Social studies pt.2

Ghana converted to Islam in late 11th cent. When was it absorbed into Mali?

What were other Ghanaian exports to the Mediterranean and beyond?

Grasslands south of Zambezi river, farming, cattle herding, and trade economy formed. From 1300-1450————was most wealthy

It was weakens by wars and collapsed in 1100s. What rose in its place

Muhammad ture overthrew the son of Ali in 1493 creating the ——-dynasty

By the 8th and 9th century, who took over much of the trade.

Women’s role?

Al Bakri, 11th century Muslim traveler said what about the kings court?

The first Songhai states benefited from —-?

How did people live in ancient Ghana?

Trading merchants became wealthy. Why did kings become wealthy?

Civil war broke out after dauds reign. Forces of ———- attacked Songhai leading to its collapse in 1600

They used substinence farming. What?

The rulers served as religious, and administrative leaders. What else was the ruler responsible for?

What else did Sundiata do?

Where was Ghana located?

In east Africa trade based societies were born. South of Axum lived which people?

MT expanded the empire thousands of miles along Niger River. How did he maintain peace and security in his kingdom?

The city was abandoned in the 15th cent. Why?

Enjoyed hundreds of years of prosperity declining in 16th cent. When did Mombasa(coast of Kenya) arise?

Southern half of Africa formed slower.untill 11th cent. People lived in stateless societies. What’s that?

Songhai annexed large portions of Mali. In which year did Songhai replace Mali as the great power?

Prospered from the gold and salt trade. Under Askia —— Songhai became the largest empire in African history

The great enclosure dominated the site as an oval surrounded by a massive wall. What did the smaller enclosures contain?

Muslim trade routes linked Arabia, north and west Africa. What was the chief trade center in the midst of prosperity?

Inspired to make Timbuktu center of inflaming learning and culture. What did he do?

Muslim merchants brought ——?

Zimbabwe benefited from trade between coast and interior. Why are the massive walls of great Zimbabwe unusual?

Why were Ghanaian blacksmiths valued?

The heartland was located in a rich gold producing area. What was the effect of the gold.

Swahili arose because of trade between Arabs and Bantus. Why was it necessary?

Ghana was threatened politically. Why?

Sometime after 1000ad, what city did Bantu descendants establish.

Which caravan description/s is correct?

The authority was a local ruler

Mogadishu located just north of the equator was established in the — century?

He even reached china and all Muslim countries. Called Kilwa beautiful and well constructed. Declined in ——?

Most were farmers growing sorghum, millet, and rice. How was society organized.

In 8th cent. Muslims from from Arabian peninsula settled in these port cities. What resulted from this?

What did Ali control

Which was the greatest of the trading states established in the mid 1200s by Sundiata Keita?

Merchants here grew wealthy. One of the most magnificent cities was?

Berbers (fleets of the desert) carried trade in the desert. Why were camels cruicial in trans-Saharan trade?

What purpose did the rulers serve?

Mt was an able administrator dividing provinces each with governors. Why did the cheif cities prosper

Which was the first great trading state in west Africa (AD 500)?

How did Muslim merchants trade?

How many camels could be loaded with goods and supplies for a caravan trek.

As time passed, a mixed African Arabian culture ———— began to emerge throughout the coastal area.

what reason/s was/were salt (highly desired item) used for?

Manas musa, one of the most powerful kings(ruled 1312-1337), doubled Malis size. How did he affect the government?

Ruins of Great Zimbabwe(capital) illustrate power. Zimbabwe’s gold ended up in the court of

9th century, muslim merchants controlled Ghanaian trade. What advantage did these merchants have over Ghanaian traders?

Timbuktu became one of the intellectual capitals of Muslim world. Why did the malian monarchy weaken?

His pilgrimage left what image?

What was the peoples lifestyle

In the 1400s civil war caused small areas of the empire to break away. Which of these kingdoms took advantage.

Ghana also had an abundant supply of ——?

Bantu people took part in trade along east coast. What happened following the rise of Islam?

In 1009 ——- converted to Islam and established the Dia dynasty?

The strong kings of Ghana ruled by applying mandatory written laws

What did the Bantus spread across Africa

When Mansa Musa made pilgrimage with thousands of servants carrying goods including gold. What effect did the gold have?

In the first millennium farmers speaking the Bantu family of languages moved to the east. How?

Mali extended from the Atlantic coast inland to trading city Timbuktu. What did Mali build its wealth and power on?

11th cent. Some of these independent villages consolidated making the first states. How were villages built?

Below was the royal palace surrounded by a wall. What did the kings wealth come from?

Husuni kubwa palace had more than 100 rooms. Arab traveler IBN BATtuta visited the three cities traveling —— miles?

Why did it decline

The Ghanaians lived off the land for centuries. What was the main reason their wealth prospered?

In the 14th cent. Two monumental cities were built in kilwa?

Why did it prosper?

Describe the kings of Ghana-

Niger River’s floods provide rich soil for crops and cattle. Where on the rivers wide bend did Songhai establish?

Iron and stone tools used to farm. Men hunted or traded what?

Who created the Sunni dynasty in 1464 and led Songhai’s expansion?

Ali united rural and city dwellers under a single government. When did Songhai reach its peak power?

Sundiata is considered the founder of his nation. In 1240 he captured the capital of ——-?

What did Ghanaians trade and export their gold for?

Which two of Ali’s conquests have Songhai control of the trading empire?