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Chemistry COS
Chemistry COS
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1
Atoms have three main parts: protons, neutrons, and:
elements
compounds
neultrons
electrons
2
When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is a water molecule, which is a(n):
atom
element
mixture
compound
3
The bonds found within hair that help organize protein chains in order to build hair are called:
ionic bonds
side bonds
van der Waals forces
water bonds
4
Hair consists of 97%
keratin
protons
trace minerals
electrons
5
Which bonds found in the hair can be easily broken by heat or water?
hydrogen bonds
disulfide bonds
van der Waals forces
peptide bonds
6
Which bond is the backbone of all protein molecules?
salt
peptide
keratin
hydrogen
7
pH balanced refers to a product that ranges from a pH of:
7.5 to 10.5
6.5 to 7.0
4.5 to 5.5
11.5 to 12.0
8
On a pH scale, numbers less than 7 indicate a(n)
alkaline solution
acidic solution
neutral solution
chemical solution
9
The scientific study of matter and the physical and chemical changes of matter is known as:
chemistry
physics
anatomy
psychology
10
Electrons have which type of electrical charge?
none
positive
neutral
negative
11
The simplest atomic structure is:
hydrogen
carbon
oxygen
sulfur
12
Two or more of the same atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a(n):
neutron
protein
molecule
electron
13
What color does red litmus paper turn when placed in an alkali?
orange
green
white
blue
14
Which of the following items have definite weight and volume but no definite shape?
conditioners, solutions, and shampoos
ice cube
oxygen
hair
15
Which type of bond does number 3 represent on the illustration
disulfide bond
van der Waals forces
salt bond
hydrogen bond
16
Water molecules have two hydrogen atoms and one:
oxygen atom
helium atom
sulfur atom
nitrogen atom
17
Matter with definite weight but indefinite volume and shape is called:
a solid
a liquid
a gas
organic
18
Which of the following elements is the most abundant in the earth's crust:
oxygen
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
19
Amino acids that create proteins are linked together end to end by:
salt bonds
peptide bonds
alkaline bonds
side bonds
20
Hair comprises two solids which are carbon and sulfur and three gases which are hydrogen, nitrogen and:
neon
helium
oxygen
propane
21
The atomic number of a particular element indicates:
the number of neutrons in a single atom
the number of electrons in a single atom
the number of protons in a single atom
the number of atoms in a single element
22
The most accurate method of measuring pH is with:
indicator paper
indicator liquid
pH meter
pH paper
23
What freezing and becoming ice is an example of what type of change?
molecular
elemental
chemical
physical
24
Which of the following actions is NOT an example of a physical change?
shattering a piece of glass
iron changing to rust
performing a haircut
performing a thermal style
25
What color does blue litmus paper turn when placed in an acid?
orange
red
white
green
26
Alkalis tend to taste:
sweet
bitter
sour
salty
27
Substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/ or contain:
carbon
hydrogen
salt
water
28
A solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions is:
slightly alkaline
neutral
acidic
alkaline
29
Protons have which type of electrical charge?
none
positive
negative
neutral
30
Neutrons have which type of electrical charge?
chemical
none
negative
positive
31
All matter that is now living or was alive at once time, with carbon present, falls within the scientific division of:
organic chemistry
physics
inorganic chemistry
anatomy
32
Atoms that are different from a(n)
mixture
compound
emulsion
element
33
Atoms that are the same form a(n):
element
mixture
compound
emulsion
34
In what pH range is skin and hair?
7.5 to 10.5
11.5 to 12.0
6.5 to 7.0
4.5 to 5.5
35
When a solution has an equal number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, the solution is considered:
negative
positive
acidic
neutral
36
Which of the following conditions is an example of chemical change?
water to ice
oxygen and hydrogen combining to form water
water to steam
raindrops turning to snow
37
Matter with definite weight and volume but no definite shape is called:
a gas
a solid
organic
a liquid
38
a pH of 5 is how many more times acidic than a pH of 6?
1.5
100
10
1000
39
Matter with definite weight, volume and shape is known as:
a gas
matter
organic
a solid
40
Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed?
salt bonds connect to amino acids
bonding of protein chains to other protein chains
amino acids cause a simple physical change
hydrogen bonds create a chemical change
41
The term used to identify anything that occupies space and has weight is called:
a solid
matter
organic
a gas
42
Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed?
linking together of protein groups
amino acids cause a simple physical change
hydrogen bonds create a chemical change
salt bonds connect to amino acids
43
What is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the salon professional?
disulfide bond
hydrogen bond
salt bond
van der Waals forces
44
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen form the basis of:
compounds
mixtures
elements
amino acids
45
When amino acids combine to form the protein of the hair:
the hair's amino acid content will increase
the hair's amino acid content will decrease
they form a new amino acid group
they take on a spiraling configuration
46
Putting a sodium hydroxide relaxer under a hair dryer:
could turn into van der Waals forces
will increase the hair's amino acid content
could break the critical peptide bonds
will link together all protein groups
47
on the pH scale, numbers greater than 7 indicate a(n):
chemical solution
acidic solution
neutral solution
alkaline solution
48
All of the following statements regarding pH are true EXCEPT
values below 7 indicate more alkalinity
7 indicates a neutral substance
pH is a unit of measurement that indicates acidic, neutral or alkaline
values below 7 indicate more acidity
49
Distilled water with a pH of 7 is considered:
a salt
neutral
an acid
an alkali