What main two ways paid for exploration?

Family Banks, Joint Stock Companies

What characterisitics of ships improved them?

Axial/Sternpost Rudders, Caravels, Lateen Sails

Europeans established _______ ________ and trade networks through coercion and negotiation.

Overseas Empires, Trading Posts

Humanism with the added belief that one must be an active and contributing member to one's society

Civic Humanism, Societital Humanism

Which of the following were navigational instruments

Cross Staff, Astrolade, Compass

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AP EURO Unit 1 Test

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Study Guide for AP Euro Unit 1 Test -Learning goals and key terms/people

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Questions 99

Answers

1
The invention of the printing press helped spread the Renaissance beyond Italy + encouraged the growth of ___ literature
Secular
Religious
Vernacular
Humanist
2
Which is NOT a precursor to the deveolpment and begining of the Italian Renaissance? (Context)
Black Death
100 Years' War
Commercial Revolution
Great Schism
3
A more accurate map to determine nautical-flat scale
Portovani
Astrolabe
Compass
Mercator Map
4
Rulers that led spain/worked to strengthen royal control/embodied power of the state/controlled catholic church
Charles VII
Francis I
Henry VII and Elizabeth
Ferdinand and Isabelle
5
the________ served to consolidate power in the monarchy of the newly unified Spanish kingdom
Concordat of Bologna
Reconquista
Encomienda
Spanish Inquisition
6
Determines angle between horizon and celestial body
Caravel
Compass
Cross Staff
Astrolabe
7
An artist who paints for the King of England
Hans Holbein
Petrarch
Lorenzo de Valla
Portolani
8
The struggle for sovereignty within and among states resulted in varying degrees of political ___________.
Consistency
Centralization
Separation
Disparity
9
_________ change produced new social patterns, while traditions of hierarchy and status continued
Political
Economic
Cultural
Social
10
Artists: later, he would have a religious conversion that made him regret focusing so much on pagan gods and goddesses
Gutenburg
Botticelli
Pazan
Pico
11
__________ ,for some, it served as a justification for the subjugation of indigenous civilizations.
Centralized Power
Encomienda
State Power
Christianity
12
Renaissance Artist: Painted the Sistine Chapel and The School of Athens
Medici
Raphael
Fugger
Gutenburg
13
What main two ways paid for exploration?
Explorers paid for themselves
Family Banks
Stock Exchange
Joint Stock Companies
14
The Italian Renaissance was the rediscovery of what?
Christianity
War
Greek and Roman texts
Monarchies
15
Attempts of landlords to increase their revenues by restricting/abolishing the traditional rights of peasants led to ___
Expansion
Nothing
Revolt
Peace
16
Renaissance man who worked for Henry VIII-Wrote Utopia (meaning no where)Based on Plato’s Republic, Religious toleration
Petrarch
Michel de Montaigne
Desiderius Erasmus
St. Thomas More
17
The rise of _____ gave the state a new role in promoting commercial development and the acquisition of colonies overseas
Humanism
Capitalism
New Monarchies
Merchantilism
18
European states sought direct access to gold, spices, and luxury goods to enhance personal wealth and ___________
Merchantilism
State Power
Capitalism
Church Power
19
Bank located in the netherlands-funded exploration-stock exchanges
Bank of London
Bank of Amsterdam
Joint Stock Company
Family Banks
20
A woman who governed and learned Greek and Latin
Isabelle
Battista Sforza
Laura Cereta
Elizabeth
21
Portugeuse () who promoted the study of navigation and directed voyages of exploration down the western coast of Africa
Prince Henry the Navigator
De Gama
Cabral
Diaz
22
Agreement that spilt the Americas between Spain and Portugal but accidently gave portugal a little bit of South America
Asiento
Star Chamber
Treaty of Tordesillas
Encomiendo
23
What happened to the prestige of the Church after the Great Schism?
Stayed the same
Decreased
Increased
24
What characterisitics of ships improved them?
Axial/Sternpost Rudders
Caravels
Lateen Sails
Higher booms
25
Europe’s colonial expansion led to a global exchange of goods, and expansion of ____________
State Power
Slave Trade
Trading Post
Triangular Trade
26
Wrote The Prince: Stating 1)Art of War 2)Ends justify means 3)Fear > Loved
Castiglione
Donatello
Giovanni
Machiavelli
27
Wages going up ...
Wages weren't going up
Wages going down
And keeping up
But not keeping up
28
Europeans established _______ ________ and trade networks through coercion and negotiation.
Slave trade
Religious ideas
Overseas Empires
Trading Posts
29
Monarchs, including the English rulers _____ + _____ initiated religious reform in an effort to exercise greater control
Henry VIII and Elizabeth I,
Ferdinand and Isabelle
Henry VII and Henry VIII
Charles VII and Louis XI
30
Invention used to make sailing increase speed and go windward
Caravel
Lateen Sails
Axial Rudder
Sternpost Rudder
31
a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th–17th centuries.
Caravel
Lateen Sails
Astrolabe
Portolani
32
Established direct trade throughout Asia- richer and more powerful than England's company
Dutch East India Company
Joint Stock Companies
British East India Company
Family Banks
33
the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region:
Ascetics
Secular
Anti-seticism
Vernacular
34
Famous artists- sculpted David (Out of an abandoned piece of marble)
Michelangelo
Petrarch
Leonardi Bruni
Lorenzo Valla
35
_________ was a stimulus for exploration as governments and religious authorities sought to spread the faith
Humanism
Exploration
Christianity
New Monarchies
36
Who gained power in the 100 Years' War?
Lower Class
Noble men
Foot Soldiers
Middle Class
37
A monopoly contract between Spanish Crown and merchants for the right to provide African slaves to colonies in New World
Encomienda
Treaty of Tordesillas
Assiento
Reconquista
38
The new concept of the __ state + ___ systems of law played a central role in the creation of new political institutions
Sovereign and Caste
Sovereign and Secular
Centralized and Caste
Centralized and Secular
39
Some Renaissance humanists furthered the values of ________ and _________.
Antisemitism and Mercantilism
Secularism and Individualism
Secularism and Realism
Humanism and Individualism
40
A female scholar of the classics-wrote a piece so good people believed a man must have written it
Isabella d'Este
Queen Isabelle
Battista Sforza
Laura Ceceta
41
Spanish System: Native Americans would be used for labor in return for enlightenment of catholicism and protection
Slave Trade
Encomienda
Reconquista
Asiento
42
An agreement between Francis I and the pope that gave both of them power
Concordant of Bologna
Las Casas
Battista Sforza
Treaty of Tordesillas
43
Humanism with the added belief that one must be an active and contributing member to one's society
Civic Humanism
Religious Humanism
Anti-Humanism
Societital Humanism
44
System with Spanish at the top and Native Americans at the bottom
Caste System
Reconquista
Encomienda
Hierarchy
45
Renaissance artists :1st freestanding nude sculpture since classical antiquity; David
Filippo Brunelleschi
Donatello
Gutenberg
Lorenzo Valla
46
The ___ contributed to the expansion of the market economy through the commercialization of agriculture
Commercial revolution
Triangular trade
Columbian exchange
Price Revolution
47
European nations were driven by commercial and religious ________ to explore overseas territories and establish colonies
Motives
Means
Rules
Discovery
48
Rulers and popes concerned with enhancing their prestige ___ paintings and architectural works based on classical styles
Created
Banned
Supported
Commisioned
49
Native Americans used as labor in return for enlightenment and protection-Otherwise known as the __________
Caste System
Encomienda System
Reconquista
Treaty of Tordesillas
50
Which of the following were navigational instruments
Cross Staff
Astrolade
Compass
Telescope
51
_____ used historical criticism to discredit an 8th c. document- a religious text wasn't written in Christ time
Lorenzo Valla
Christine de Pizan
Petrarch
Battista Sforza
52
The competition for trade created ____ and ____ in the 17-18th centuries
Power and Empires
Tension and war
Debate and war
Treaties and Laws
53
_____ established colonies across the Americas the Caribbean, and the Pacific which made ( ) a dominant state in Europe
The Spanish
The French
The Dutch
The Italians
54
a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state EX: Milan, Venice, Florence, Papal, Napals/Sicily
Countires
Empires
Italy
City States
55
Devoted most of his life to protecting NA peoples from exploitation-created a law, which limited Spanish control over NA
Las Casas
Cabral
Diaz
De Gama
56
Christian humanism, embodied in the writings of _____, employed Renaissance learning in the service of religious reform.
Van Eyck
Pico
Eramus
Petrarch
57
Period of great cultural change- began in Italy during the 14-16th c., the change from Mediaval -> Early Modern Europe
Mediaval Renaissance
Northern Renaissance
Italian Renaissance
High Renaissance
58
Price Revolution: What caused inflation?
Population growth
High Tariffs
Wages going up
More bullion
59
Invention to help turns and to stay on course
Lateen Sails
Guns/Cannons
Sternpost rudders
Caravel
60
Extension of the Italian Renaissance to Europe; it took on a more religious nature than the Italian Renaissance
Italian Renaissance
Northern Renaissance
Christian Renaissance
High Renaissance
61
Invention that help countries conquer land easier
Caravel
Lateen
Axial Rudders
Guns/Gunpowder
62
France and England competed against ___ and ____ for land in the New World
Dutch and Italians
Spain and Portugal
Spain and Dutch
Portugal and Dutch
63
The invention of the _____________ promoted the dissemination of new ideas.
Printing press
Humanism
Compass
Realism
64
Artist: St. Peter's BasillicaOne of largest, most ornate spaces ever,Pope Julius II commissioned it
St. Thomas More
Laura Cereta
Christine de Pizan
Filippo Brunellschi
65
First to divide history into 3 actions: ancient, medieval, modern
Jacob Burkhardi
Leonardi Brundi
Urbino
Van Eyck
66
Spanish for "conqueror" - soldier who participated in conquest of indigenous peoples of Latin America EX: Hernan Cortes
Encomiendo
Reconquista
Conquistador
Asiento
67
The _______ established a commercial network along the African coast, in South and East Asia, and in South America
English
French
Portugeuse
Spanish
68
What is the Great Schism?
No popes
2 popes then 3 popes
The 5 city-states split
Europe split into 2 religions
69
What were the main reasons for exploration?
Glory
Gold
God
Gain
70
An Italian Courtier - who wrote about how to be a courtier
Erasmus
Castiglione
Durer
Botticelli
71
Everything intentionally and unintentionally traded exchanged and culturally adapted everywhere
Columbian Exchange
Triangular Trade
Slave Trade
Trading Posts
72
Europeans __________ and settled overseas territories, encountering and interacting with indigenous populations.
Explored
Fought
Centralized
Conversed
73
Centuries long "reconquest" of spain from the muslims-culminated w/ the conquest of the last muslim stronghold, granada
Asiento
Enconmiendo
Treaty of Tordesillas
Reconquista
74
A national bank that funded exploration. Located in London-beginning of stock exchanges
National Bank
Bank of Amsterdam
Joint Stock Company
Bank of London
75
Where did the Black Death start?
Milan, Italy
Portugal
France
Florence, Italy
76
A Humanists, ________, promoted a revival in classical literature+created new philological approaches to ancient texts
Petrarch
Donatello
Filippo Brunelleschi
Leonardi Brundi
77
the principle of separation of the state from religious institutions:
Vernacular
Anti-seticism
Anti-Christ
Secularism
78
Classics AND wanted to fuse christian virtues and classical ideals- moral/institutional reform rather than individualism
Roman Humanism
Northern Renaissance
Christian Humanism
Secular Humanism
79
Powerful family that basically ran the government from behind the scenes
The Medici
Henry's six wives
Isabelle and Ferdinand
The Valla Family
80
Who fought in the 100 Years' War?
England Vs. Spain
Italy Vs. France
France Vs. England
Spain Vs. Portugal
81
Helped to determine cardinal direction
Astrolabe
Caravel
Cross Staff
Compass
82
A female leader who established courts, a library and ruled effectively
Isabelle d'Este
Queen Elizabeth
Battista Sforza
Laura Cereta
83
A secret English court used to deal with aristocrats who threatened royal power-by Henry VII of England-no jury
Star Chamber
Treaty of Tordesillas
Portolani
Reconquista
84
An Italian Renaissance nobleman and philosopher. Wrote Oration-Man has a choice between heaven and hell. Man is the best
Leonardo Bruni
Lorenzo Valla
Castiglione
Pico della Mirandola
85
the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.
Slave Passage
Triangular Trade
Trading post
Middle Passage
86
An artists who painted himself to see what he can do-he painted himself as Jesus
Donatello
Botticello
Durer
Pico
87
_____ laid the foundation for the centralized modern state by establishing monopolies on tax collection (Wanted Control)
Macchiavelli
Roman Catholic Church
New Monarchies
Merchants
88
Joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism-controlled life in India for 200+ yrs
British East India Company
Joint Stock
Dutch East India Company
Stock Exchanges
89
was an Italian poet and court writer for King Charles VI of France and several French dukes.
Christine de Pizan
Lorenzo Valla
Petrarch
Pico
90
A revival of ____________ led to new methods of scholarship and new values in both society and religion.
Art
Religion
War
Classical Texts
91
An Artist: The Arnolfini Portrait,
Van Eyck
Erasmus
Petrarch
Prince Henry the Navigator
92
Determines the lattitude
Astrolabe
Cross Staff
Caravel
Compass
93
Invented the printing press
Gutenburg
St. Thomas More
Lorenzo de Valla
Battista Sforza
94
The exchange of new plants/animals/diseases, _________, in some cases facilitated European mistreatment of native people
Triangular Trade
Columbian Exchange
95
The ____ incorporated the new ideas of the Renaissance and were used to promote personal, political, and religious goals
Political Centralization
Exploration
Visual Arts
Classical Texts
96
The 100 Years' War actually lasted 100 years?
True
False
97
When slaves are taken from the African coast- they position becomes
Free
Non-existent
Flexible
Permanent
98
European society and the experiences of everyday life were increasingly shaped by commercial and __________ capitalism
Societal
Economic
Agricultural
Growing
99
Europeans derived their livelihood from agriculture, but economic changes began to alter ______ production and power
Urban
Rural

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