Evidence Based Practice 1 Exam 1

Preclinical, involve lab studies that focus on theory/understanding mechanism of disease, may not apply clinically

Description of the purpose of a project and what the study seeks to accomplish

Achieve population health, reduce cost of care, and improve patient experience, clinician experience, and health equity

When one variable increases, the value of another variable increases

The ______ purpose statement includes the overall intent of the study and rationale for combining both research strands.

Replication is important to confirm findings, demonstrate outcomes under different positions and different settings

Researcher manipulates/controls variables and observes effects, evaluates cause and effect

Involves phase 4 trials and follow approval of treatment, also determine other factors that will influence outcomes

Can be experimental or non-experimental, what you are actually going to do

What type of studies form the highest evidence for prognosis?

People acquire and maintain certain behavioral patterns

You don’t have to submit a revision of your IRB if you go over your estimated number of participants.

Substitution of letters within a word, often using a ?

Which of these are abstract concepts that aren’t observable?

It is possible to have no risks in your study.

Choosing a small group to represent an larger one

Which ethical principle protects participants from physical or psychological harm?

Which of these is not one of the 3 basic ethical principles?

What study type forms the highest level of evidence for interventions?

Practice based evidence is often derived from patients, clinicians, and other stakeholders

Another option

The _____ purpose statement includes the variables, the participants, and the research site.

Based in the real world to determine effectiveness, involves patients with characteristics that vary greatly

Your IRB application will be returned if any aspect of your methods is missing.

Document trends and patterns to suggest research studies

Which is not an element of the Nuremberg code?

Observational, examining phenomena as they exist to establish risk factors or casual chains

Which of these is a formal statement of ethical principles published by the World Medical Association?

Links development of theory with research collection in iterative approach

Used to reconcile several theoretical perspectives

Specific client group or population

Theories that form a bridge between theory and empirical observation

Example: As height increases, so does weight

Question specific to patient and management using PICO elements

Hierarchical set of terms that can be used to search with varying letters of specificity

Secondary outcomes determine if an intervention is successful.

The ICF does not include the effect of environmental and personal factors

Sources that provide a broad overview of a topic, data, or already proven facts in a convenient form.

Derived when theories reach a level of absolute consistency

Acceptance of proposition and subsequent inferences that can be drawn, used to test hypothesis, usually quantitative

Which ethical principle ensures that participants are free to make choices and have a right to privacy?

The purpose statement of a study is not:

Placebos may be used when there is no proven intervention.

Example-restrictions on use of MRIs that could be informative because of expense

How long can searches be saved in collections in PubMed?

Study of interventions under controlled conditions to establish cause and effect relationship

Which of these requires an IRB to approve all studies involving human species?

Open-ended questions, emerging approaches, text or image data

Association- 2 or more things are related or connected to one another

Which of these is not an element of informed consent?

Provides a source of questions to determine how observations fit expected outcomes

Involves phase 2 and 3 trials to determine if intervention works

Approach for exploring/understanding the meaning of individuals ascribed to a social problem

Experimental designs to establish cause and effect between intervention and outcomes

Example: Unnecessary surgeries or mammograms for older women

Overall strategy chosen to integrate the components of the study in coherent way

Clinical focus, intended to advance knowledge to support new tests and therapies

Main part of a grant application, describes PI’s proposed research, defines what will occur and responsibilities

Describes characteristics of individuals/groups/population to better understand conditions

Refining a search by using “AND, OR, and NOT”

PCOR has the goal of involving patients in the development of research questions and outcome measures

Which is not a question that should be asked after appraising a study?

Determines efficacy of intervention, involves specific inclusion/exclusion, eliminates those that could vary data

PCOR is based on how the patient interprets their responses to interventions

Which is not a form of misconduct for researchers?

In non-experimental studies, all the variables are dependent

Trials address both efficacy or effectiveness

Publications that present original research in its original form:

What is the baseline standard of ethics that any government funded research in the US is held to?

Which ethical principle ensures that all participants are treated equitably?

Articles that do not show a significance difference/effect are often published.

Approach for testing objective theories by examining the relationship between variables

Publications that generalize, analyze, interpret, evaluate, or add value to literature

More comprehensive, try to explain phenomena at societal level

Which is not an example of grey literature?

Which of these groups is not considered a “special/vulnerable population” on the IRB application?

Example- providing inappropriate medications to elderly patients

When one variable increases, another variable decreases

Logic that develops generalization from specific observations, uses observation to form theory, usually qualitative

Approach you take to answer research questions, can be qualitative, quantitative, or mixed

Translation of bench research to humans, involves phase 1 studies to determine safety

Achieve population health, reduce cost of care, improve patient experience

Which of the following is not a guideline to avoid plagiarism?

The PI is in charge of all aspects of the research and creates the research plan.

Which of these are generalized statements that assert theoretical linkages between concepts?

Who published the Belmont Report?

Replacement of letters at the end of key terms with a *

Dr. Traywick tells you to look in the “literature”. This includes CDs/DVDs, Maps, and/or conference papers.

Closed ended questions, pre-defined approaches, numeric data

What you want to do

The ______ research statement includes the central phenomenon, the participants, the research site.

Results of studies carried out in real world conditions that do not allow same level of control as a randomized study

Researcher describes/looks at relationships/correlation between variables, variables are not manipulated

The higher the rejection rate, the higher the journal quality.

The lower the impact factor, the more important/prestigious the journal is within it’s field.

Your research question, hypothesis, overall research protocol

Example: When exercise increases, weight decreases

Which of these is an abstract that allows us to classify natural phenomena and empirical observations?

What you want to achieve

Focuses on population health and how research results reach those who need it