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APBio- Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function Flashcards | StudBud
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APBio- Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function
APBio- Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function
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1
Why are cells so darn small?!?!
To make AP Bio student lives miserable
To maximize the surface area to volume ratio of the cell
They are not small, rather we are just enormous organisms
To make money for the companies that make microscopes
2
Water molecules move across the membrane quickly using a transport protein called...
water slides
aquafer
water channels
aquaporins
3
This organelle operates like a "post office" by recieving, sorting and shipping cell products.
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Chloroplast
4
What benefit/advantage is provided by the folding of the inner membrane of the mitochondria?
Increased volume
Decreases surface area
Decreased ATP production
Increased surface area
5
Large, polar substances and ionic substances rely on which mode of transport?
Facilitated diffusion
Metro North
Simple diffusion
CT FastTrack
6
All of the following molecules make up the "mosaic" structure of the cell membrane EXCEPT...
cholesterol
proteins
phospholipids
starch
7
This organelle is the main location for the production of ATP for the cell.
Gogli apparatus
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum
8
The inner compartments of the chloroplasts are called ...
stroma
vesicles
thylakoids
matrix
9
What are the functions of membrane proteins?
Cell-to-cell communication
Transport
Signal transduction
Enzymatic activity
10
This type of solution has a GREATER OSMOLARITY relative to the cell.
Hypotonic
High Water Potential
Isotonic
Hypertonic
11
The cell wall of plants is different from the cell wall of prokaryotes because it is made of ..
Bricks and mortar
Peptidoglycon
Chitin
Cellulose
12
This organelle is where the DNA is stored in eukaryotic cells.
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
13
BOTH animal and plant cells have ...
chloroplasts
cell walls
large central vacuole
mitochondria
14
When cells are surrounded by a solution with low water potential, they will...
mutate and become cancerous
Shrink and potentially shrivel/die
maintain homeostasis
Swell and potentially lyse
15
This subcellular component is responsible for the manufacture of proteins.
Chloroplast
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Ribosome
16
An example of a substance that can freely move across the membrane by simple diffusion is...
Water
Na+
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
17
TRUE/FALSE: A solution with relatively low osmolarity has high water potential.
TRUE
False
18
Cells that produce a large number of proteins will contain many of which type of subcellular component?
Cilia
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Ribosomes
19
Which mechanism of transport requires the input of energy to move substances against their concentration gradient?
Simple Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Passive Transport
Active Transport
20
Molecules which are too large to pass through transport proteins will be moved across the membrane by...
Simple Diffusion
Endo-/Exo-cytosis
Factilitated Diffusion
Passive Transport
21
A major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is ...
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus but prokaryotic cells do not
Prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm but eukaryotic cells do not
Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus but eukaryotic cells do not
Eukaryotic cells have cytoplasm but prokaryotic cells do not
22
Which mechanism(s) of transport moves substances along/with their concentration gradient?
Active Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Simple Diffusion
Passive Transport
23
Which part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
glycerol
phosphate group
"tails"
"head"
24
The theory that describes how eukaryotic organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts arose is called...
Theory of Plate Tectonics
Atomic Theory of Matter
Endosymbiotic Theory
Big Bang Theory
25
The correct path for a protein destined for secretion from a cell is ...
Golgi-->Rough ER-->Ribosome-->Vesicle-->Chloroplast
Ribosome-->Mitochondria-->Golgi-->Vesicle-->out of cell
Ribosome-->Rough ER-->Vesicle-->Golgi-->Vesicle-->out of cell
Lysosome-->Rough ER-->Vesicle-->Golgi-->Vesicle-->out of cell
26
A major difference between passive and active transport is ...
passive transport requires energy
passive transport moves against the concentration gradient
active transport moves along the concentration gradient
active transport requires energy
27
ALL cells have each of the following EXCEPT...
Cell wall
Ribosomes
Cell membrane (plasma membrane)
DNA
28
Which types of substances have an easy time moving across the membrane (without assistance)?
large, polar substances
small, polar substances
small, non-polar substances
small, ionic substances
29
All of the following are examples of functions performed by lysosomes EXCEPT...
programmed cell death (apoptosis)
recycling of cellular material
intracellular digestion
ATP synthesis
30
A major difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion is...
diffusion requires a transport protein
facilitated diffusion requires a transport protein
diffusion requires energy
facilitated diffusion requires energy
