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Environmental Science Final Quiz
Environmental Science Final Quiz
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Final study guide in quiz version! #science #environmentalscience
Flashcards
75 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What is the estimated temperature of Earth’s inner core?
300°C to 400°C
400°C to 500°C
4,000°C to 5,000°C
3,000 °C to 4,000 °C
2
Light pollution can be decreased by
increasing the # of lights per block on a city street
directing light downard
lighting billboards from below
using incandescent light bulbs
3
Which of the following situations best describes the use of a renewable resource?
building wooden furniture
filling a car with gasoline
mining copper
burning coal in a power plant
4
Which of the following is
not
a characteristic of a mineral?
atoms in random geometric patterns
usually an inorganic solid
naturally occurring
orderly internal structure
5
Scientists predict population sizes by using
age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration.
age structure, fertility rate, and migration.
replacement rate, fertility rate, age rates, survivorship
survivorship,migration,life expectancy,replacement structure
6
Many angiosperms depend on
plants for food.
gymnosperms for reproducing.
other animals in the oceans.
animals to carry pollen and disperse seeds.
7
Where do most Americans live?
there is an equal distribution of people across the land
producing farms
urban areas
rural areas
8
What is reforestation?
removing all trees from an area
none of these
removing selected trees from an area
replanting trees in an area
9
Which of the following might occur as a result of plastic trash accumulating in the ocean?
Turtles mistake bags for jellyfish and eat them and die.
all of the above
Sea birds are strangled by plastic six-pack rings.
Sea mammals get tangled in clear fishing lines and drown.
10
Which of the following pH measurements of rainwater would indicate acid precipitation?
pH 6.0
pH 7.3
pH 9.6
pH 4.1
11
When making a decision about whether or not to build a dam, economic value is considered here:
how many jobs will building the dam generate?
Is it right to build a dam here?
Will the dam provide new leisure activities?
will building the dam destroy natural resources?
12
Which of the following factors does NOT help predict future oil production?
the # of oil refineries operating in the past
# of oil deposits discovered
cost of obtaining fuels
changes in technology
13
The relationship between a Canadian lynx and a snowshoe hare is an example of
predator and prey.
mutualism
parasite and host.
competition
14
An area prone to landslides is an example of
rural land
rangeland
marginal land
open space
15
A true statement about parasitism is that parasites
are always animals and never plants.
immediately kill their hosts
may cause their hosts to become more vulnerable to predators
do not live on or in their hosts’ bodies.
16
In the troposphere, which of the following decreases as altitude increases?
(a) and (c)
temperature
pressure
radiation
17
From whom must mining companies obtain permits before mining a site?
state and federal agencies
federal agencies only
a bonding company
local govt only
18
Organisms can adapt
both (a) and (b)
to other organisms
to their surroundings
none of the above
19
Succession is possible because
climate changes over time
existing plants reproduce quickly
new species make environment less suitable for older ones
it is a rapid and chaotic process difficult to control
20
The most energy-efficient vehicles available today are
fuel cell cars
cars that use biomass fuel
cars with gasoline engines
hybrid cars
21
What part of Earth encompasses all areas where organisms can obtain the energy they need?
biosphere
atmosphere
hydrosphere
lithosphere
22
The type of hunting that threatens species survival the most is
sanctioned by industrialized nations.
especially a problem in less developed nations.
ignored by global conservation groups.
legal hunting done by sports enthusiasts.
23
Which of the following statements about hydrogen as a fuel source is correct?
When hydrogen is burned, it releases pollutants.
Generating hydrogen by burning fossil fuels is inexpensive.
Hydrogen can be burned as fuel/ used to produce electricity.
Hydrogen is not abundant enough on Earth.
24
How can zoos, botanic gardens, and wildlife parks help save species?
collecting species from remote wilderness areas
participating in captive breeding programs
preserving threatened species from destruction
(a) and (c)
25
The chance that an earthquake will occur in your town during the next year is an example of
correlation
distribution
skepticism
risk
26
No-till farming helps to conserve soil fertility because
remnants of previous crop are left to slowly decay
the ground is turned carefully to mix soil nutrients
deep ridges are cut across, not down, slopes of hills
only organic fertilizers and natural pesticides are used
27
Which best describes the effect of a mountain range on the climate of a region?
coastal side of the range usually has high levels of rain
Average temperatures are lower at top vs base of the mnts
all of the above
a desert is often found on the inland side of the range.
28
As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground, rivers generally become
all of the above
warmer
slower
wider
29
The number of wild horses per square kilometer in a prairie is the horse populations
density
size
population
birth rate
30
Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?
herbivores
carnivores
omnivores
all of the above
31
What mainly distinguishes nekton from benthos?
all of the above
One is a predator and the other is a primary producer.
one swims freely and other lives attached to a hard surface
One lives in freshwater and the other in salt water
32
What groups of organisms are most in danger of extinction?
those that migrate or need special habitats
both (a) and (b)
those with small populations
those with large populations that breed quickly
33
Which of the following describes soil and temperature in an ecosystem?
selection factors
abiotic factors
biotic factors
unnecessary factors
34
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?
all of the above
sewage
pesticides
oil spills
35
Earth's various organisms appear to be
concentrated in certain biomes
mostly small vertebrates
largely known to scientists
evolving at an unprecedented rate
36
Which is responsible for making nitrogen in the atmosphere usable for organisms?
nitrogen-fixing bacteria
absorption of nitrogen into water systems
decomposing bacteria
conversion of nitrogen into carbohydrates by photosynthesis
37
Which of the following is a disadvantage for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion?
not enough warm water
can only be done in cold areas
not enough cold water
inefficient plants
38
Reintroducing the gray wolf in certain areas of the northwestern United States
is in accordance with U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973
creates a mutualist interaction between wolves and elks.
discourages hunters from hunting other animals.
is beneficial for all of those working in that area
39
Chaparral plants usually survive fires because
they have deep root systems that keep them moist during fire
they contain oils that act as natural fire extinguishers.
water is stored in their small, leathery leaves.
they resprout from small amounts of surviving plant tissue
40
Which of the following includes all of the water on or near Earth’s surface?
atmosphere
hydrosphere
lithosphere
biosphere
41
Placer deposits are surface mineral deposits that have been concentrated by
evaporation and condensation
subsurface mining.
surface mining
movement of wind and water.
42
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
littoral zones and benthic zones
lakes and ponds
rivers and streams
marshes and swamps
43
Which of the following would cause the smallest increase in smog in an urban area?
frequent thermal inversions
combustion of ethanol in cars
location in a valley or basin
dependence on coal for heating
44
Nuclear fusion
must take place at extremely high temperatures.
does not release a great amount of energy.
must take place in low-density containers.
makes nuclei lighter in weight than before the reaction
45
Which organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem?
zooplankton
fish
phytoplankton
barnacles
46
The layer of impurities on top of molten metal that forms during smelting is called
dredge
smelt
slag
flux
47
The relationship between acacia trees and the ants that live on them is an example of
mutualism
parasitism
predation
commensalism
48
The bacteria living in the roots of a soybean plant are critical for the nitrogen cycle because
they release nitrogen by decomposing dead plant parts
change atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form
provide the plant with sugars needed for growth
transform nitrates into nitrogen gas for release
49
The major human causes of extinction today are
none of the above
polluting and introducing non-native species
both (a) and (b)
hunting and destroying habitats
50
Which of the following is a developing nation?
the United States
Canada
Ethiopia
France
51
Acid mine drainage
is unregulated in the United States
harms or kills aquatic life.
causes acid rain.
purifies streams.
52
process of 2 species changing genetically in response to long-term interactions with each other
artificial selection
selective breeding
resistance
coevolution
53
What is one property that may be used to distinguish metallic from nonmetallic minerals?
cost to extract
carbon content
value
electrical conductivity
54
Most of the energy consumed in the United States is used for
transportation
residential electric needs
industrial purposes
commercial electrical needs
55
Most land animals depend on angiosperms for
all of the above
food
reproduction
water
56
Which model would you use to show the shape of Earth’s surface under the oceans?
mathematical
physical
graphical
conceptual
57
The fact that useful man-made substances can cause unforeseen damage is illustrated by
the pollution of the Gulf of Mexico from farm chemicals
all of the above
the condition of the atmosphere’s protective ozone layer.
the detection of Oscillatoria rubescens in Lake Washington.
58
Gangue minerals
are native elements
are valued for their rarity and durability
are the most difficult to mine
have no commercial value
59
When animals are placed in controlled or restrictive environments, they
may have difficulty meeting basic survival needs
have low rate of genetic disorders due to a large gene pool
are less likely to compete
become immune to infectious diseases common in the wild
60
carrying capacity of an environment for a certain species at a certain time is determined by
number of individuals in the species
supply of the most limited resources.
distribution of the population.
reproductive potential of the species.
61
A model of a dinosaur is an example of a _____ model.
mathematical
graphical
physical
conceptual
62
Which of the following is
not
an environmental effect of deforestation?
loss of topsoil
soil erosion
reduction of wildlife habitat
re-establishment of trees
63
Which of the following is true of land-use plans?
Developers must prepare reports on environmental impact
The public often has input in land-use plans.
all of the above
Projects in environmentally sensitive areas hotly debated
64
The 1991 cholera outbreak in Lima, Peru was caused by
rats and other rodents
widespread malnutrition
inadequate medical care.
lack of clean water.
65
Which of the following contributes most to acid precipitation?
ethanol
burning of fossil fuels
radon and ozone
all of the above
66
Adaptations demonstrated by plants in tropical rain forests include
all of the above
orchids and vines that use tall tree trunks for support.
herbs with large flat leaves located in the understory.
trees with aboveground roots which increase stability.
67
The classification and collection of data that are in the form of numbers is called
statistics
mean
distribution
probability
68
“Tragedy of the Commons” addresses the conflicts associated with what environmental challenge?
protecting shared resources
preserving biodiversity
curbing overpopulation
preventing pollution
69
What are wind and water erosion
not
likely to affect?
rocks
soil
mountains
tides
70
What vegetation would you find on an abandoned farm that remained undisturbed for 150 years?
shrubs
short grasses
tall, mature oak trees
young pine trees
71
Which of the following actions contributes to soil erosion?
allowing land to lie fallow
driving farm machinery over fields
all of these practices contribute to soil erosion
using compost as fertilizer
72
Reasons for preserving biodiversity include all of the following
except
isolating unique genes to incorporate into existing crops
preventing natural evolution
increasing chances of finding organisms with medicinal value
finding new plants that supplement the world's food supply
73
Which factor contributed most to the exponential growth of the human population?
increased immigration
more food, better hygeine
higher fertility rates
higher birth rates
74
Climate in a region is
determined only by seasonal daylight hours.
never affected by ocean currents.
the atmospheric conditions on a given day.
the long-term, prevailing atmospheric conditions.
75
Which of the following is
not
an example of exponential growth?
rabbit populations after being introduced to Australia
a bank account that earns interest
mold appearing on bread overnight
reindeer of the Pribilof Islands after eating most lichens
