What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?

cooperative = block grants/ fiscal = categorical grants

What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?

to make delegate selection more democratic

What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?

Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas

All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT

standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear

Why are signing statements controversial?

They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement

The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains

why we don't have radical parties in the US

What federal agency oversees all hiring, providing 3 candidates to the hiring agency?

The Office of Personnel Management

For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?

To select a candidate for the general election

Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?

They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof

McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT

eliminated the public funding option

The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that

The federal government was regulating trade within states

If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably

moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date

All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:

it caters to low information voters

After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?

the press became a "watchdog" on the government

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AP Gov Final Review Quiz Flashcards | StudBud

AP Gov Final Review Quiz

341 termsStudBud Administration280 plays

A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam.

Flashcards341 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 341

Answers

1
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
4
5
7
6
2
Incrementalism in the budget process leads to
budget reconciliation
the military industrial complex
delays / slow budget negotiations
inevitable growth in budgets
3
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
4
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
You can only have one or the other, not both
cooperative = block grants/ fiscal = categorical grants
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
cooperative = categorical grants/ fiscal = block grants
5
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to make delegate selection more democratic
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to regulate campaign finance
to streamline platform writing
6
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
bandwagon
endorsements
coattails
approval ratings
7
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
new state election laws
inflation
television
staffing requirements
8
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
9
This amendment is responsible for incorporation.
10th
9th
4th
14th
10
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
pardoning criminals
receiving foreign heads of state
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
11
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
party identification
incumbency advantage
selective perception
media culture
12
What agency insures that employees are allowed to organize labor unions?
SEC
NLRB
FTC
ICC
13
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
14
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
Neither
Both
House
Senate
15
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
Escobedo v. Illinois
16
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
fundraising
"horserace" coverage
policy positions
the candidate's voting record
17
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
Reagan
H,W. Bush
Clinton
W. Bush
18
Which of the following is not one of the purposes mentioned in the Preamble?
ensure domestic tranquility
provide for the general welfare
due process
establish justice
19
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Democrat
Republican
20
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
gender
wealth
race
religion
21
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
The chief Justice oversees the trial
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
The House decides the charges
22
Why are signing statements controversial?
they are executive orders in disguise
They are relatively new in presidential history
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
23
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
The McKinley Act
Pendleton Act
Hatch Act
The Stalwart Law
24
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
unanimous
3/4
51%
2/3
25
This amendment says Congress can't raise their own salaries.
27th
26th
24th
25th
26
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
unitary democracy
union
direct democracy
confederation
27
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
Why third parties tend to fail
why we have polarization
Why we have two parties
why we don't have radical parties in the US
28
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
bond sales
sequestration
foreign banks
tax loopholes
29
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
Mapp v. Ohio
Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia
NAACP v. Alabama
30
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Impeachment
Taxation
Declare War
Approve treaties
31
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
32
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
18th
17th
20th
19th
33
What federal agency oversees all hiring, providing 3 candidates to the hiring agency?
The Office of Personnel Management
The Civil Service Commission
National Labor Relations Board
The Bureaucratic Management Agency
34
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
Furman v Georgia
Near v Minnesota
McCullough v. Maryland
Giibbons v. Ogden
35
The following compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except which one?
Slave Trade
Virginia Plan
3/5 Compromise
Connecticut
36
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
To raise money
to produce a party platform
To build enthusiasm
To select a candidate for the general election
37
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
the nightly news
interviews with media
tv ads
a poll
38
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
They generally quit before they can be fired
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
They cycle out after each presidential election
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
39
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
neutral competence
state of the union
bully pulpit
electoral mandate
40
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
required reporting of PAC contributions
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
eliminated the public funding option
41
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Legislative
The Bureaucracy
The Executive
The Judicial
42
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
43
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
farm subsidies are illegal
The federal government was regulating trade within states
the stock market must be reformed
government regulation is illegal
44
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The OMB
The White House Staff
The GOA
The Council on Economic Advisors
45
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it harder to get on the ballot
giving free tv time to candidates
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
making it easier to register to vote
46
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
vote
pray
assemble
free speech
47
All the following constitutionally "bind" states EXCEPT
full faith and credit clause
privileges and immunities protections
dual federalism
extradition
48
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being young
being wealthy
being educated
being female
49
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
the early states get too much attention
few people participate
the early states are not representative of the US population
it caters to low information voters
50
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
51
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became more protective of the president
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became apathetic towards the government
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
52
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
Neither
Senate
House
Both
53
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
Adam Smith
John Locke
Montesquieu
Thomas Hobbes
54
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
it is contentious
it is nonexistent
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
55
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
Tutle IX
Fuel Independence
The Equal Rights Amendment
Gay Rights
56
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
inform Congress about the state of the Union
hold a joint session of Congress
restate the oath
Give a speech
57
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
Miranda v. Arizona
Mapp v. Ohio
Gregg v. Georgia
NAACP v. Alabama
58
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Andrew Jackson
William McKinley
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
59
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
Senate
Both
House
Neither
60
You must prove you have been directly affected to prove that you have this in court
representation
legitimacy
jurisprudence
standing
61
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
gender
wealth
sexual orientation
religion
62
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that banned soft money
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
63
The United States government is accurately described as
a unitary federation
a democracy
a republic
an autocracy
64
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Employment Division v. Smith
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
Reed v. Reed
Harris v. Forklift Systems
65
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
They wanted a democracy
They feared a strong federal government
They felt the states were too powerful
66
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Gratz v. Bollinger
Grutter v. Bollinger
67
Another term for prior restraint is
censorship
arrest
subpoena
warrant
68
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
3/4
1/2
2/3
100%
69
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
70
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
The Executive Offices
the Vice President
White House Staff
The cabinet
71
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
policy elections
general elections
primaries
72
Most elected officials use this model of leadership
instructed delegate model
trustee model
agency model
politico model
73
If a legislature declares a whole group of people to be criminals, that is called a _______?
bill of attainder
de facto prosecution
ex post facto law
extradition
74
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Democratic
Republican
Whig
Dixiecrat
75
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
16th
18th
17th
19th
76
How many years must you have lived in the US to be President?
15 years
14 years
20 years
30 years
77
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
sequestration
impoundment
fiscal cliff
budget resolution
78
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
Senate
Both
Neither
House
79
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
instructed delegate model
trustee model
politico model
agency model
80
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Baker v. Carr
Shaw v Reno
McDonald v Chicago
Plessy v Ferguson
81
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Gideon v. Wainwright
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
82
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
tax loopholes
deficit spending
tax indexing
entitlements
83
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
84
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
hire lobbyists
testify
obtain standing
file amicus curiae briefs
85
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
86
What is the status of the constitutionality of the War Powers Resolution?
It has been upheld.
It is currently pending.
It has not been tested.
It has been struck down.
87
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
McCain v. BCRA
US v. Nixon
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
88
What case established it is constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Schenk v. the United States
Tinker v. DesMoines
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
89
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
90
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
91
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a debate between the two leading candidates
the writing of the party platform
candidate nomination
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
92
What case established broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
Miller v, California
93
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
5
4
6
7
94
Thanks to the 22nd amendment, the President is now inaugurated in this month.
March
January
February
December
95
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
issue networks
adminstrative discretion
regulation
due process
96
When does a federal judge leave office?
when they choose or die
After 5 years
after a no confidence vote
After 10 years
97
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Protect America Act
Patriot Act
Freedom Act
Wikileaks Act
98
House or Senate? Seniority is a factor is determining committee assignments.
House
Neither
Senate
Both
99
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
the President
legilslators
bureaucrats
interest groups
100
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
judicial activism
strict constructionism
due process
judicial restraint
101
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
there is a ballot
they are more common than caucuses
states have them on different dates
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
102
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the state's senators
the Supreme Court
the state's House Reps
the state's governor
103
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
expanded it / made bigger
it was inconsistent
it was unchanged
contracted it / made smaller
104
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the U.S. Congress
the Suoreme Court
the states
the voters through referendum
105
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all agents of socialization
They are all interest groups
They are all informal
They are all potential groups
106
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
religion
age
race
gender
107
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
inject new issues into the policy agenda
motivate more people to vote
make elections less volatile
safety valve for popular discontent
108
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
free exercise
the nuclear option
the filibuster
sequestration
109
The goal of the Graham-Rudman-Hollings act of the 1980s had what goal?
returning budget initiation to Congress
a deficit tied to the GDP
a balanced budget
passing a flat tax
110
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Republican
Democrat
111
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
district
federal
appellate
state
112
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
The Chief Justice
The Solicitor General
The Chief Magistrate
the U.S. Marshalls
113
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
passing laws
iron triangles
filing class action lawsuits
rule-making
114
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
115
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Democrat
Republican
116
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
They are longer but cheaper
They are shorter but more expensive
117
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Reed v. Reed
Shaw v. Hunt
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Shaw v. Reno
118
Franking is
a duty given to US elected officials
Illegal
a privilege granted to US elected officials
Unregulated
119
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
criminal
appellate
civil
justiceable
120
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Reed v. North Carolina
harris v. Forklift Systems
Shaw v. Reno
Craig v. Boren
121
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Bureaucracy
Judicial
Executive
Legislative
122
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Democrat
Republican
123
Who are the litigants in a case?
the lawyers
the judges
the plaintiff and defendent
the members of the jury
124
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Lawrence v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
Smith v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
125
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
liberal
conservative
126
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
they have become more informed
They have less trust in the governmnt
they have become more ideological
They have voted more often
127
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis accurate
may be ideal but isn't realistic
iis a requirement in a democracy
128
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
conservative
liberal
129
How many levels are the federal court system?
two
three
four
five
130
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a pen
a shovel
a light saber
a microphone
131
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you vote more
you get more conservative
You vote for Democrats
you attend to the news
132
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
They more reliably vote for the party
they have the most registered party members
they raise the most money for the party
they have a larger population
133
What is the President's primary role in national security?
Reprieves and pardons
Commander in Chief
Party Leader
UN Ambassador
134
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the district courts
the Supreme Court
the circuit courts
135
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Securities and Exchange
Interstate Commerce Commission
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Reserve
136
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
new federalism
fiscal federalism
dual federalism
cooperative federalism
137
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
the largest percentage of all candidates
50% +1
2/3 or 75%
100%
138
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
4 judges, law fairies
3 judges, witnesses
5 judges, juries
attorneys, judges
139
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
Germans and Italians should also be interned
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
140
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
Furman v. Georgia
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gregg v. Georgia
McClesky v. Kemp
141
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Republicans
Democrats
142
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They indicate the President's intentions
They need UN approval
They are binding for the next President
They need Senate approval
143
What is the only presidential foreign policy action that is self executing?
waging war
appointing ambassadors
executive agreements
diplomatic recognition
144
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
145
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the whole process takes one day
Only 12 states hold them
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
146
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They know a little about many subjects.
They favor military solutions in most cases.
They know a lot about a few subjects.
They have the most expansive powers.
147
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
low information
nature of the times
groups benefits
idealogues
148
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
149
What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?
naturalization
civil suits from those in different states over $75000
admiralty and maritime law
bankruptcy supervision
150
Presidential authority to strip out parts of bills without rejecting the whole bill is known as
discretionary spending
the pocket veto
the line item veto
ways and means
151
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
It is more in depth
it is shorter
It is nonexistent
It is longer
152
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
Christian
property owner
male
white
153
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the necessary and propoer clause
the due process clause
the elastic clause
the equal protection clause
154
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
how much people complain given how few vote
the success of our democracy given how little we know
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
155
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
devolution
extradition
Nixon's New Federalismj
nullification
156
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
All are written by the Chief Justice
they are either concurring or dissenting
They must be unaninmous
157
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
migrant workers
native americans
blacks
immigrants
158
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
a court order
an initiative was passed
the state legislative baody banned it
an executive order by the Governor
159
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
John Roberts
Warren Burger
Earl Warren
William Rehnquist
160
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
electors
delegates
party leaders
voters
161
To hold what federal office must you have been a citizen for 7 years?
U.S. Senator
U.S. Representative
U.S. President
U.S. Judge
162
This amendment clarified presidential succession should the President be ill but not dead.
24th
25th
23rd
26th
163
What is casework?
Preparation for committee hearings
research Congressional staffers do for committees
Constituent services
How a lawyer prepares for trial
164
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
categorical grants
enumerated powers
block grants
unfunded madates
165
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
medicare
education
defense
foreign aid
166
Over time, national party conventions have become less
predictable
fun
attended
contentious
167
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
The Conservative Era was over
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
politicians must take clear positions on issues
168
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Reynolds v. United States
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
169
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
170
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Smith and Wesson
Hearst and Pulitzer
Cooper and Flanigan
Raymour and Flanigan
171
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
patronage
providing government services
advertising
voter fraud
172
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
age
race
gender
sexual orientation
173
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
race
age
religion
gender
174
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
Teddy Roosevelt
Franklin Roosevelt
Richard Nixon
John Kennedy
175
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
24th
22nd
25th
23rd
176
This amendment ended slavery
15th
14th
13th
12th
177
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
the prevalence of sound bites
Internet ads
24 hour news channels
consolidation of news outlets
178
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Snyder v. Phelps
Texas v. Johnson
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Fisher v.University of Texas
179
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
white souitherners
blacks
the wealthy
unions
180
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
petitioning
voting
running for office
protest
181
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
coordinate campaigns
pick candidates
run polls on election day
articulate policies
182
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
183
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have elections more often
Their parties are more organized
They have more party cohesion
They have more parties
184
What is the purpose of a caucus in the House, Senate or made of both Reps and Senators?
To focus their collective energy of a specific area
To stop amendments
To iron differences out on controversial topics
To stop legislation
185
According to Max Weber, all of the following are characteristics of bureaucracies EXCEPT
division of labor
promotion based on merit
chain of command
reliance on technology
186
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
187
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Los Alamos
Guantanamo
San Quentin
Alcatraz
188
What case established that the government can regulate corporations under the commerce clause?
Sweatt v. Paint
Munn v. Illinois
Gibbons v. Ogden
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
189
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
190
The significance of campaign strategy
is that it sets the policy agenda
is often underestimated
is generally overstated
is that it typically converts voters
191
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
zoning
abortion
school
police
192
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
11th
10th
8th
12th
193
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
16th
12th
15th
10th
194
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
attend meetings
think they are in it
pay dues
195
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Miller v. California
Lemon v. Kutzman
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
196
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He "flipped" to the liberal side
He stepped down after 3 years
He "flipped" to the conservative side
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
197
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
capital punishment cases
between 2 or more states
between the US and states
between a state and a country
198
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
all war reporters are members of the military
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
199
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
deregulation
lobbying
hearings
approve appintments
200
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They opposed federal taxation
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
They feared a stronger federal power.
201
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gideon v. Wainwright
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Roe v. Wade
202
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
caucus
joint committee
conference committee
casework
203
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
shrink the # of courts
a veto war
executive order
a recess appointment
204
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
seniority in committee assignments
increased staff
support from interest groups
expanded budget authority
205
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
liberal
conservative
206
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
information management and mobilization
polling and policy positions
converting voters
patronage
207
The effect of iron triangles is typically
elitism
hyperpluralism
pluralism
socialism
208
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
lobbyists
more authority and bigger budgets
less red tape
endorsements
209
If an issue has high saliency it means
Lots of attention is being paid and it could swing votes
few people are paying attention
It has a short "shelf life"
Lots of people are paying attention but few care
210
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
attend meetings
register
think they are in it
pay dues
211
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
House
Both
Senate
Neither
212
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
the winner take all system
campaign funding laws
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
voter apathy
213
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
judicial activism
free exercise
original intent
inherent powers
214
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The Bean Counting Patrol
The Federal Reserve
The Congressional Budget Office
The General Accounting Office
215
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
Gibbons v. Ogden
Marbury v. Madison
Wickard v Filburn
McCullough v. Maryland
216
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
the internet
satellite tv
cable television
netflix
217
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
Blacks outnumber hispanics
the population is shifting to the south
We will soon be a majority minority nation
218
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
fundraising
voting
protesting
ticket-splitting
219
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they defer to the lower court ruling
they want to lower courts to retry it
they tied
they were unanimous
220
The purposes of government are discussed in what part of the Constitution?
The Preamble
The Introduction
The Bill of Rights
The Mutual Pledge
221
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article III
Article V
Article IV
Article VI
222
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
ERA v. Hunt
Craig v. Boren
Schaffley v. Hoke
Reed v. Reed
223
Which amendment banned alcohol in the U.S.?
19th
25th
21st
18th
224
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
reserved
enumerated
granted
federalism
225
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
founding the National Organization for Women
Starting Ms. Magazine
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
writing The Feminine Mystique
226
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
judge appointments
impeachment
file amicus curiae briefs
judicial review
227
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
declare war
veto
appointments
tax
228
An incumbent
is seeking office for the first time
has a hareder time raising money
has a 50% chance of being successful.
is running for re-election
229
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
Neither
Senate
Both
House
230
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but that have that affect are ok
Engel v. Vitale
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
Employment Division v. Smith
Barron v. Baltimore
231
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
press conference
newscast
politics
narrowcast
232
All the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
law enforcement
taxation
establishing courts
printing currency
233
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
234
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
conservative
liberal
235
All of the following are legislative bodies related to the budget process EXCEPT
The House Ways and Means Committee
Congressional Budget Office
The Senate Finance Committee
The Office of Management and Budget
236
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
treason charges
unlawful imprisonment
unlawful searches
quartering troops in your home
237
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
strong parties
primaries
the power of interest groups
short terms
238
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
23rd
21st
20th
22nd
239
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Reynolds v. United States
Griswold v. Connecticut
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
240
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being prepped for a debate
They are fiundraising
They are being nominated
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
241
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
accommodation
disability
exclusion
inaccessibility
242
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
It's not
Article III
Article VI
Article I
243
The two models of organization for White House Staff are hiearchical and
circular
flat
solar
wheel and spoke
244
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
The Gettysburg Address
The Constitution
Common Sense
The Declaration of Independence
245
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
Leaking information to the press
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
Electioneering during work hours
246
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
filibustering
polarization
electioneering
gerrymandering
247
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to debate policy openly
to officially nominate a candidate
to advertise the candidate
to energize the party faithful
248
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
women
migrant workers
hispanics
asians
249
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
the nominee is older
it is the end of the President's second term
The Senate and President are from different parties
the nominee is relatively unknown
250
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title XI
Title V
Title XX
Title IX
251
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to launch a campaign
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to see how high it will go without popping
to mend fences after a scandal
252
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. President
U.S. judges
U.S. Senators
U.S. Representatives
253
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
Article V
Article III
No part
Article II
254
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Roe v. Wade
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gideon v. Wainwright
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
255
Unstated powers that are logically delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
reserved
inherent
supremacy powers
enumerated
256
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
runaway spending
voter apathy
separation of powers
rapid passage of laws
257
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Populists
Whigs
Know Nothings
Dixiecrats
258
When is a party usually most cohesive in terms of voting as a bloc?
when declaring war
impeachment
leadership votes
domestic issues
259
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The Patriot Act
The Enduring Freedom Act
The War Powers Resolution
The Geneva Convention
260
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
required candidtes to take public funds
required reporting of income/spending
limited contributions
261
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
grandfather clauses
poll taxes
primaries
literacy tests
262
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
The Supreme Court
Circuit Courts
District Courts
Superior Courts
263
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
beat
leak
scandal
interview
264
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Democrats and Whigs
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Know Nothings and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
265
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
selective enforcement
executive agreements
executive orders
veto override
266
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
retiring officials that become lobbyists
legislation that has wide appeal
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
267
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
police officers & teachers
criminals
lawyers and judges
attorneys
268
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
all governments in the US
the state governments
only the executive power
only the federal government
269
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
voter perception
key word / phrasing polls
push polls
exit poLling
270
What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?
none of the above
Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue
Officials put their constituents before their party
Officials put party loyalty before their constituents
271
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
omnibus bills
government shutdowns
fiscal cliffs
authorization bills
272
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Democrat
Republican
Know Nothing
Whig
273
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
3 years
2 years
6 months
1 year
274
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Schenk v. the United States
Engel v. Vitale
Gitlow v. New York
275
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
declaring war
taxation bills
creating courts
treaty approval
276
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
They are inherently patriotic
they need access to government officials
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They might alienate viewers
277
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
libel in spoken and slander is written
slander is spoken and libel is written
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
278
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
judicial review
checks and balances
separation of power
limited government
279
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
foreign policy achievements
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
character ratings
economic indicators
280
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They raise most of the money
They know the election laws in that state
They provide endorsements
They do polling
281
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the party
the candidate
the bureaucracy
interest groups
282
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
283
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
division of labor
instructed delegate
politico
trustee
284
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
due process
due diligence
merit system
patronage
285
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
9
10
7
11
286
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
implied powers
limited government
elastic clause
supremacy clause
287
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
288
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
fiscal federalism
incumbency
concurrent powers
fiscal policy
289
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
Supreme and District
District and Appeals
Supreme and Appeals
District only
290
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
issue pardons
nominate officials
fill vacancies
execute the law
291
The distance between a law and implentation is called
administrative discretion
bureaucratic distance
slippage
appellate jurisdiction
292
Which of the following can the President do?
Declare war
veto laws
Initiate laws
Initiate constitutional amendments
293
What was the first form of mass media?
television
radio
telegraph
daily newspapers
294
What action is Congress's best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
legislation
regulations
impeachment
amendements
295
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
296
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
liberal
conservative
297
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
Income taxes
Fuel taxes
Corporate taxes
Tariffs
298
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Appropriations
Veteran's Affairs
Ethics
Energy and Commerce
299
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Military personnel make up the largest segment
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
300
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
direct democracy
no states would exist
more powerful states
more uniformity
301
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
the Preamble
The Declaration of Independence
The Bill of Rights
the 14th amendment
302
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Gitlow v. New York
303
What type of primary do political parties like best?
blanket
open
closed
unicameral
304
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Medicare
Social Security
Medicaid
305
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
306
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
open
closed
bicameral
blanket
307
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Americans With Disabilities Act
308
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
issue executive orders
eliminate agencies
reorganize budgets
appointments
309
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Federal Trade Commission
Securities and Exchange Commission
Federal Communications Commission
Public Broadcasting Corporation
310
How long do national party conventions typically last?
4 days
1 week
1 day
3 days
311
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
speedy and swift
slow and deliberate
through consesnsus
impossible
312
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of currency
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of sufficiency
313
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The House of Representatives
The Electoral College
The Senaste
The President
314
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article IV
Article I
Article II
Article III
315
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
popular person-based
issue / cause
revolutionary
splinter
316
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
a warrant
writ of certiori
oral argument
opinion
317
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
to tax
to create courts
to regulate interstate trade
negotiate treaties
318
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they increase campaign spending
they participate in debates
they are taking clear positions on issues
They are avoiding media attention
319
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
their donors can remain anonymous
they tend to support incumbents
They coordinate closely with their candidate
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
320
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
D.C. v Heller
Baker v Carr
Shaw v Reno
U.S. v. Lopez
321
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
they tend to be liberal
They focus on individuals
they focus on issues
They focus on odd/ unusual
322
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
political parties are involved in electioneering
political parties offer selective benefits
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
Parties have legislative goals
323
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the Congress
the President
the states
the courts
324
Teacher led prayers violate the
equal protectiion clause
no establishment clause
due process clause
free exercise clause
325
Empty question
326
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
H.W. Bush
Nixon
Reagan
Goldwater
327
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
they produce issue ads
they disclose the names of contributors
They are for profit taxable organizations
They coordinate closely with candidates
328
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
13th
14th
15th
12th
329
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
The CBO is a partisan organization
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
330
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
331
Across the board cuts that result when the budget process bogs down are called
regressive taxing
structural debt
sequestration
omnibus bills
332
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
editorials are held to a different standard
333
During the Clinton administration, government spending was addressed by "offsets" meaning
increased spending in one area must be offset by cuts
savings from making cuts are converted to tax cuts
estate taxes would be raised each time spending went up
department budgets would all be cut to zero and built back
334
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
U.S. v. Lopez
Marbury v. Madison
335
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Tinker v. DesMoines
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
336
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
House
Both
Senate
Neither
337
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to reward big fundraisers
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to rank and file party members would have a voice
338
According to the Constitution you must be at least 30 years old to hold what office?
U.S. President
U.S. Senator
U.S. Judge
U.S. Representative
339
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
elastic clause
the due process clause
the equal protection clause
the free exercise clause
340
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
checks and balances
limited government
judicial review
separation of powers
341
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
Both
House
Senate
Neither