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Earth Science-1st Semester
Earth Science-1st Semester
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Earth's Energy and Mineral Resources: Chapter 5 Rock Cycle: Chapter 3
Flashcards
54 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
A rock is..............
always a sedimentary rock first.
igneous or metamorphic.
a mixture of minerals, rock fragments and organic material.
always formed above ground.
2
Minerals are...............................................?
Rocks
Organic
Building blocks of rocks.
Found in liquid form.
3
The variable in an experiment that changes.
Constant
Independent
Dependent
Control
4
What is the basic unit of matter?
Atom
Neutron
Cell
Proton
5
What are resources that are used up faster than they can be replaced?
Mineral resources
Nonrenewable
Renewable
6
Electricity that is produced by running water is called?
Hydroelectric
Solar
All of the above
Biomass
7
What state of matter occurs when the matter flows and takes the shape of the container?
Liquid
Solid
Plasma
Gas
8
Another test to identify minerals is?
Comparing specific gravity
With hydrochloric acid
All of the above
Using magnets
9
What landform is formed by forces pushing up Earth's crust?
Volcanic Mountain
Fault-Block Mountain
Upwarped Mountain
Folded Mountain
10
Which step is NOT part of the scientific method?
Analyze the data.
Gather information.
None of the above.
Create a hypothesis.
11
Minerals that are more rare and beautiful are called?
Shiny
Crystals
Gems
Jewelry
12
When livestock eat all the vegetation in a field, it is called?
overgrazing
leaching
erosion
weathering
13
What landform is called a lowland because it is lower in elevation than the land around it?
Interior plain
Mountain
Plateau
Coastal plain
14
What state of matter occurs when a substance completely fills a container?
Plasma
Solid
Gas
Liquid
15
Intrusive igneous rocks form when?
Temperature and pressure are increased.
Magma cools below Earth's surface.
Lava cools on Earth's surface.
Sediments are compacted together.
16
What state of matter occurs when atoms are strongly attracted and do not change position?
Liquid
Plasma
Solid
Gas
17
Mechanical weathering is more rapid in what type of climate?
moderate
dry
cold
tropical
18
A prediction that can be tested.
Hypothesis
Constant
Dependent
Variable
19
Examples of fossil fuels include?
Natural gas
Oil
All of the above
Coal
20
Why are nonrenewable resources still used when there are other renewable options available?
Nonrenewable resources pollute the environment less.
None of the above
Renewable resources can require more energy than they output
Nonrenewable are less expensive.
21
The rock cycle includes all but which process?
Evaporation
Melting
Heat and pressure
Weathering and erosion
22
Foliated rocks have what feature because of heat and pressure that is applied?
holes
parallel layers
large grains
interlocking pieces
23
What type of energy is produced from atomic reactions?
Geothermal
Solar
Hydroelectric
Nuclear
24
Chemical weathering is more rapid in what type of climate?
dry
tropical
cold
moderate
25
What is the transition line for calendar days?
Prime meridian
International Date Line
Equator
26
What practices help slow soil erosion?
All of the above
Planting shelter belts.
Plowing
Overgrazing
27
The different layers of soil make up a _________?
soil profile
topsoil
humus
leaching
28
The climate of an area is the weather pattern over many years.
True
False
29
Metamorphic rock forms by all except?
Heat
Hot fluids
Erosion
Pressure
30
What imaginary line represents 0
o
longitude?
Prime Meridian
Equator
International Date Line
31
What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering?
The length of time it takes to break up rock.
They each occur in different parts of the world.
Only chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of a rock.
Only chemical weathering includes water.
32
What type of energy is created form burning garbage, alcohol and wood?
Biomass
Nonrenewable
Geothermal
Hydroelectric
33
Weathering occurs mainly in what horizon?
A
C
B
D
34
What landform is a flat, raised area of land made up of nearly horizontal rocks?
Interior Plain
Plateau
Mountain
Coastal Plain
35
Which layer of soil contains the most humus of all the layers?
A
B
D
C
36
What imaginary line represents 0
0
latitude?
Prime meridian
International date line
Equator
37
What are the characteristics of all minerals?
Inorganic
Formed by natural processes.
Crystalline solids
All of the above
38
What is a way that minerals are not identified by?
Luster
Color
Hardness
Their streak color
39
Lines that run parallel, either north or south to the equator are called?
Latitude
Prime meridian
Longitude
40
A hypothesis is a prediction that can be tested in an experiment.
False
True
41
What lines measures distances east or west of the International Date Line?
Contour interval
Longitude
Latitude
Equator
42
Metamorphic rocks are described as.........
extrusive and intrusive.
foliated and nonfoliated.
compacted or weathered.
detrital, chemical or organic.
43
Sedimentary rocks form...............
as a result from heat and pressure.
when rock fragments are pressed and cemented together.
in the presence of hot fluids.
when hot magma cools and hardens.
44
What is the fossil fuel in the world in the greatest amount?
Oil
Coal
Natural gas
Ore
45
What is the process called when minerals from above horizons dissolve in water and are carried down to other horizons?
none of the above
oxidation
weathering
leaching
46
The organic material in humus includes______?
plant leaves and stems
sand
air
weathered rocks
47
What is the landform that is described as largely flat with few trees?
Plateau
Plain
Mountain
48
Which of the following are direct causes of mechanical weathering?
water
ice
none of the above
oxygen
49
Energy that is created from the hot magma or hot, dry rock inside the Earth?
Geothermal
Hydroelectric
Nuclear
Biomass
50
What line on a map connects points of equal elevation?
index contour
contour interval
contour line
51
Which source of energy is used most in the United States?
Nuclear
Oil
Coal
Natural gas
52
What is the chemical process that removes impurities from metal?
Ore
Recycling
Fission
Smelting
53
Rocks are destroyed during the rock cycle.
True
False
54
Soil is made up of decayed organic matter and __________?
water and air
weathered rock
all of the above
mineral fragments