7th - Final Vocab

a body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all its parts.

Chromosomes are pulled apart, dragging them to both sides of the cell.

the scientific study of heredity

a muscle that is attached to bones and provides the force that moves the bones, also called striated muscle

the double chromatin condenses into two copies of chromosomes. Bound by a centromere, the chromosomes produce fibers.

Mitosis happens between

a group of organs that work together to perform a major function

the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism to another organism, to produce an organism with desired traits.

a body tissue that contracts, or shortens, making body parts move.

the reaction of a person's body to potentially threatening, challenging, or disturbing events.

a green photosynthetic pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria.

a chemical that affects growth and development and produced by the endocrine system

in cells, a large oval organelle that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA

a situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele.

Meiosis happens between

structure in the dermis of the skin from which a strand of hair grows.

having two different alleles for a particular gene

a threadlike structure within a cell's nucleus that contains DNA that is passed from one generation to the next.

a situation in which both alleles for a gene are expressed equally?

a body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together

a sequence of DNA that determines a trait and is passed from parent to offspring.

type of RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

a person who has one recessive allele and one dominant allele for a trait

strong connective tissue that holds bones together in movable joints

an offspring of crosses that has two different alleles for a trait

the series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.

the process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood

before a cell divides, the process in which DNA copies itself

an organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.

the bones that make up the backbone of an organism

a number that describes how likely it is that a particular event will occur.

a connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and that protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing

a group of similar cells that perform a specific function

a selective breeding method that involves crossing different individuals to bring together the best traits

The process that occurs in the formation of sex cells(sperm and egg)by which the # of chromosomes is reduced by half.

the inheritance of traits that are controlled by two or more genes, such as height in humans.

a muscle that appears banded; also called skeletal muscle

a body tissue that covers the interior and exterior surfaces of the body.

method of breeding that allows only those organisms with desired traits to produce the next generation

a pair of chromosomes carrying genes that determine whether a person is male or female

an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced.

a selective breeding method in which two individuals with similar sets of alleles are crossed

The cell's chromosomes are doubled and centrosomes which organize the cell's spindle fibers are made

the inner framework made of all of the bones of the body.

any change in the DNA of a gene or a chromosome.

an opening through which sweat reaches the surface of the skin

an organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination

a muscle that is under conscious control

an organism that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream

an absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal working gene.

the passing of traits from parents to offspring

three or more possible allele of a gene that determine a trait

a gene that is carried on a sex (X or Y) chromosome

a mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue

the 2nd stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei & distributed into 2 cells.

an organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food.

an allele that is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present.

a body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and other parts of the body

layer of bone tissue that has many small spaces and is found just inside the layer of compact bone.

Which is not a function of your skin?

the first stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs - cell grows and makes copy of DNA

a disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.

a place in the body where two bones come together

a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross

the cell pinches in the middle to form two daughter cells. Each containing a chromosome with two bound chromatids.

an organism that cannot make its own food and gets food by consuming other living things.

an action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus

a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of the cell.

hard and dense, but not solid, bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone

strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

the process by which cells release energy by breaking down food molecules without using oxygen.

the outer layer of skin

an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present

What are the bases of DNA?

involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body

the process in sexual reproduction in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new cell.

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

What's the translation from DNA to RNA? TCGGTCTAA

the soft connective tissue that fills the internal spaces in bone

the inner layer of the skin

an offspring of crosses that has the same form of traits.

a substance such as nitrogen or phosphorus that enables plants and algae to grow.

A nucleus and a nuclear membrane form around both sets of chromosomes on each side. The spindle fibers are disassembled

involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart

a condition resulting from a loss of minerals in which the body's bones become weak and break easily

The process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells, releasing energy.

a pigment that gives the skin its color

Connects muscles to bones

a series of events in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and by being eaten

the condition in which an organism's internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes

the basic unit of structure and function in living things

a muscle that is not under conscious control

type of RNA that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids.

the different forms of a gene

a specific characteristic that an organism can pass to its offspring through its genes.

The chromosome pairs line up at the center of the cell and the spindle fibers attach themselves to the centromeres

the pattern of overlapping feeding relationships of food chains among the various organisms in an ecosystem

the process by which plants and other autotrophs capture and use light energy to make food from CO₂ and water.

having two identical alleles for a particular gene