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BHS 2nd Semester 2nd Semester APHG Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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BHS 2nd Semester 2nd Semester APHG Final Review
BHS 2nd Semester 2nd Semester APHG Final Review
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1
What caused the rapid population growth in megacities throughout the developing world?
The natural increase rate
A decline in the death rate
Interregional migration
the decline in the dependency ratio
2
The internet has reshaped traditional economic arrangements by
making central business districts even more important.
importance of rail over truck transportation.
expanding importance of express package delivery systems.
bringing consumers & producers into face-to-face contact.
3
A primate city is more that twice the size of any other city in a country and
dominant economically and culturally.
always also the national capital.
much larger than the cities in any neighboring country.
always located in the center of its country.
4
International company headquarters, significant financial functions &polarized social structure
World Cities
Primate cities
Forward capitals
Edge Cities
5
The cultural landscape is the outcome of interactions btw humans & their natural environment,
according to Alfred Weber
according to Harm de Blij
according to Johann von Thunen
according to Carl Sauer
6
In the US and Canada, what areal unit best approximates a city neighborhood in size?
a census tract
a metropolitan area
a municipality
a congressional district
7
A formal cultural region differs from other regions in that it
has internal uniformity
applies to only linguistic and religion regions
is one that people believe exists
has a node
8
Swahili in Africa is an example of a
creole language
pidgin language
lingua franca
official continental language
9
Cultural ecology studies the
interactions btw human societies and physical environment
relationships between language and land use
interactions between places and space
relationships btw politics and policy
10
Prior to 1850, the location of all major North American was related chiefly, to the presence of
transcontinental highways.
railroad junctions.
navigable waterways.
defensive sites.
11
Which country below consumes the most fossil fuels per capita?
China
Japan
India
United States
12
Which is NOT part of the definition of a "state"?
permanent resident population
political sovereignty & legitimacy
defined boundaries
common language
13
Which below is the most open border?
North Korea-South Korea
Us-Canada (NAFTA)
India-Pakistan
Netherlands-Belgium (EU)
14
Which best describes urban planning in US?
Directed by state gov'ts thru regional standards.
Following standards est. by international organizations
Imposed by federal government thru national standards
Accomplished thru local ordinances governing land use
15
The number of functions in a central place is dependent on all of the following EXCEPT the
population of the central place
total number of central places in an urban system
population of the market area
distance to a place with similar functions
16
Philippines is an example of which of the following states?
perforated
compact
prorupted
fragmented
17
The "Four Tigers" of East & SE Asia include
Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan
Japan, Philippines, South Korea, Vietnam
China, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand
China, Indonesia, Japan and Taiwan
18
Weight-losing raw materials are usually manufactured
close to consumers.
through agglomeration with similar factories
near the raw materials sites.
using ubiquitous raw materials.
19
Rank-size rule-if the largest city in a country has a pop of 8 million, next largest city will
have 1 million people
have 4 million people
have 16 million people
have 7 million people
20
Rostow's model is concerned with
Economic development
Dependency ratio
Neocolonialism
Core-periphery relations
21
The EU, UN, and Arab League are all examples of
federations
supranational organizations
centrifugal organizations
free trade zones
22
All have played a major role in rapid growth of the Sun Belt cities EXCEPT
increasing demand for retirement & resort centers
immigration from Latin America
cheap land and labor
climatic changes leading to colder northern winters
23
In the US, the largest concentrations of Amish are found in
Pennsylvania, Ohio & Indiana
Rhode Island, New York & West Virginia
Minnesota, Michigan & Illinois
Tennessee, Arkansas, and Kentuck
24
A clustering of doctor's offices&pharmacies near hospitals is BEST explained by the benefits of
intervening opportunities.
agglomeration.
Balkanization.
decentralization.
25
Weber's analysis of location seeks to
evaluate the impact of 1 factor of production on location.
minimize costs among multiple inputs of production.
examine industr. economies w/predictable spatial patterns.
analyze postindus. economies w/predictable spatial patterns.
26
Popular culture tends to have
small homogeneous groups.
indigenous groups.
large heterogeneous groups.
groups living in isolated areas.
27
Which is NOT one of the five original urban hearth regions?
Mesopotamia
Indus Valley
Mexico
France
28
Which if listed correctly from largest to smallest?
County, nation-state, province, empire
empire, nation-state, county, province
Province, empire, nation-state, county
empire, nation-state, province, county
29
Which is NOT a centrifugal force of a state?
Linguistic homogeneity
fragmented territorial base
Uneven development
substate nationalism
30
Economic complementaries between two places tend to reflect when
only the resource bases are different
each place specializes in commodities demanded by the other
there is a maximization of scale.
the places specialize in the same commodities
31
Which is positively correlated with GDP?
IMR
RNI
Distance from Greenwich meridian
Carbon dioxide emission per capita
32
A fundamental different btw. folk and popular culture is that folk culture
sets a minority group apart from region's general population
loses its distinctive characteristics as crosses boundaries
is adaptive to change over time
tends to diffuse rapidly across geographic space
33
Which country has experienced an economic boom due to tar sands being declared reserved energy?
Canada
Saudi Arabia
Venezuela
Nigeria
34
Which is a shatterbelt region?
South America
Western Europe
Siberia
Eastern Europe
35
Disputes over political boundaries in the Arctic Ocean & North Pole include
multiple countries having indigenous people at North Pole
multiple countries claim right to extract natural resources
which country planted flag at North Pole first
none, it is considered international land like Antarctica
36
Quaternary economic activities are those that
transform raw materials into finished products
involve the collection, processing, and manipulation of info
involve the exchange of goods and the provision of services
extract natural resources from the environment
37
The provisions of the UNCOLS gave coastal navigational&economic sovereignty over which zone?
200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ)
Export processing zone (EPZ)
12-nautical-mile territorial sea zone
Empowerment zone
38
Which of the following is true of popular culture?
It is more static than folk culture.
It spreads mainly by relocation diffusion.
It incorporates traits that diffuse quickly to many places.
It promotes regional diversity.
39
Starting in the 1960s, many African countries' farmland was leased to foreign investors&gov'ts
through decolonialization.
in a practice called neocolonialism.
using Pan-Africanism.
under a policy of imperialism.
40
Which of the following religions is appropriately matched with its region of origin?
Islam-Egypt
Buddhism-India
Judaism-Spain
Christianity-Germany
41
Most Latin American cities are focused on a
central plaza
squatter settlement
skyscraper office building
zone of heavy industry
42
The copper industry is
bulk-gaining.
dependent on dry climate conditions.
attracted to low-cost migrant labor.
bulk-reducing.
43
Intervening opportunities cause
rank-size rule cities to become primate cities.
time-space compression.
land prices close to the CBD to be high.
immigrants to stop before they get to planned destinations.
44
Most of the US and Canadian population lives in
metropolitan areas.
rural non-farming areas.
central cities.
farming areas.
45
Core-periphery models are based on the idea that
econ&social heart of state will be at its geographic center
there is sharp contrast btw econ hinterlands & lower areas
all world regions are equally well developed.
core countries haven't developed due to peripheral countries
46
Political geographers consider which of the following as the core area of the US?
Chicago-Detroit area
Atlanta-Birmingham area
New York-Washington DC area
Los Angles-San Francisco area
47
Which came most recently in US retailing?
Shopping Mall
"Big Box" Superstore
General Store & Post Office
Downtown Business District
48
India is a preferable location to China for international consumer services because of
the English language legacy of British colonialism in India
low levels of education in China
the large amounts of mineral resources found in China.
India's govt is neutral in global political affairs
49
Which refers to the size and functional complexity of cities?
multiplier effect
threshold ratio
urban hierarchy
sector model
50
The sector model is highly influenced by
transportation patterns.
the location of the CBD.
transition areas.
the interaction of the central city & the suburbs.
51
French influence on land division in the US and Canada resulted in
a long-lot system
the township and range survey system
nucleated villages
metes and bounds system
52
Which is a footloose industry that is not connected to one specific location?
steel
furniture
computer chip
winemaking
53
Which is NOT a reason for rapid suburbanization in the US after WWII?
mass reproduction of the automobile
expansion of home constuction
reduction in long-distance commuting
availability of low down payment terms & long-term mortgages
54
What is a disadvantage of hydroelectric power?
Its generators are more expensive to purchase and maintain.
It creates much air pollution.
It can alter the ecosystems above/below the dam site.
Its water needs to be chemically treated.
55
A manufacturing company merges w/another company that possesses forward or backward links
economies of scale
agglomeration
vertical integration
transnational corporation
56
Which of the following is an ethnic religion?
Islam
Buddhism
Judaism
Roman Catholicism
57
Which of the following is NOT a federal state?
Australia
France
United States
Mexico
58
According to Christaller central place model, which would have the smallest range?
A professional football stadium
A university
A grocery story
An international airport
59
Odd shaped Congressional districts are mostly likely the result of
decentralization.
county boundaries.
gerrymandering.
amalgamation.
60
World-wide women are paid _______ men.
equal to
unevenly when compared to
less than
more than
61
What is a food desert?
The agricultural issues associated with deserts
An area that has no access to grocery stores within a mile
A method for growing food in desert climate zones
Any area with commercial farming
62
Which resource is used to produce the largest amount of electricity in the US?
Coal imported
Natural gas drilled in US & imported
Coal mined in US
Oil drilled in US & imported
63
Gullah language is a spoken language which combines English & African dialects. Gullah is a
Language Family
Lingua Franca
Creolized Language.
Sino-Tibetan dialect.
64
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Hinduism?
It uses human and animal images in scared spaces.
Pilgrims bathe in holy rivers.
It is an universalizing religion.
Religious functions mostly take place at home with family.
65
What had brought foreign visitors & $ to Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nepal and Belize?
Offshore banking
Vacation cruising
Casino gambling
Ecotourism
66
All have helped to create ghettos in North America EXCEPT
concentrations of public housing and social services
redlining by financial institutions
economic enterprise zones
blockbusting
67
New urbanism includes
transit-oriented development.
zero growth development.
multiuse development,pedestrianfriendly design&front porches
redlining.
68
Toponyms in southern California reflect
the significance of location theory.
the growing influence of globalization.
the importance of time-space convergence.
the cultural heritage of the settlers.
69
According to the sector model, where do members of low-income groups tend to live?
linear residential areas radiating from the city outward
the inner city only
evenly dispersed throughout the urban area
suburbs and rural areas only
70
Spread of the use of chopsticks into SE Asia with the influx of Chinese immigrants shows
stimulus diffusion
acculturation
relocation diffusion
hierarchal diffusion
71
Iceland is a
theocracy.
enclave.
nation-sate.
absolute monarchy.
72
All of the following countries have been divided in their recent history EXCEPT
Japan
Korea
Ireland
Gemany
73
Canadian PRAIRIES barns were first build with
stones
logs
sod & thatch
plywood
74
Which of the following areas has the greatest linguistic fragmentation?
Quebec
Argentina
Caucasus
Scandinavia
75
Land parcels in the Midwest tend to rectilinear because
English settlers replicated landscape patterns from England.
of the federal land survey pattern.
there were no mountains or rivers to use as boundaries.
of the Native American settlement patterns.
76
Which of these Latin America countries has a forward capital?
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Argentina
77
Today, the greatest number of urban dwellers is found in
Europe
Africa
North American
Asia
78
Which fostered the most significant economic growth by eliminating tariffs btw member states?
European Union (EU)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
United Nations (UN)
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
79
A pilgrim to Varanasi in India is most likely to be
Hindu
Buddhist
Jewish
Muslim
80
The hearth of the world's 3 major monotheistic religions is
East Asia
Western Europe
Southwest Asia
South Asia
81
In the new global economy, an increasing # of financial decision are being made in
national capitals due to increasing importance of states
the informal sector
the fields, close to the source of agricultural production
major corporate centers like NYC, London & Tokyo
82
The term Balkanization refers to the
fragmentation of region into smaller units
spread of Slavic languages
industrial growth in less-developed nations
military and economic alliance of a group of countries
83
Which type of urban land use is common on the periphery of cities in Latin America?
A plaza surrounded by a central business district
Upper-class residential development
Rail transportation sectors
Residential squatter settlements
84
What country did US help create in early 20th century to facilitate oceanic commerce?
Costa Rice
Nicaragua
Panama
Vanezuela
85
Which pair of European countries had the most African colonies in 1914?
Britain and France
Germany and Italy
Portugal and Spain
Austria and Hungary
86
Which religion-country pair is NOT correct?
Ireland - Judaism
Iran - Shitte
Indonesia - Sunni
India - Hindi
87
Contact zones btw religions are most volatile when they are
made up of 3 or more religious beliefs
inhabited by 2 major groups with different religious beliefs
also language contact zones
associated with competing ethnonational claims to territory
88
Indo-European, Germanic, English, Midland-Northern shows sequence of
urban hierarchies.
religious groups.
folk culture to popular culture.
a language family to dialect.
89
Cultural landscape is closest to the meaning of which of the following?
environmental determinism
cultural econolgy
nonmaterial culture
build environment
90
Which environmental problem is linked to CFCs in spray cans, refrigerators, and plastic foam?
acid rain
Ozone depletion
Greenhouse effect
smog