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PSCI Test 1 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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PSCI Test 1 Review
PSCI Test 1 Review
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1
The carbon dioxide cycle is important to Earth because it
prevents a buildup of oxygen
along with the oceans, regulates Earth's temperatures.
helps sustain the planet's plant base
2
In what region of the Sun is solar energy generated?
the inner core, with temperatures more than 15,000,000 K
the inner surface, the region of greatest density
the outer surface, where the greatest pressure resides
the mid-interior is balanced.
3
Science and technology are
fundamentally different from each other
related to one another, but not the same thing
responsible for all the good in the world
responsible for all the bad in the world
4
Of the sciences known as physics, chemistry, and biology, the most basic is
physics
chemistry
none in particular, as each may be considered fundamental
biology
5
the solar wind blows in a direction
toward the Sun
away from the Sun
6
In science, an educated guess is a
Revelation
Theory
Prediction
Hypothesis
7
What is the primary component of Venus' atmosphere?
N2
argon
O2
CO2
8
The age of the sun is about
5.5 billion years
5.5 million years
5.5 trillion years
more than 5.5 trillion years
9
Radiant energy can be understood using this field of science.
Biology
Physics
Chemistry
Astronomy
10
If it is a valid hypothesis, there must be a test for proving it
Right
Wrong
11
The best evidence that the Sun is a newcomer in the universe is
its very existence in spite of its high burning rate
the existence of heavy elements in its composition
its relatively slow rate of spin.
its high temperature as revealed by its color.
12
Why is Mars' greenhouse effect negligible compared to that of Earth?
Its mass is only one-ninth of Earth's.
Martian carbon dioxide contains an isotope that traps heat
The Martian atmosphere is thinner and retains little heat
13
The percentage of the Earth's surface covered by ocean is about
70%
50%
80%
60%
14
No greenhouse effect occurs on Mercury because of no
plant life
atmosphere
daily spin
terrestrial radiation
15
Science is a body of knowledge that goes back to
the time of Galileo.
Italy in the sixteenth century.
humankind's beginnings
Greece in the seventh century B.C..
16
In what region of the Sun are most of X-rays generated?
The corona
The photosphere
The chronosphere
The inner core
17
Evidence of the solar wind on Earth is the ___.
preponderance of hurricanes at certain latitudes
Higher ocean tides in winter
solar sunspots, seen with the the naked eye
Aurora Borealis
18
What is the likely source of methane in Mars atmosphere?
ongoing volcanic activity
the absorption of Phobos' methane through gravitation
Mars landings of exploration vehicles such as Spirit
the decomposition of the residue deposits from Mars oceans
19
The planet with a mass most like Earth's is
Venus
Neptune
Mercury
Mars
20
Most of the angular momentum in the solar system is
in its planets
The sun
about equally divided in the sun and its planets
21
"There are regions beneath Earth's crust that will always be beyond the reach of investigation"
scientific statement
theory
fact
speculation
22
the ecliptic
refers to the gases from which our solar system formed.
is the average distance between the Sun and Earth
occurs during a solar or lunar eclipse.
is the plane of Earth's orbit
23
Science, art, and religion do not contradict one another because
Art is not important
All three have different domains.
Only one can be true
24
Which of the following is a scientific hypothesis?
Science explains life
Matter is filled with undetectable particles.
Man will never fully understand the world
The moon is made of green cheese
25
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Earth is
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Nirtogen
Mathane
26
What aspect of the Sun's behavior wraps and distorts the solar magnetic field?
plasma fluxes within the core
he differential spin between the equatorial and polar region
sunspot activity due to differential heat dispersion
the cycle of the reversal of the magnetic poles
27
How do the wind speeds of the Martian atmosphere compare with those of Earth?
about 50% of Earth's
about the same as Earth's
about 1/10th of Earth's
about ten times more than Earth's
28
As clouds of dust in space shrink, they ___.
rotate faster
rotate slower
rotate at the same rate
29
When a contracting hot ball of gas spins into a disk shape, it cools faster due to
eddy currents.
decreased insulation.
increased surface area.
increased radiation transfer.
30
The scientific method is a method for
designing experiments.
making hypotheses.Submit
gaining new knowledge.
making observations.
31
Temperature differences between nighttime and daytime on Earth are relatively small due to
Seasonal fluctuations and Earth's magnetic field.
Earth being 70% water
Earth's high daily spin rate and shortness of nighttime
Polar regions absorbing most solar energy
32
Nebular theory pertains to the formation of
Earth
The galaxy
The astroid belt
The solar system
33
Earth and Venus started out with the same amount of water. Where did Venus' water go?
It evaporated into space due to heat
Ultraviolet rays split the H2O molecule and hydrogen escaped
Scientists are still trying to figure this out.
It chemically combined with CO2 to form CO4H.
34
Scientists repeat experimental findings in order to
eliminate unseen erros
improve upon experimental design.
both of the above
none of the above
35
the scientific spirit is based upon
experimentation.
honety and trust.
consensus in the scientific community.
hypotheses of well-known philosophers.
36
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Oxygen
37
Each second, the burning Sun's mass ___.
remains unchanged
increases
decreases
38
In what region of Mars is microscopic life most likely to exist
deep within the planet's core
beneath the planet's surface, where melting water may pool
at the poles, where ice caps may harbor microorganisms
at the equator, where temperatures are most moderate
39
In science, facts
Are more important than theories
Mean very little
Are absolute
May change
40
you are on a morning time mission on Venus. When looking out the window you are likely to see
the Sun rising in the West.
the Sun rising in the East.
thick, smog-like cloudcover.
fierce windstorms everywhere you look.
41
If experimental findings are not reproducible
It indicates that the scientific method was not followed
he results are not considered valid.
the results are considered valid, but not usable.
it is an indication of scientific fraud
42
A spinning cloud of interstellar gas tends to
condense
turn into a sphere
flatten
disperse
43
The Sun tends to bloat outward by nuclear fusion, and contract due to
its relatively slow spin.
reduced gaseous pressures
gravitation.
nuclear fission
44
With daytime temperatures that can reach 430°C, why is nighttime on Mercury so cold?
With little atmosphere heat is quickly lost back into space
Solar winds disrupt heating patterns
The weak gravitational force doesn't retain heat
45
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Mars is
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Oxygen
46
A theory is:
unchangeable
an educated guess
less than a fact
a synthesis of a large body of well-tested knowledge.
47
A cloud of interstellar gas is held together by
electromagnetism.
infrared radiation.
All of the above
the gravitational force.
48
The synthesis of a large collection of information, well-tested and verified hypotheses is a:
Experiment
Theory
Law
Principle
49
Most natural phenomena we wonder about
require knowledge of advanced mathematics
are best explained by physics
involve several scientific disciplines.
are poorly explained by science
50
When a scientist is dishonest and reports false information, he or she
will be excused by the scientific community
gets no second chance in the scientific community.
