The Biomedical Model is concerned with

Changing the individual, making them better

Caregivers report that the primary sources of burden when caring for a person with brain injury is:

Cognitive and behavior changes the person shows, often increasing over time

Factors that contribute to successful aging include

Nutrition, mental health, and avoiding alcohol

A disease or problem caused by treatment providers or setting

Talk therapies may be difficult to use with people with brain injuries because:

Cognitive deficits interfere with their ability to participate in therapy

What are legal rights?

Powers or privileges that an individual has under the law

After a brain injury, comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation is used to determine:

How different areas and systems of the brain are working

Physical Changes, Cognitive Impairments, Emotional and Behavioral Changes are

A Secondary Cause of Sexual Dysfunction

What are the three main areas of community integration?

Employment, independent living, and social activity

Neuroendocrine Changes and Hypothalamus and Pituitary Damage are

A Primary Cause of Sexual Dysfunction

Frontal lobe injury often contributes to psychiatric disorders post-injury in the form of:

Being unable to recognize their depression or other psychiatric condition

The primary causes of sexual dysfunction following a brain injury are:

Neuroendocrine and specific injury sites (hypothalamus and pituitary)

The four types of memory are:

Sensory, short-term, working, and long-term memory

To understand and best serve patients, rehabilitation specialist must consider:

The cultural experiences of each person and how are they have been impacted

What do the letters CAGE stand for in the CAGE Screening Tool?

Cut Down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye Opener

Selective attention allows us to:

Maintain attention in the presence of competing distractors

Person-centered care emphasizes

The quality of the therapeutic relationship is a major factor in outcomes

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CBIS 4-6

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Questions 80

Answers

1
The Biomedical Model is concerned with
Changing the environment to better accomodate the individual
Changing the individual, making them better
Adapting the function of the individual to allow participation
Inclusion, civil rights, and equal social status
2
Individuals with severe TBI have higher rates of depression than those with more mild injuries?
True
False
3
Persons with disabilities, especially cognitive impairments, experience higher rates of:
Rejection by partners
Sexual loneliness and dissatisfaction
Separation and divorce
Sexual abuse of all types
4
Any process that decreases the likelihood that a particular response will occur again in the future
Punishment
Negative Reinforcement
Consequence
Reinforcement
5
Caregivers report that the primary sources of burden when caring for a person with brain injury is:
Supporting a loved one with complex medical care needs
Isolation and lack of support leading to burnout
Cognitive and behavior changes the person shows, often increasing over time
Physical impairments that require specialized skill to support
6
Depression tends to relate to injury to which hemisphere
Left
Right
7
A group that shares things like language, food, clothing, art, behavioral norms, shared values, and shared world view.
Multiculturalism
Race
Ethnicity
Culture
8
Factors that contribute to successful aging include
Nutrition, mental health, and avoiding alcohol
Increasing access to varieties of recreation and leisure as one ages
Regular screening for neuropsychological decline
Avoidance of falls
9
Attention Process Training Program
Begins with the most challenging tasks and gets easier
A & C
Results in improved memory
Is a form of Cognitive Rehabilitation
10
Which is NOT a Domain of Cognitive Functioning?
Metacognition
Categorization
Memory
Auditory Processing
11
Iatrogenesis is
Stimulation of new neurons in a low stress, supportive care setting
Response of the brain to intensive, multidisciplinary rehabilitation
Weakness on one side of the body after injury
A disease or problem caused by treatment providers or setting
12
Talk therapies may be difficult to use with people with brain injuries because:
Psychotherapists are not specialists in brain injury supports
There are no specialized talk therapy interventions for people with ABI
Many brain injury survivors do not believe they have a mental health issue
Cognitive deficits interfere with their ability to participate in therapy
13
What are legal rights?
The right to provisions of services as defined in regulations
The final determination in the appeals process
A common law privilege asserted through the legislature
Powers or privileges that an individual has under the law
14
TBI relates to increased risk for
All of the above
Panic Disorder and Bipolar disorder
Schizophrenia
Depression and Generalized Anxiety
15
Common neurobehavioral complications after a brain injury include which of the following:
All of the above
Poor initiation
Aggression, agitation, impulsivity, and disinhibition
Denial of deficits
16
The validity of the test results can be compromised by
The person’s prior experience with the test materials
The presence of physical pain during testing
Language and cultural bias of test materials
Any of the above
17
After a brain injury, comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation is used to determine:
What educational or rehabilitative goals are most appropriate
The level of funding support the person will need
Prognosis for recovery
How different areas and systems of the brain are working
18
Physical Changes, Cognitive Impairments, Emotional and Behavioral Changes are
A Secondary Cause of Sexual Dysfunction
A Primary Cause of Sexual Dysfunction
19
What are the three main areas of community integration?
Home, family, and meaningful roles
Integration of culture, religion, and ethnicity
Employment, independent living, and social activity
Conformity, resistance, and awareness
20
Depression and Anxiety together tend to related to injury to which hemisphere
Left
Right
21
Neuroendocrine Changes and Hypothalamus and Pituitary Damage are
A Primary Cause of Sexual Dysfunction
A Secondary Cause of Sexual Dysfunction
22
Procedural memory is information that can be consciously declared or shared
True
False
23
What is the name for the period of agitation, marked by bizarre behavior, upon emerging from coma?
Coma Induced Confusion
Post Traumatic Amnesia
Retrograde Amnesia
Coma Emergent Agitation
24
Frontal lobe injury often contributes to psychiatric disorders post-injury in the form of:
The development of anxiety but not depression
The development of depression but not anxiety
Being unable to recognize their depression or other psychiatric condition
The development of obsessive-compulsive disorder and denial
25
A document where a competent person appoints other person to act for him/her in legal and financial issues
Conservatorship
Living Will
Legal Guardian
Power of Attorney
26
An Operational Definition must be
Specific
All of the above
Measurable
Observable
27
A social-intellectual movement that promotes cultural diversity and insists on equality and respect of all groups.
Culture
Ethnicity
Multiculturalism
Sociorace
28
What percent of the general population are diagnosed with Substance Abuse Disorder
10%
20%
5%
15%
29
The primary causes of sexual dysfunction following a brain injury are:
Diminished energy, fatigue, and depression
Lack of opportunity due to stigma and rejection
Neuroendocrine and specific injury sites (hypothalamus and pituitary)
Skill loss and dependency on others
30
Failure to provide for the basic needs of a dependent individual.
Neglect
Exploitation
Abuse
31
People who improve one level in self awareness are 30 times more likely to have a successful treatment outcome
True
False
32
The use of a dependent individual’s property illegally or without the consent of the individual
Exploitation
Abuse
Neglect
33
Recognizes the social and historical aspects of a group of people, providing information about customs and norms
Universalism
Sociorace
Ethnicity
Culture
34
The four types of memory are:
Implicit, explicit, episodic, and semantic
Short-term, medium-term, long-term, and working memory
Sensory, short-term, working, and long-term memory
Short-term, consolidated, long-term, and retrieval
35
Which model is aimed at adapting the function of the individual for meaningful participation
Environmental
Sociopolitical
Functional
Biomedical
36
Fatigue occurs in mild through severe brain injuries in:
32% to 73% of cases
55% to 67% of cases
15% to 20% of cases
17% to 32% of cases
37
To understand and best serve patients, rehabilitation specialist must consider:
Ways to encourage the individual to adapt to the dominant culture
How to honor each person’s ethnic foods, holidays, and habits
The cultural experiences of each person and how are they have been impacted
How can to increase this person’s sensitivity and understanding
38
Which cognitive impairment should be addressed first during cognitive rehab?
Attention
Memory
Metacognition
Concentration
39
True or False: Men have a higher incidence of brain injury but women have worse outcomes
False
True
40
There is the removal of a stimulus; this increases the likelihood that the response will occur again.
Negative Reinforcment
Negative Punishment
Positive Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
41
What do the letters CAGE stand for in the CAGE Screening Tool?
Cut Down, Alcohol, Guilty, Eye Opener
Curious, Annoyed, Guilty, Exhausted
Cut Down, Annoyed, Guilty, Exhausted
Cut Down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye Opener
42
After a brain injury, patient reports of fatigue are strongly associated with:
The presence of orthopedic injuries
Quality of life before the brain injury
Depression and anxiety
The use of drugs and alcohol following the brain injury event
43
It is acceptable to use restraints as punishments
True
False
44
Selective attention allows us to:
Shift focus between tasks
Maintain attention in the presence of competing distractors
Respond simultaneously to multiple task demands
Maintain attention to complete a task accurately over a period of time
45
Which form of data collection measures how long the behavior lasts from start to end?
Duration
Frequency
Latency
Rate
46
Not taking events personally is a critical component of maintain therapeutic relationships called:
Beneficence principle
Non-maleficence principle
Non-judgmental approach
Veracity
47
The risk of returning to substance misuse after injury is
15 times higher
3 times higher
5 times higher
10 times higher
48
There are two main approaches to cognitive rehabilitation:
Cognitive and communicative
Compensatory and restorative
Neuropsychological and speech-language pathology
Adaptability and compensatory
49
What percentage of adults with brain injuries tested positive for alcohol use at the time of injury?
10%
24%
38%
56%
50
Person-centered care emphasizes
The quality of the therapeutic relationship is a major factor in outcomes
A whole-person, whole-family, whole-systems approach to care
A treatment approach historically rooted in the moral model
The person needs self-awareness in order to engage in self-advocacy
51
A legally-enforceable arrangement in which the guardian has the legal right and duty to care for another
Legal Guardian
Living Will
Conservatorship
Power of Attorney
52
The potential to develop psychiatric disorders following a brain injury are related to factors such as:
Delayed emergency medical services
The duration of post-traumatic amnestic syndrome
Marital status prior to the brain injury
Age, gender, and premorbid functioning
53
What are the 3 parts of the Stability Triangle?
Behavioral Stability, Medical Stability, Cognitive Stability
Medical Stability, Stable Behavior, Stable Activity Plan
Physical, Medical, and Emotional Stability
Behavioral Stability, Medical Stability, Cognitive Stability
54
Which model of Cognitive Rehab focuses on developing strategies to accommodate limitations?
Cognitive Approach
CompensatoryApproach
Restorative Approach
Reactive Approach
55
Schedule of reinforcement sometimes results in reinforcement, less resistant to extinction, and promotes generalization
Variable Reinforcement
Continuous Reinforcement
Intermittent Reinforcment
Extinction
56
An event or stimulus that precedes a response and sets the occasion for the behavior to occur is
Establishing Operation
Consequence
Discriminative Stimulus
Response/Behavior
57
The functional systems model proposes that loss or impairment of a specific brain function is the result of
Disruption to connections between regions in the brain
Damage to a local region or center in the brain
Neurotransmitter changes following injuries
Damage to the region of the brain or damage to connections between regions
58
Any variable that temporarily alters the effectiveness of some stimulus or event as a reinforcer is
Establishing Operation
Consequence
Discriminative Stimulus
Response/Behavior
59
What is primary fatigue?
Fatigue that is directly the result of brain injury or disease
A combination of stressors and injury features resulting in tiredness
A symptom of anxiety and withdrawal
The result of prolonged depression and inactivity
60
What is meant by dual diagnosis?
Symptoms that resemble a psychiatric disorder but are in-fact fpr attention
Having both a traumatic and non traumatic brain injury
Having both a brain injury and a psychiatric diagnosis
Two or more distinct brain regions injured during the same event
61
What is a Functionally Equivalent alternative behavior for task refusal?
A Talk Pass
Noise Cancelling Headphones
A Snack
A Break Card
62
What percentage of people with TBI have a personality disorder?
23%
33%
18%
45%
63
Model that focuses on making changes to the physical and social environment to better meet the needs of the individual
Biomedical
Functional
Sociopolitical
Environmental
64
The willful infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment
Abuse
Neglect
Exploitation
65
Which form of data collection measures how many times a specific behavior occurs?
Frequency
Duration
Latency
Rate
66
What factors contribute to benign neglect with treating LGBTQ individuals?
Insufficient staff training
Heterosexism
Homophobia
All of the above
67
What is cognitive aging?
Aging and the accompanying physical sensory, and cognitive changes
The normal maturation of mental processes as a person ages
Accelerated loss of mental abilities in a person after a TBI
The normal decline in cognitive abilities as a person grows older
68
Retraining of fundamental cognitive processes can result in reorganization of more complex cognitive processes?
True
False
69
Cognitive impairments include difficulties with everything BUT
Decision-Making
Pressure Sores
Attention
Memory
70
Which model of Cognitive Rehab focuses on reestablishing or strengthening cognitive skills?
CompensatoryApproach
Reactive Approach
CognitiveApproach
Restorative Approach
71
To be treated with respect, receive and send unopened mail and have knowledge of their financial affairs are part of
Notice of Privacy Practices
HIPAA Statement
Client Bill of Rights
Vision Statement
72
Ethnicity relates to:
A set of biological or physical traits shared across generations
The social aspects of groups and cultures
National origins, customs, norms, and languages shared generationally
A set of adopted habits and cultural practices that distinguish groups
73
There is the addition of a stimulus; this decreases the likelihood that the response will occur again
Positive Reinforcement
Positive Punishment
Negative Punishment
Negative Reinforcment
74
People who exhibit a change in personality after a TBI are often diagnosed with
Organic Personality Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Obsessive Personality Disorder
Post traumatic personality disorder
75
Cognitive impairments can impact
a. Level of independence and life satisfaction
a. Social interactions and family interactions
All of the above
a. Educational or vocational engagement
76
What type of behavioral assessment involves interviews with families and checklists?
Direct Method
Functional Analysis
Functional Assessment
Indirect Method
77
When intervention methods are aimed at meaningful participation, the model is being used probably the
Environmental Model
Moral Model
Biomedical Model
Functional Model
78
What is localization of brain functions?
Brain abilities will vary depending on local and immediate demands
The division of lobes by function alongside anatomical markers
Brain areas that are used more than others will grow at a faster rate
There are areas or centers in the brain responsible for specific functions
79
Which one is not a part of a behavior program?
Change the behavior
Define the behavior
Rate the behavior
Assess the behavior
80
A Substance Use Disorder involves continued use despite
Psychological Consequences
Health Consequences
All of the above
Social Consequences

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