is made of cells
Cells come from preexisting cells
Cells are the smallest units of life
69
What is the main source of energy behind the water cycle?
atmospherics gases
oceans
sun
rivers
70
Which statement
best
describes what happens in an energy pyramid?
When organisms die their mass increase at lower levels.
Decay occurs at all levels leaving less mass at high levels.
Energy is lost to the environment at each level.
Organisms die at lower levels leaving less mass at top level
71
Which of following correctly describes the distribution of energy among different trophic level
Amount of energy decreases as it moves up the trophic levels
Amount of energy is highest at tertiary level.
Amount of energy increases as food web moves up
Amount of energy is evenly distributed among the levels.
72
biotic factor..
a living factor that shapes an ecosystem
a non-living factor that shapes an ecosystem
basic unit form of life
term that is used to refer to a species that has dies out
73
Gametes are produced by the process of....
mitosis
meiosis
replication
crossing-over
74
Adaptation, in biology, is when an individual organism makes a choice to change its behavior
False
True
75
Amino acids are the building blocks for
peptide bonds
lipids
fatty acids
proteins
76
What best explains why children have different traits than their parents?
Alleles for those traits separate randomly during meiosis.
The time of conception is different for every offspring.
DNA comes from either one parent or the other.
Each offspring is derived from identical gametes.
77
Which is correct about a food web>
The arrows always point from THE PREDATOR TO THE PREY
It does not matter which direction the food web arrows point
There are no arrows in a correct food web
The arrows alwaYS POINT FROM THE PREY TO THE PREDATOR
78
What do eukaryotic cells have that prokaryotic cells lack?
genetic information
a plasma membrane
membrane-bound organelles
cytoplasm
79
Carbon is an important element for life and is found in ______....
all organisms
both large and small organisms
only large (organic) organisms
all small (inorganic) organism
80
How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?
23
44
2
46
81
Haploid gametes have...
twice the number of chromosomes
one allele for each gene
homologous chromosomes
two sets of chromosomes
82
Quantitative
data with numbers
data with only words
data with just symbols
83
If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
3
12
24
6
84
Which reaction has the reactants of glucose and oxygen?
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
Meiosis
Photosynthesis
85
What will the offspring be if a tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt)?
75% tall and 25% short.
All of the offspring will be tall.
Half will be tall, half will be short.
All of the offspring will be short.
86
Protein monomers are...
lipids
carbohydrates
amino acids
polymers
87
Sex-linked traits can only be passed down from
The offspring
The father
The homozygous allele
The mother
