Which of the following is NOT true about subatomic particles?

Protons and electrons make up the atomic mass

What do the arrows indicate about this buffer reaction?

The reactions can occur in either direction

How are electron shells organized?

2 e- in the first shell, 8 e- in each shell following, After the first shell, the octet rule applies to the shells

How are polar covalent bonds different from nonpolar covalent bonds?

Polar = unequal electron sharing, Nonpolar = equal sharing

What occurs when water dissociates?

Produces equal amounts of H+ and OH- ions

When taking an antacid for stomach pains, what does the antacid do?

It's a base & can absorb H+ ions to raise the pH-neutralize

If you increase the concentration of H+ ions in a solution, what occurs?

pH lowers, solution becomes more acidic

Isotopes are made from atoms with that same atomic number but different...

atomic mass (number of neutrons)

Why does solid water float rather than sink?

Water molecules expand as they freeze, lowering the density

Which best describes cohesion?

Water molecules are attracted to each other by hydrogenbonds

What is the purpose of a buffer?

To raise/lower H+ concentration & stabilize pH (homeostasis)

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Adv Bio Ch. 2 Basic Chemistry of Life

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Review for Adv Bio Ch. 2 Test on Basic Chemistry of Life (Elements, Bonding, Properties of Water, and pH)

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Questions 20

Answers

1
An element's atomic number is defined by the number of...
Atoms
Electrons
Protons
Neutrons
2
Which of the following is NOT true about subatomic particles?
Protons and electrons make up the atomic mass
Electrons are negatively charged, found in the "cloud"
Protons are positively charged, found in nucleus
Neutrons have no charge, found in nucleus
3
If a solution has less H+ ions than pure water, it is known as...
an acid and has a pH above 7
a base and has a pH above 7
an acid and has a pH below 7
a base and has a pH below 7
4
What do the arrows indicate about this buffer reaction?
The reaction is at equilibrium
A reaction will cause an immediate reverse reaction
Scientists aren't sure which way the reactions goes
The reactions can occur in either direction
5
How are electron shells organized?
2 e- in the first shell, 8 e- in each shell following
After the first shell, the octet rule applies to the shells
8 e- in each shell
2 e- in the first shell, 8 e- in the second, 16 e- in third
6
How are polar covalent bonds different from nonpolar covalent bonds?
Polar = electrons transferred, Nonpolar = electrons shared
Polar = equal electron sharing, Nonpolar = unequal sharing
Polar = unequal electron sharing, Nonpolar = equal sharing
Polar = electrons shared, Nonpolar = electrons transferred
7
What occurs when water dissociates?
Produces unequal amounts of H+ and OH- ions
Produces an acid (low pH)
Produces equal amounts of H+ and OH- ions
Produces a base (high pH)
8
Which of the following is NOT a property of water?
low heat capacity
cohesion and adhesion
less dense as a solid than a liquid
high heat of vaporization
9
When taking an antacid for stomach pains, what does the antacid do?
It is made of water and will neutralize the stomach acid
Antacids release H+ ions to lower the pH of stomach acid
It's a base & can absorb H+ ions to raise the pH-neutralize
It's a base & can release H+ ions to raise the pH
10
Nonpolar molecules repel or don't interact with water molecules, so they are called...
hydrophobic
hydrophilic
antisocial
solutes
11
If you increase the concentration of H⁺ ions in a solution, what occurs?
pH increase, solution becomes more basic
pH lowers, solution becomes more acidic
pH lowers, solution becomes more basic
pH increases, solution becomes more acidic
12
The tendency of an element to pull electrons closer to itself is known as...
reactivity
electron shells
electronegativity
atomic mass
13
Which of the following elements would be the LEAST reactive?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Neon
Oxygen
14
Isotopes are made from atoms with that same atomic number but different...
atomic charge (number of electrons)
atomic charge (number of neutrons)
atomic mass (number of electrons)
atomic mass (number of neutrons)
15
Why does solid water float rather than sink?
Water molecules condense as they freeze, increasing density
Water molecules expand as they freeze, lowering the density
All solids float on their liquid counterparts
Ice does sink, duh
16
Which best describes cohesion?
Water requires a lot of energy to change its temperature
Water molecules are attracted to other substances (glass)
Water molecules spread out when turning into a solid
Water molecules are attracted to each other by hydrogenbonds
17
What is the purpose of a buffer?
To increase the strength of a base
To put space between the hydrogen ions & the water molecules
To raise/lower H+ concentration & stabilize pH (homeostasis)
To increase the strength of an acid
18
The attraction of unlike substances is called...
cohesion
adhesion
modern dating
surface tension
19
The pH scale is a negative log scale, so every change in a whole pH number is a change of...
10
1
100
-1
20
Which element is NOT a part of CHNOPS?
Phosphorus
Hydrogen
Carbon
Sodium

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