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Honors Bio Review
Honors Bio Review
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Honors Biology Final Exam Review #honorsbiology #science #difficult
Flashcards
127 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
127
Answers
1
________ is when large molecules are pushed out of the cell and into the environment
none of the above
phagocytosis
endocytosis
exocytosis
2
How are CAM plants different?
They don't need water to make food
They make more sugar than regular plants
All of the above
They open at night to make food and release CO2
3
What is evolution?
all of the above
the change in allele frequency over time
the change in only genotypes over time
the change in only phenotypes over time
4
Cellular respiration is the process that breaks down glucose into CO
2
and H
2
O to release energy
Ch 7
Ch 6
Ch 5
Ch 4
5
Name three carbohydrates
glycerol, triglyceride, transfats
disaccharides, monosaccharides, polysaccharides
monosaccharides, guanine, adenine
ketene, pentene, septene
6
All living things are made of four macromolecules: carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleus acids
Ch 7
Ch 2
Ch 10
Ch 3
7
glucose+galactose=
fructose
lactose
sucrose
maltose
8
Codons are grouped into...
pairs
threes
fours
sixes
9
Hypotonic means the cell loses water faster than it can replace it.
False
True
10
The function of mitosis is...
Two un-identical daughter cells
Growth and repair
Three haploid cells
Division and sex cells
11
Hydroxyl looks like...
--OH
--COOH
C=H
--NH2
12
an example of a monohybrid cross is...
Bb x BB
KLkL x KLKL
XX x XY
Bkl x bKl
13
How many carbons does propane have?
12
3
8
17
14
What is true of all living things?
all of the above
they take up space
they are made of matter
they has mass
15
Hypertonic means the animal cells shrink and the plant cells pull away from their membrane
False
True
16
The mitochondria formed before the chloroplasts
True
False
17
Microfilaments...
translate amino acids
carry out the construction of proteins
aren't found in any cell
make the 3D network of support in the plasma
18
Discovery science uses inductive reasoning
False
True
19
The ____ grow out from the centrosome
Carbon fissure
Metaphase plate
Kinetichore
Spindle fibers
20
P
+
has a positive charge
False
True
21
N
0
has a neutral charge
False
True
22
A diploid is...
A fertilized egg
Two sets of homologous chromosomes
Sperm and egg cells
One set of homologous chromosomes
23
The Golgi apparatus...
Modifies proteins
is made in the rough ER
starts the synthesizing of molecules
Stops the synthesizing of molecules
24
CIlia cleans our lungs from mucus
False
True
25
Structure never correlates with function
False
True
26
Leaves are green because they _____ light
Absorb green
Reflect green
27
____ science uses verifiable observation and measurements to describe science
Hypothesis based
Space
Discovery
Logical
28
Mitochondrion has its own DNA and ribosomes
False
True
29
Glucose+Glucose=
lactose
fructose
sucrose
maltose
30
The centromeres split in ____
Anaphase
Metaphase
Prophase
Telophase
31
Carbonyl looks like...
--COOH
--NH2
--OH
C=O
32
What is non disjunction?
When the gametes don't divide properly
When the cell produces too many identical gametes
When the eggs are terminated before being brought to term
Somatic cells
33
What results from glycolysis?
Glucose
NAD
Pyruvic acid
Oxygen
34
Subtle differences affect the function of a molecule
True
False
35
What is a monomer of DNA?
a nucleic acid
a nucleotide
an amino acid
all of the above
36
Intermediate filaments are used to reinforce and anchor the cell
False
True
37
Which comes first, Photosystem I or Photosystem II?
Photosystem II
Photosystem I
38
Organisms can often inherit ___ in predictable ways
genotypes
alleles
traits
phenotypes
39
A(n) ___ is bigger than a(n) ___
Ion; DNA
DNA; ion
Molecule;atom
Atom;molecule
40
Why do we need the light reactions?
All of the above
They absorb light energy
They use isotopes
They fixate the carbon
41
What is the first part of cellular respiration called?
Krebs Cycle
substrate level phosporylation
Glycolysis
the ETC
42
incomplete dominance is when...
the child looks nothing like the parents
the child gets all recessive genes from heterozygous parents
none of these are correct
the first generation falls between both parents
43
How many times must the Calvin cycle complete to make 18 ATP
1x
2x
18x
6x
44
In order to function, cells must allow substances to enter and must obtain ___ from them
only ATP
only ADP
energy
food
45
What is biology and how is life organized?
the study of earth, from the core to the crust
the study of life, from the atom to the biosphere
the study of life, by the size of cells
the study of living animals, from plants to animals
46
What is the unaltered group that is used for a standard of comparison called?
Neutral group
Variable
Dependent Group
Control group
47
Where does crossing over occur?
Metaphase I
Mitosis
Metaphase II
Anaphase
48
Facilitated diffusion...
All of the above
Moves all substances against their gradient
Moves specific substances against their gradient
expends energy to move something across the membrane.
49
Amino looks like...
--COOH
C=O
--NH2
--OH
50
Plants are the only producers of the biosphere
False
True
51
What supplies the lost electrons to P680?
Phosphate
ATP
Water
Sunlight
52
Isotonic means the cell has the same concentration as the outside fluid
False
True
53
Active transport is only found in plant cells
False
True
54
Eukaryotes reproduce using binary fission
False
True
55
What is the third part of cellular respiration called?
oxidative phosporylation
Krebs Cycle
the ETC
Glycolysis
56
What is cellulose?
The most abundant organic compound
Found in plant walls
A polysaccharide
All of the above
57
____ Coils up before cell division
Chromatin
Ribosomes
DNA
Protein
58
Photosynthesis is a _____ reaction
redoxidation
none of the above
exergonic
oxidation
59
Carboxyl looks like...
--NH2
--COOH
C=O
--OH
60
What did Rosalin Franklin discover?
She studied purines and pyrimidines.
The shape of the RNA
The base pairing
The shape of the DNA
61
Abnormal number of sex chromosomes always affect survival
False
True
62
The cell membrane is the same thing as the cell wall, it's just found in plant cells.
False
True
63
Methyl is not polar and is not hydrophilic
True
False
64
Unsaturated fats have a double bond in the tails
False
True
65
________ is when the cell chooses specific molecules with proteins
exocytosis
receptor mediated endocytosis
endocytosis
phagocytosis
66
What happens as a result of the Krebs Cycle?
Pyruvic acid breaks down furthur
Carbon dioxide is turned into oxygen
NADH turns into NAD
All of the above
67
Carbon skeletons can be arranged in rings
False
True
68
Cells are made up of organelles that...
manufacture and break down
obtain energy
all of the above
support, move, and communicate with other cells
69
The first electron shell holds ___ electrons
8
2
4
16
70
Lysosomes make proteins
True
False
71
Photosynthesis is the process of making ___ out of ___ and ___ using sunlight as energy
fructose, H2O, CO2
maltose, glucose, fructose
glucose, CO2, H2O
galactose, H2O, sunlight
72
How do organisms grow and reproduce?
all of the above
only sexual reproduction
only asexual reproduction
cell division
73
Where do the light reactions occur?
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
cell wall
Thylakoid membranes
74
Electrons can be...
Taken
Given
Shared
All of the above
75
Deletion, insertion, duplication and ____ are alterations on the chromosomes
Reciprocal translocation
Reciprocal transportation
Loci infusion
Extroversion
76
Proteins are found in only one form.
False
True
77
The cell elongates in____
Prophase
Anaphase
Telophase
Metaphase
78
Complete dominance is when...
the third generation always looks like the parents
the second generation always looks like the parent
none of these are correct
the first generation always looks like the parent
79
Which are the main stages of meiosis?
Interphase, Meiosis I, Meiosis II
Prophase, metaphase, metaphase II
Metaphase I, Metaphase II, telophase
Interphase, Prometaphase I, telophase
80
What is the difference between Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
the places that they are found in the earth
Eukaryotic don't have a nucleus
Prokaryotic don't have a nucleus
All of the above
81
dihybrid cross is...
matin gparental varieties that are different in 2 characters
when a combination of genes make a zygote
four when parents have one kid
none of the above
82
Osmosis is a branch of diffusion
False
True
83
A theory is...
A fact
A true idea supporyed by evidence
A tentative explanation a scientist says for a phenomenon
A widely accepted explanatory idea that is broad in scope
84
You look similar to your siblings because of mitosis
False
True
85
What are karyotypes
An X-ray
All of the above
A sex linked disease
A picture of all the chromosomes
86
Denaturation is when
synthetic variants make testosterone
water mixes with fats momentarily
the shape of a protein is altered, destroying its function
All of the above
87
What codes a template for protein synthesis?
all of the above
mRNA
tRNA
DNA
88
E
-
has a neutral charge
True
False
89
The sex is decided by somatic cell combinations
True
False
90
What unzips DNA?
RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
ligase
helicase
91
What is a non-polar covalent bond?
A bond where e- are shared equally between 2 atoms
A double bond between 2 electronegative atoms
A very electronegative bond
A weak chem. bond formed with a hydrogen atom
92
Hydrolysis takes away water to bond polymers
True
False
93
Two identical alleles are not called
homozygous
heterozygous
94
What is the lagging strand called specifically?
All of the above
Franklin's strand
5'-1'
5'-3'
95
Large molecules can/can't move across the membrane through passive transport
Can
Can't
96
Unicellular organisms reproduce asexually
False
True
97
Meiosis reduces the chromosome number in quarters
True
False
98
glucose+fructose=
fructose
sucrose
maltose
lactose
99
Which of these is not a functional group?
Iodoxyl
Hydroxyl
phosphate
Carboxyl
100
Plant cells don't perform cellular respiration
True
False
101
The centrosomes move away from each other in ____
Metaphase
Prometaphase
Anaphase
Prophase
102
The proteins are made in the...
All of the above
Smooth ER
Peroxisome
Rough ER
103
Which formed first, prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
104
What is the second part of cellular respiration called?
Krebs Cycle
oxidative phosporylation
the ETC
Glycolysis
105
Geneticists test cross an organism with a ____ organism to decided it's genotype
homozygous recessive
cloned
homozygous dominant
heterozygous
106
The cell spends ___ in prophase and ___ in the M phase
50%; 50%
60%; 40%
90%; 10%
10%; 90%
107
The central vacuole...
Is found in the plant cell
Absorbs water
Takes up most of the cell
All of the above
108
What is the purpose of the photosystems?
All of the above
they make amino acids
Electrons are moved down an ETC to generate ATP
They ionize certain molecules to be eaten
109
Microtubules...
are used to guide organelles along a "track"
All of the above
breakdown organelles for new use
are membrane sacs
110
Osmosis moves big molecules over the cell membrane
False
True
111
What happens when a pigment absorbs a photon?
The photon absorbs the sun
The pigment absorbs the sun
Two photons come together and release energy
The photon jumps to the outer shell and releases energy
112
What is a semi-conservative model?
The DNA starts over every time
One side of the DNA is destroyed and rebuilt
A and C
The DNA uses itself for a template
113
Tonicity is the ability to lose or gain water
True
False
114
A hypothesis must be ___ and ____
Specific and falsifiable
Testable and falsifiable
Testable and ttue
Testable and false
115
Lipids are important because...
they form enzymes
they consist of simple single-monomer sugars
make DNA (you better not choose this one...)
they store energy and cushion organs
116
The nucleolus makes ribosomes
False
True
117
The Krebs cycle is also called the citric acid cycle
False
True
118
Endergonic reactions ___ exergonic reactions
stop
drive
make
start
119
________ is when the cell eats the particle by enveloping it&pulling it into (be specific)
phagocytosis
exocytosis
none of the above
endocytosis
120
What is the central dogma of biology
Meiosis;Mitosis;Sexual Reproduction
DNA->RNA->Protein
All life is in the biosphere
mRNA->tRNA->DNA
121
Most genes have multiple alleles
False
True
122
What happens as a result of substrate level phosphorylation?
6C6H12O6 are formed
Oxygen is turned into carbon
All of the above
6 CO2, 6H2O, and 38 ATP are formed
123
___ Is used in active transport
ATP
ADP
Macromolecules
Iodine
124
Meiosis is different than mitosis in all stages
False
True
125
Ionic bonds...
Hold together two isomers
Hold together two ions with the opposite charge
Hold together two positive atoms
Hold together two ions with the same charge
126
Hydrogen bonds are not important to life
True
False
127
Hypothesis-based science depends on discovery science
True
False
