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Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics
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1
_____ can form when molten rock in the Earth’s mantle burns through the crust.
composite volcanoes
hot spot volcanoes
cinder cone volcanoes
fault block mountains
2
The type of tectonic plate boundary involving a collision between two tectonic plates is...
normal.
convergent.
divergent.
transform.
3
The part of the Earth that is a liquid is the...
crust.
outer core.
mantle.
inner core.
4
If a seismograph detects S waves very quickly after it detects P waves, then the earthquake was...
nearby.
far away.
very strong.
very weak.
5
The ____ is made of solid rock that flows very slowly.
mesosphere
lithosphere
outer core
asthenosphere
6
The soft layer of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere move is called the...
asthenosphere.
outer core.
mesosphere.
inner core.
7
Long undersea mountain chains that form at divergent boundaries are called...
subduction zones.
mid-ocean ridges.
hot spots.
mantle plumes.
8
Lava that is very runny probably...
has a low silica content.
is hotter than most lava.
comes from explosive volcanoes.
has been cooled below the surface.
9
In the diagram below, which of the following has formed at A?
a mid-ocean ridge
none of the above
a transform boundary
an ocean trench
10
The type of fault that often results when rocks are pushed together by compression is called a...
strike-slip fault.
fault block.
reverse fault.
normal fault.
11
Which of the following appears to cause movement of Earth's tectonic plates?
convection currents below the lithosphere
faults in mountain ranges
energy from volcanic activity
magnetic-pole reversals
12
When two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally, the boundary between them is called a...
convergent boundary.
transform boundary.
subduction zone.
divergent boundary.
13
The type of fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the foot wall is called...
reverse.
normal.
fault block.
strike-slip.
14
Which of the following is not evidence to support the theory of sea-floor spreading?
The discovery of pillow lava at the mid-ocean ridge
Earthquakes and volcanoes usually always occur near plate boundaries.
Iron mineral grains magnetized in opposite directions.
Rocks nearer the mid-ocean ridges are younger than rocks further away.
15
The strong, lower part of the mantle that lies beneath the asthenosphere is called the...
mesosphere.
inner core.
lithosphere.
outer core.
16
Where are volcanoes most likely to form?
near the center of continents
in deep canyons
along plate boundaries, especially subduction zones.
in mountainous areas
17
Continental (folded) mountain ranges are usually associated with...
divergent boundaries.
convergent boundaries.
normal boundaries.
transform boundaries.
18
A type of fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the foot wall is called a...
reverse fault.
fault block.
normal fault.
strike-slip fault.
19
Fossils of Lystrosaurus have been found in Antarctica, India, and South Africa. This suggests that these areas were once
connected to one another.
covered by oceanic crust.
made of the same chemical elements.
home to a wide variety of organisms.
20
Which point in the illustration represents the focus of the earthquake?
point A
point D
point C
point B
21
Which of the following is a type of volcano that is made entirely of pyroclastic material (cinders, ash, etc.)?
a shield volcano
a cinder cone volcano
a composite volcano
a stratovolcano
22
Most earthquakes occur along or near the edges of the Earth's
tectonic plates.
rivers.
oceans.
continents.
23
In the diagram below, which of the following has formed at B?
none of the above
a folded mountain
a volcanic mountain
a fault-block mountain
24
The type of magma that often produces a violent eruption can be described as...
thin due to low silica content.
thin due to high silica content.
thick due to high silica content.
thick due to low silica content.
25
Sea-floor spreading occurs at which type of plate boundary?
all of the above
a transform boundary
a divergent boundary
a convergent boundary
26
The outermost, rigid layer of the Earth is called the...
outer core.
lithosphere.
mesosphere.
asthenosphere.
27
Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest?
an S wave
an L wave
a P wave
a surface wave
28
Molten rock material that has reached the Earth’s surface is called _____.
silica
crust
lava
magma
29
Which of the following statements concerning magnetic reversal is NOT true?
Magnetic reversals are recorded in rocks on the ocean floor.
none of the above
The north and south magnetic poles have reversed many times in the past.
Iron mineral grains in rock on the ocean floor all point the same direction
30
What type of mountain is the only one that is formed by adding new material to the Earth's surface?
volcanic
normal
folded
fault-block
31
Which of the following is a type of volcano that is formed by runny lava?
a composite volcano
a stratovolcano
a shield volcano
a cinder cone volcano
32
The
solid
, dense center of our planet is called the
asthenosphere.
outer core.
mesosphere.
inner core.
33
A ____ fault often results when opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally.
reverse
block
normal
strike-slip
34
Which type of lava erupts and cools underwater, forming rounded lumps?
pahoehoe
aa
blocky lava
pillow lava
35
Magma that reaches the Earth's surface may form ____ mountains.
fault-block
all
volcanic
subducted
36
The liquid layer that lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core is called the...
outer core.
lithosphere.
mesosphere.
asthenosphere.
37
Which layer of the Earth is made up of tectonic plates?
core
asthenosphere
lithosphere
mesosphere
38
Trenches are formed at ____ plate boundaries.
divergent
strike-slip
transform
convergent
39
The ____ is divided into tectonic plates.
mesosphere
asthenosphere
outer core
lithosphere
40
What is the minimum number of seismograph stations that is necessary to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
one
three
two
four
41
Which of the following was NOT used as evidence to support the theory of continental drift?
the similarity of fossils found on continental coasts
the existence of convection currents
the close fit of continental coastlines
the matching of glacial grooves on different continents
42
The type of fault that often results when rocks are pulled apart due to tension is called a...
fault block.
normal fault.
strike-slip fault.
reverse fault.
43
Earth's oceanic crust is ____ than the continental crust.
thinner but denser
thicker and denser
thicker but less dense
thinner and less dense
44
When two tectonic plates move away from one another, the boundary between them is called a...
subduction zone.
divergent boundary.
convergent boundary.
transform boundary.
45
The ancient continent that contained all the landmasses is called...
Laurasia.
Pangaea.
Gondwana.
Panthalassa.
46
Which of the following theories states that new ocean floor is continuously being created at the mid-ocean ridges?
Plate Tectonics
Continental Drift
Magnetic Reversal
Sea-Floor Spreading
47
In the diagram below, which type of boundary is occurring at A?
a transform boundary
a strike-slip boundary
a convergent boundary
a divergent boundary
48
Strike-slip faults occur along ____ plate boundaries
transform
convergent
divergent
transcontinental
49
The type of tectonic plate boundary that sometimes has a subduction zone is...
divergent.
convergent.
transform.
normal.
50
Which point in the illustration represents the epicenter of the earthquake?
point A
point D
point C
point B
