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HSSG chemistry Test 1
HSSG chemistry Test 1
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1
What are the 4 orbital shapes?
s g d f
c p d f
s p d f
s p d k
2
What is electronegativity?
When an atom attracts shared pairs of electrons to itself
When my phone runs out of battery
The ability to take an electron from another atom
When a substance can move electrons from one atom to another
3
What is the error in the following orbital diagram?
3p too full
Too many 3s orbitals
No Error
2s arrows both up
4
Which is a physical change?
boiling
baking bread
a change that results in a different substance
rust
5
Define: Electronegativity
The force by which one objects attracts another.
Compounds made up of non-metals.
Shows the structural arrangement of atoms in compounds.
The tendency of an atom to attract electrons.
6
Definition of Principle Quantum Number
Number of valence electrons in an atom
the shape of the orbital
electrons in each orbital
related to size & energy of valence electron
7
A 4 g key is placed in a glass of water. It displaces 2 ml of water. What is its density?
0.5 ml/g
1.5 ml/g
2 g/ml
1.5 g/ml
8
This orbital notation diagram shows the element__
C
F
N
O
9
The
neutral
subatomic particle is
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Atom
10
What are valence electrons?
The smallest electrons
The electrons located in the outermost shell
Electrons that are closest to the nucleus
Electrons that do not bond
11
What is NOT so special about families (groups) on the periodic table?
They tell the number of valence electrons
They share similar physical properties
They share the same chemical properties
They bond similarly
12
What is the difference between an atom in the ground state vs the excited state?
an excited atom has one more electron than an atom in ground
an excited atom has more energy and is less stable
the atom in an excited state has fewer electrons
Ground state is less energy and less stable
13
What is the atomic mass of Oxygen?
Not enough information
15.999 amu
7.999 amu (or 15.999 - 8)
8 amu
14
What is true about the ground state of an atom?
It will emit light
It has higher potential energy
It will eventually return to an excited state
It is the position of maximum stability for electrons
15
How do you calculate density?
Density = Mass x Volume
Density = Volume / Mass
Mass = Density x Volume
Density = Mass / Volume
16
A ping-pong ball and golf ball are about the same size. Why is the golf ball’s density greater than the ping-pong?
The ping-pong ball is smooth.
The ping-pong ball is solid.
The golf ball has a greater mass.
The golf ball has indentions.
17
Why is electronegativity important?
It makes atoms go into an excted state
It makes bonding possible
It makes atoms go into a ground state
It makes atoms gain electrons
18
Select the best answer.
11 protons, 11 neutrons, 11 electrons
11 protons 12 neutrons, 11 electrons
12 protons, 12 neutrons, 12 electrons
10 protons, 11 neutrons, 12 electrons
19
Which material has the highest density?
All the same.
Diamond
Foam
Iron
20
Which of these are Physical properties?
Changing phases and a precipitate
Color and emitting light
Color and density
Temperature and emitting heat
21
What are the physical properties of metals?
shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductors of electricity and heat.
dull, malleable, poor conductors of heat and electricity
shiny, malleable, ductile, poor conductors of electricity and heat.
dull, brittle, strong conductors of heat and electricity
22
sodium is in the __ orbital block
s
p
f
d
23
What is a cation?
Positively charged ion
Neutrally charged ion
A cat with an ion
negatively charged ion
24
As you go across a period from left to right on the periodic table, the size of an atom will:
can't tell
decrease
increase
remain the same
25
What is the electron configuration of F?
1s2 2s2 2p9
1s2 2s2 3p6
1s2 2s2 2p5
1s2 2s2 2p7
26
Alkaline earth metals all end in s^1 valence electrons.
Can’t generalize
False
True
27
The nucleus of an atom contains:
empty space
protons and neutrons
electrons and neutrons
protons and electrons
28
Which label names of an Atom are correct?
a) Proton b) Electron c) Neutron
a) Neutron b) Proton c) Electron
a) Crust b) Core c) Inner Core
a) Electron b) Proton c) Neutron
29
How many valence electrons do halogens have?
7
it depends on the atomic number
17
it depends on the period of the element
30
What is the atomic number of Boron?
10.81
5.81 (or 10.81 - 5)
Not enough information
5
31
High density objects have:
a large volume for their temperature
a small volume for their temperature
a large volume for their mass
a small volume for their mass
32
What is the error in the following orbital diagram?
4p not after 3d
No error
arrows not paired
3d not filled
33
Elements in BLUE located to the LEFT of the staircase are...
nonmetals
metalloids
Solids
None of the above
34
What two subatomic particles contain almost all of the mass in an atom?
Electrons and Neutrons
Metals and nonmetals
Protons and Neutrons
Protons and Electrons
35
What happens when an excited electron “jumps” back down to its ground state?
It absorbs all the different frequencies of light
It emits a specific frequency of light
It absorbs a specific frequency of light
It emits all the different frequencies of light
36
The atomic number of an element is the number of
electrons and protons
protons and neutrons
protons
electrons
37
Name the family that has a full octet.
none of these
halogens
alkali earth metals
alkali metals
38
The
positive
subatomic particle is
atom
Neutron
electron
Proton
39
What is the electron configuration for Strontium?
[Ar]9s23d14s5
1s2 2s22p5
[Kr] 5s2
[Ne]3s2
40
Electronegativity decreases moving from left to right on the Periodic Table.
False
True
41
If an object has a mass of 40 g and a volume of 10 cm^3, what is its density?
0.25 g/cm^3
400 g/cm^3
0.4 g/cm^3
4 g/cm^3
42
The atomic mass of an element is the number of
protons and neutrons
protons
electrons and protons
electrons
43
What do you label the vertical elements with similar characteristics?
Metals
Families
Semicolons
Periods
44
The Law of Definite Proportions states:
Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chem reaction
Elements can combine in more than one way to form compounds
Elements combine in the same ratio by mass to form compounds
A chemical formula must always be balanced.
45
Match the electron configuration to this orbital diagram.
1s22s5
1s22s22p63s2
1s22s22p5
1s22s22p4
46
What does the zig zag line on the periodic table do?
Separates left from right.
Separates solids from liquids
Separates metals from non metals.
Separates solids from gasses
47
Law of multiple proportions states that
water's formula can be written as any ratio of 2:1 (H2O or H4O2)
elements can mix in multiple ways to form the same compound
elements combine in the same ratio by mass to form compounds
elements combine in the smallest whole number ratios to form a compound
48
Three phases or states of matter:
atom, molecule element
condensation, evaporation, precipitation
liquid, solid, gas
hamburger, cheeseburger, hot dog
49
What is the error in the following orbital diagram?
3p is not after 3s
3p arrows wrong way
Unfilled 2s
Overfilled 3s
50
What element is this?
Oxygen
Florine
Sulfur
Nitrogen
51
Convert 200 m to km.
20,000 km
0.2 km
2,000 k
2 km
52
Why does ionization energy increase as you move across a period from left to right?
There are more electrons to remove
More energy levels are filled
There are fewer valence electrons
The nucleus becomes more attractive
53
Which family are halogens in?
1
18
2
17
54
When is your chemistry exam due?
Thursday
Wednesday
Tuesday
Monday
55
What is an orbital?
The area where a Electron will probably show up
The area where a Proton will probably show up
The orbit of the Earth around the Sun
56
Which element is most likely to become an anion?
Cl
Mg
H
He
57
What is ionization energy?
The energy needed for atoms to gain electrons
How charged an ion is
The energy required for an atom to lose electrons
The energy needed of an atom to hold its electrons
58
What directions does increasing atomic radius go on the periodic table?
Left and up
Right and down
Left and down
Right and up
59
Isotopes differ how?
Atoms of the same element having different # protons
Atoms of the same element having different # electrons
Atoms of a different element having the same # electrons
Atoms of the same element having different # neutrons
60
In order to get the number of these, you have to subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass.
electrons
atoms
protons
neutrons
61
The Law of Conservation of Mass states:
Only a chemical reaction can create matter.
Only a chemical reaction can destroy matter.
Mass of the reactants is not the same as the mass of the products.
The mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products.
62
The chemical properties of a substance determine how it will react with other substances.
True
False
63
The first column of the periodic table are all alkali metals.
False
True
64
Groups on the periodic table are arranged
Horizontally
Vertically
65
Where are the least reactive elements on the periodic table?
Halogens
Alkali Metals
Nobel Gasses
Transition Metals
66
A box has a volume of 24 in^3. Divide by ___ to find the volume in ft^3.
(12)(12)
(12)(12)(12)
12
(12)(12)(12)(12)
67
What is matter?
It doesn’t matter!
anything that has mass.
something that takes up space.
anything that has mass and takes up space.
68
Alkali Metals end in S^1
False
True
