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Chapter 21 World History Spring 2021 Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 21 World History Spring 2021
Chapter 21 World History Spring 2021
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1
Intellectuals of the 1500s and 1600s did not take Margaret Cavendish's work seriously, why?
Her work was not logical
She did not believe in rationalism
She was a woman
Her work was not signed
2
Francis Bacon believed that scientists should
rely on ancient authorities
study philosophy
develop their own scientific methods
use reasoning
3
Enlightened absolutists
applied enlightened ideas to the governing of their country while keeping their royal powers.
False
True
4
What explains why planetary bodies stay in orbit around the sun?
Bill of Rights
Universal Law of Gravitation
Articles of Confederation
Stamp Act
5
All people have certain Natural Rights which are life, liberty, and property.
False
True
6
What is the idea that the state and government should not interfere with the economy?
Command Economy
Separation of Powers
Laissez-Faire
Universal law of gravitation
7
According to Rousseau's concept of the social contract
people should be governed by their individual morality.
a government should exact harsh punishment for crime.
the government should not interfere in economic affairs.
a society agrees to be governed by its general will.
8
Which of the following was a result of the Treaty of Paris that ended the Seven Year's War?
France was forced to withdraw from India
Russia gained control of Prussian lands
France gained control of Britain's holdings in India
Austria regained control of Silesia from Prussia
9
How did the conclusion of the War of Austrian Succession, Treaty of AixlaChapelle set the 7yr?
After seven years, all parties to the war were exhausted
Charles VI died without a male heir, so his daughter succeed
Prussia refused to return Silesia
Europe, Asia, and North America became involved in the war
10
Who was the first European to explore the universe with the telescope?
Galileo
Locke
Copernicus
Descartes
11
According to Rousseau, the general will represents what is best for...
the rich
government
Entire community
peasants and lower class
12
How did new technology such as the telescope lay the foundation for the Scientific Revolution?
The government used them to make scientific laws
Philosophers used them to think about ancient Greek ideas
Ordinary people used them in their everyday life
Scientists used them to create new inventions and theories
13
In comparison to Baroque art, the style of Rococo
None of these answers is correct.
is more playful and lighthearted.
is more suitable for public places
tends to employ more intense colors
14
The main Enlightenment reform that Maria Theresa made was:
To improve the conditions of the serfs
To allow freedom of speech for all people
To strengthen her empire
To abolish the death penalty
15
Fredrick II of Prussia promoted freedom of speech/press/religion; didn't improve life for
serfdom
foreign travelers
the army
women
16
What key idea did Montesquieu bring to the table?
separation of offices
separation of church and state
separation of power
separation of ketchup and mustard
17
Frederick II, Joseph II, and Catherine II were enlightened absolutists whose main goal was to
Safeguard the welfare of the state
Uphold the rights of the working class
Abolish the system of serfdom
Reinforce the supremacy of the nobility
18
Education spread widely during the enlightenment because
Reading material was aimed at the masses
Schools were free for everyone
Books were written by the elite
Churches promoted education
19
He believed the universe was Heliocentric
Galen
Ptolemy
Aristotle
Copernicus
20
Who is the father of modern rationalism?
Descartes
Winkelmann
John locke
Galileo
21
What is the
Federal System?
A Monarchy
state government
Powers of the gov. divided between the national & state gov.
Russia joining power with Britain
22
What was America's first national constitution?
Declaration of Independence
Articles of Confederation
Bill of Rights
Constitution
23
In their battle for control of Silesia, which two nations set the stage for the Seven Years' in Europe?
Russia and Germany
France and Spain
Austria and Prussia
India and Great Britain
24
Descartes decide to set aside everything that he had learned because...
science was based on new information only
he doubted everything he had learned.
everything he had learned was wrong
there were no science books.
25
What is the scientific method?
A method used to discover science
A method used to find kinetic and potential energy
A method to find energy flow
A process used to explore observations/answer questions
26
Voltaire championed the religious philosophy of deism, which was based on
human nature and social conflict
biblical text
reason and natural law
superstition
27
Which style of art emphasized grace and charm?
Laissez-faire
Rococo
Romanticism
Baroque
28
Ten amendments to the US constitution to guarantee certain freedoms are called?
universal law of gravitation
Bill of Rights
laissez-faire
Stamp Act
29
Diderot's Encyclopedia was used to
Attack Religious Superstition
Suppress Enlightenment Idea
Support the Catholic Church
Overturn capital punishment
30
Who argued that people are born with a blank mind?
Nicolaus Copernicus
Rene Descartes
Galileo Galilei
John Locke
31
Which of the following made it possible for scientists to practice direct observation?
The printing press.
The telescope and microscope.
Greek thinkers.
Natural philosophers.
32
A rich Australian province invaded by Prussia
True
False
33
The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom influenced which document?
Declaration of Independence
Articles of Confederation
Bill of Rights
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
34
What did the Stamp Act tax?
stamps
lead, paper, glass and tea
any outgoing mail
newspapers and printed materials
35
Why did France, Spain, and the Dutch Republic help American colonists win their independence?
Other nations were supplying Great Britain with weapons
Colonists agreed to give up land in North America 4 support
British refused 2 recognize the sovereignty of the monarchs
These nations wanted revenge against the British Empire
36
During the Middle Ages, Catherine the Great strengthened Russia but made life worse for the serfs.
False
True
37
Why were Margaret Cavendish and Maria Winkelmann not taken seriously as scientists?
They were women
Their work was completely wrong
They were from poor families
Their findings were credited to other people
38
What finally happened to Silesia as a result of the Seven Years’ War?
It became a new, independent nation.
Peter III claimed it for Russia
Prussia permanently kept it
France claimed it
