The backbone of DNA consists of:

A phosphate group and pentose sugar

Which of the following are phases of mitosis?

Prometaphase, Telophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Prophase

Which of the following is not a reason for the high fidelity of DNA replication?

DNA polymerase only reads 5'-3'

Which of the following is not true of the central dogma of molecular biology?

RNA is transcribed into proteins

Why are Okazaki fragments made during DNA replication?

because DNA polymerase III only synthesizes DNA in the 5'-3' direction

Which of the following is true regarding chromosomes and chromatids?

A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome

What protein's role is preventing the nucleotides in linearized DNA from hydrogen bonding to their complementary base?

Single-Stranded Binding Protein

Why are Okazaki fragments made on the lagging strand and not the leading strand of DNA during DNA replication?

because DNA polymerase III only synthesizes DNA in the 5'-3' direction

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25 M1_BIO 151 Exam 3 - Review

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This Quiz covers the following modules: Module 9 - Gene Expression Module 10 - Mutations Module 11 - Cell Cycle Module 12 - Genetics

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Questions 91

Answers

1
DNA helicase travels in the 3' to 5' direction.
True
False
2
A plant is homozygous for purple flower color (PP). What is the genotype?
Purple
PP
3
Which of the following phases of the cell cycle are a part of interphase?
M phase
S phase
G0 phase
G2 phase
G1 phase
4
Which of the following is not a stage during transcription?
Elongation
Translation
Termination
Initiation
5
The phosphate group of a nucleotide is attached to the 1' carbon of the pentose sugar.
False
True
6
The backbone of DNA consists of:
A phosphate group and nitrogenous base
A pentose sugar and nitrogenous base
A pentose sugar and fatty acid
A phosphate group and pentose sugar
7
Which of the following is not a component of nucleotides?
Phosphate Group
Fatty Acid
Nitrogenous Base
Pentose Sugar
8
During which stage of meiosis do sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase II
Metaphase
Metaphase I
Metaphase II
Anaphase
Anaphase I
9
A histone is a group of 4 proteins the are wrapped with DNA.
False
True
10
Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in RNA?
Guanine
Thymine
Adenine
Uracil
11
DNA primase synthesizes a DNA primer that is necessary for DNA replication to begin.
True
False
12
The centrosome is where two sister chromatids tightly associate & the attachment site for kinetochore proteins.
True
False
13
DNA replication is bidirectional.
True
False
14
Which of the following are phases of mitosis?
Prometaphase
Telophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Interphase
Prophase
15
Cyclins are checkpoint proteins that become activated once they form a complex with cyclin-dependent kinases.
False
True
16
During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes duplicate?
G2 Phase
S Phase
G1 Phase
M Phase
17
The long arm of a chromosome is called the p arm.
True
False
18
Which of the following is not a reason for the high fidelity of DNA replication?
Hydrogen bonding between mismatched bases is unstable
DNA polymerase is unlikely to link two mismatched base pairs together
DNA polymerase only reads 5'-3'
DNA polymerase can proofread DNA
19
The origin of activation is the site within a chromosome that serves as a starting point for DNA replication.
True
False
20
Which of the following causes cancer by loss of function?
Proto-oncogene
Tumor-suppressor Gene
Oncogene
21
Which of the following is not a component of nucleotides?
Pentose Sugar
Fatty Acid
Phosphate Group
Nitrogenous Base
22
A frameshift mutation can be a point mutation if it is the result of a singular nucleotide addition or deletion.
True
False
23
Which of the following is not true of the central dogma of molecular biology?
RNA is transcribed into proteins
DNA is translated into proteins
RNA is translated into proteins
DNA is transcribed into RNA
24
A 30-nm fiber is smaller than a radial loop domain.
True
False
25
Which carbon of the pentose sugars is found outside the pentose ring?
3'
2'
1'
4'
5'
26
Which of the following is not a type of modification to make mature mRNA
5' capping
RNA splicing
3' capping
3' poly A tail addition
27
Which of the following is typically associated with histone acetylation?
Euchromatin
Repressed genes
Condensed DNA
Heterochromatin
28
Histone proteins contain mainy negatively charged amino acids, which is why they are attracted to DNA
False
True
29
Which molecule bonds with the 1' carbon of a nucleotide?
Nitrogenous base
Phosphate Group
O2
Pentose Sugar
30
DNA replication is conservative.
False
True
31
The major groove of DNA is where the backbones of the two strands are farther apart.
False
True
32
Eukaryotic cells use sigma factor to recruit RNA polymerase to a promoter.
False
True
33
Which type of mutation is least likely to alter protein function?
Silent
Missense
Frameshift
Nonsense
34
Why are Okazaki fragments made during DNA replication?
because DNA polymerase III only synthesizes DNA in the 5'-3' direction
because DNA primase creates a nucleotide primer on the lagging strand
because DNA polymerase III only synthesizes DNA in the 3'-5' direction
because DNA helicase only attaches to the lagging strand
35
Which molecule bonds with the 5' carbon of a nucleotide?
Pentose Sugar
O2
Nitrogenous base
Phosphate Group
36
After 6 rounds of DNA replication, how many double-stranded DNA molecules would there be?
36
64
128
12
37
During DNA replication, which of the following DNA strands is the template strand?
Parental Strand
Daughter Strand
38
Human sex chromosomes are considered homologous.
False
True
39
Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 criteria for genetic material?
Information
Replication
Transmission
Double-stranded
40
During DNA replication, the leading strand creates Okazaki fragments.
False
True
41
Which of the following is true regarding chromosomes and chromatids?
After the S phase, a human cell has 46 chromatids
Chromatids are present during the G1 phase of the cell cycle
A chromosome is one half of a duplicated chromatid
A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome
42
What protein's role is preventing the nucleotides in linearized DNA from hydrogen bonding to their complementary base?
RNA Primer
DNA Primase
DNA Topoisomerase
Single-Stranded Binding Protein
DNA Polymerase
DNA Helicase
43
If a DNA strand is 5'-TACG-3', then what would the complementary strand look like?
5'-ATGC-3'
5'-TACG-3'
3'-TACG-5'
3'-ATGC-5'
44
Two alleles of a gene carried by F1 plants separate from each other during gamete production. This describes which law?
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Segregation
45
Why are Okazaki fragments made on the lagging strand and not the leading strand of DNA during DNA replication?
because DNA helicase attaches to the lagging strand
because DNA polymerase III only synthesizes DNA in the 3'-5' direction
because DNA polymerase III only synthesizes DNA in the 5'-3' direction
because DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA
because DNA primase creates an RNA primer on the lagging strand
46
Which of the following are important for pulling chromosomes toward their respective poles after metaphase?
Astral Microtubules
Actin Microtubules
Polar Microtubules
Kinetochore Microtubules
47
Which of the following is not a nitrogenous base found in DNA?
Thymine
Adenine
Guanine
Uracil
48
The backbone of nucleotides is made up of:
pentose sugar and phosphate
phosphate and nitrogenous base
hexose sugar and phophate
pentose sugar and nitrogenous base
49
During DNA replication, the leading strand creates Okazaki fragments.
True
False
50
After 6 rounds of DNA replication, how many single-stranded DNA molecules would there be?
128
36
64
12
51
Euchromatin contains tends to contain "active" genes.
False
True
52
Which of the following is the site where DNA transcription begins?
Silencer
Promoter
Terminator
Enhancer
53
Which of the following proteins is involved in alleviating DNA supercoiling during DNA replication?
DNA topoisomerase
DNA helicase
DNA polymerase
Single-strand binding proteins
54
All RNA molecules encode proteins.
True
False
55
A histone is a group of 4 proteins the are wrapped with DNA.
True
False
56
What is the monomer for carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
Disaccharide
Amino Acid
57
Which of the following is not a reason for the high fidelity of DNA replication?
DNA polymerase only reads 5'-3'
Hydrogen bonding between mismatched bases is unstable
DNA polymerase can proofread DNA
DNA polymerase is unlikely to link two mismatched base pairs together
58
DNA primase synthesizes a DNA primer that is necessary for DNA replication to begin.
True
False
59
Why are Okazaki fragments made during DNA replication?
because DNA polymerase III only synthesizes DNA in the 5'-3' direction
because DNA primase creates a nucleotide primer on the lagging strand
because DNA polymerase III only synthesizes DNA in the 3'-5' direction
because DNA helicase only attaches to the lagging strand
60
Which of the following is not a reason discussed in class for why pea plants were useful for studying genetics?
They have a short germination time
They can fertilize other pea plants
They are able to self-fertilize
They have a large number of characters with only two variants each
61
The backbone of DNA consists of:
A phosphate group and pentose sugar
A phosphate group and nitrogenous base
A pentose sugar and nitrogenous base
A pentose sugar and fatty acid
62
Proteins are the only functional products of a gene.
False
True
63
Histone proteins contain mainy negatively charged amino acids, which is why they are attracted to DNA
True
False
64
Prokaryotic RNA does not get spliced.
False
True
65
Mutations in a noncoding DNA sequence cannot influence gene expression.
False
True
66
The physical location of a gene on a chromosome is also called a__________.
centromere
centrosome
locus
allele
67
Which of the following proteins is involved in alleviating DNA supercoiling during DNA replication?
DNA topoisomerase
DNA helicase
DNA polymerase
Single-strand binding proteins
68
Which of the following is not one of the 4 criteria for genetic material?
Variation
Transmission
Replication
Information
Translation
69
Which of the following molecules acts as a DNA detangler to relieve supercoils?
DNA Topoisomerase Type II
DNA Primase
DNA Topoisomerase Type I
DNA Helicase
70
Which of the following is true regarding a human gamete?
It is aneuploid
It is haploid
It is polyploid
It is diploid
71
The major groove of DNA is where the backbones of the two strands are farther apart.
True
False
72
Which of the following is not an example of an extension of Mendelian Genetics?
Multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypes caused by a single mutation
Intermediate phenotypes of heterozygotes
Detectable expression of both alleles in heterozygotes
Temperature having an effect on phenotype
Detectable expression of one allele in heterozygotes
When one gene affects the expression of another gene
73
DNA replication is conservative.
True
False
74
Which of the following is true regarding a human somatic cell?
It is diploid
It is aneuploid
It is polyploid
It is haploid
75
A plant is homozygous for purple flower color (PP). What is the phenotype?
Purple
PP
76
Which of the following describes a centromere that is almost exactly in the center of a chromosome?
Submetacentric
Telocentric
Acrocentric
Metacentric
77
The rate of spontaneous mutations occurs at a lower rate than induced mutations.
True
False
78
Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in RNA?
Uracil
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
79
The phosphate group of a nucleotide is attached to the 1' carbon of the pentose sugar.
False
True
80
Which of the following is typically not associated with histone methylation?
Euchromatin
Repressed genes
Condensed DNA
Heterochromatin
81
The nucleotides adenine and thymine form a complementary base pair in RNA.
False
True
82
The nucleotides adenine and thymine form a complementary base pair in DNA.
True
False
83
The gene for flower color has two possible alleles: Y (yellow) or y (pink). Which allele is recessive?
Y (yellow)
y (pink)
84
The alleles of different genes assort independently of each other during gamete formation. This describes which law?
Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
85
Which phase of meiosis is responsible for the generation of large amounts of genetic variation in gametes?
Prophase
Anaphase II
Anaphase I
Prophase I
Anaphase
Prophase II
86
Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 criteria for genetic material?
Replication
Transmission
Information
Double-stranded
87
A 30-nm fiber is smaller than a radial loop domain.
True
False
88
The first offspring of a cross would be considered which generation?
P2 generation
F1 generation
P1 generation
F2 generation
89
Which of the following is true regarding true-breeding organisms?
They can never produce heterozygous offspring.
They can only self-fertilize
They are homozygous for a particular trait
They are heterozygous for a particular trait
90
During which phase of the cell cycle is there not a checkpoint?
S phase
G1 phase
M phase
G2 phase
91
The gene for flower color has two possible alleles: Y (yellow) or y (pink). Which allele is dominant?
y (pink)
Y (yellow)

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