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CRI1104 Revision - Psychology of Criminal Behaviour Flashcards | StudBud
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CRI1104 Revision - Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
CRI1104 Revision - Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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1
________ refers to the intentional alteration of a crime scene prior to police attending the scene
Manipulation
Staging
Interference
Tampering
2
Research by Fox and Levin found that most mass killings are motivated by:
Revenge
Profit
Power
Fear
3
Highly violent antiabortion activists are placed in which one of the FBI terrorist groups?
Radical interest extremists
Psychological motivated terrorists
Radical psychological terrorists
Special interest extremists
4
The procedure of trying to mimic an event under laboratory conditions is called:
Simulation
Trialling
Paraexperimenting
Mimicry experimentation
5
According to the social learning position, the manifestation of aggressive behaviour depends on:
The reinforcement gained as a result of the behaviour
All of the these
The attention and cognitive ability of the observer when watching the model
What happens to the model as a consequence of their behaviour
6
The anthrax scare of 2001 is considered an act of:
Chemical warfare
International terrorism
Bioterrorism
ABC terrorism
7
When victims are chosen because the killer associates them with a primary target against whom revenge is sought, this is
Murder by proxy
Associative murder
Loyalty murder
Associative selection
8
Research has found that the two consistent characteristics of school shooters are:
Cruelty to animal and easy access to weapons
Interest in unusual hobbies and a history of drug use
Peer rejection and social rejection
Desire for revenge and a history of drug use
9
According to the FBI's classification system, at a(n) ___________ crime scene, it is likely that no weapon will be found
Uncontrolled
Controlled
Organised
Disorganised
10
An individual in Kohlberg's late pre-conventional stage would likely be focused on:
Satisfying their own needs
Avoiding punishment
Self chosen and consistent principles
Respect and dignity of all human beings
11
Malicious gossip is an example of what type of human aggression?
Indirect passive verbal
Direct active verbal
Direct passive verbal
Indirect active verbal
12
What model do cognitive processes have little influence on appraisal a situation is averse in early stage of frustration
The neo-frustration-aggression model
Cognitive expectancy theory
The cognitive scripts model
The cognitive neoassociation model
13
Terrorists may view their actions as stemming from dictates of authority/leaders rather than themselves, this process is
Dehumanisation
Dichotomy of the identity
Disassociation
Displacement of responsibility
14
The textbook states that domestic terrorism:
has radically different psychological principles than international terror
Causes more psychological damage than international terrorism
Is more violent than international terrorism
Can be understood in the same way as international terrorism
15
Diffusion of responsibility is similar to the concept of:
Authority conformity
Moral destruction
Deindividualisation
Maturation-degeneration hypothesis
16
Which statement is not true of lone-wolf terrorists?
They act without the direction or influence of a leader
They demonstrate poor interpersonal and social skills
Their acts of violence are spontaneous and haphazard
They are more likely to be emotionally disturbed than other terrorists
17
The FBIs Crime Classification Manual have 4 murder classifications, what would killings for material gain be classified?
Sexual gratification
Criminal enterprise murder
Personal cause murder
Group cause murder
18
In which type of crime scene is there evidence that the offender used planning and premeditation?
Mixed crime scene
Reconstructive crime scene
Spontaneous crime scene
Organised crime scene
19
Which of the following is a characteristic of Staub's terrorist groups?
Superiority complex
Hierarchial submission
Cultural devaluation
Equality
20
All terrorist activities are criminal.
False
True
21
Public mass shootings are also known as:
Geographical profiling
Serial killing events
Domestic terrorism
Active shooter situations
22
According to La For (2002), the two basic types of psychological autopsies are:
Compensatory and reconstructive
Emperical and anecdotal
Testimonial and random
Suicide and equivocal death
23
The attacks on September 11, 2001 marked a radical shift in the U.S. connection to terrorism.
False
True
24
According to research by Borum and Gelles (2005), which of the following is not a characteristic of al-Qaeda today?
Strategically adaptive
Fanatical
Far-reaching
Evolving
25
The most common form of intrafamilial violence involves:
Parent acting violent toward child
Child acting violent toward parent
Siblings
Spouses
26
Henry David Thoreau 1846 refused to pay 6yrs of delinquent taxes in opposition to Mexican-American war & slavery this is
Passive resistance
Moral righteousness
Civil disobedience
Anarchal passivity
27
The modus operandi (MO):
Is an unusual pattern that is not necessary to commit the offence
The procedure an offender engages in to successfully commit a crime
A crucial link investigators must focus on when linking crimes
A combination of all of these
28
Some terrorists convince themselves their actions are socially worthy & have an ultimate moral purpose, this process is:
Moral consistency
Moral determinism
Moral justification
Moral absolutionism
29
In general, terrorists are a heterogeneous group.
False
True
30
Which of the following crimes is associated with instrumental aggression?
Rape
Theft/stealing
Vehicular homicide
Vandalism
31
Process that reduces human beings to a level of nonhuman animals without individuality, dignity or autonomy are known as
Degradism
Dehumanisation
Animal morphism
Deindividualisation
32
When a caregiver fabricates or intentionally causes symptoms to seek and obtain medical treatment is usually a case of:
Phanerothyme
The woozy effect
Munchausen syndrome by proxy
Landau-Kleffner syndrome
33
Read the scenario
Madea complex
Rumination
Excitation transfer theory
Road rage
34
The psychodynamic approach to the treatment of aggressive behaviour would most likely emphasise:
Reinforcement
Reduction of aggressive energy through supervised aggressive behaviour
Avoidance of aggressive-provoking stimuli
Appropriate modelling
35
The process where terrorists are convinced their way of life and cultural values are superior to those they attack is:
Cultural conviction
Moral justification
Advantageous comparison
Cultural comparison
36
Which one of Bundara's strategies of disengagement is most apparent in incidents of group violence?
Dehumanisation
Cognitive restructuring
Diffusion of responsibility
Euphemisms
37
An individual's indoctrination to fully embrace a terrorist group's ideology and mission is called:
Social marginalisation
Group affiliation
Radicalisation
Social modelling
38
The type of aggression that includes anger expressions, temper tantrums, vengeful hostility & hot blooded aggression is:
Aggressive mimicry
Reactive aggression
Expressive aggression
Proactive aggression
39
Abusive head trauma is synonymous with:
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Shaken baby syndrome
Munchausen syndrome
Stereotypical abduction
40
Which of the following is not included in Marsella's (2004) definition of terrorism?
It involves the use of force or violence
It is performed by individuals or groups
It is a recent phenomenon
It is used to coerce individuals or groups to change social positions
41
Which of the following offences would not be considered violence under the textbook's definition?
Robbery
Murder
Cyberstalking
Hostage-taking
42
Neonaticide refers to the killing of:
An infant
A child older than 24 hours
A child within the first 24 hours after birth
A child by the mother
43
By definition, an individual who terrorises is a terrorist.
False
True
44
A terrorist who writes a goodbye letter to his parents immediately before carrying out a suicide mission is engaging in:
Living martyrdom
Diengagement
Childhood regression
Point of no return ritual
45
Which classification of homicide is a result of hostile aggression?
Child homicide
Felony commission homicide
Sexual homicide
General altercation homicide
46
Which of the following offenders is not an example of a lone-wolf terrorist?
Theodore Kaczynski (The Unabomber)
Osama Bin Laden
Eric Rudolph
Timothy McVeigh
47
Which statement accurately reflects research findings on gender differences in aggression?
Gender differences in aggression are primarily due to biology
Girls are overtly more aggressive during pre-school years then decreases
Boys are overtly more aggressive during pre-school years then decreases
Cultural and socialisation processes promote different kinds of aggression
48
Peer influence is often the primary reason for joining a terrorist group.
False
True
49
Most forms of white-collar crime would fall into which of the following categories of aggressive behaviour?
Functional
Instrumental
Hostile
Ambivalent
50
The social learning approach to the reduction of aggressive behaviour would most likely emphasise:
All of these
Punishment of aggressive models
Reinforcement for nonaggressive behaviour
Appropriate modelling
51
Compared to other violent criminals, research shows that terrorists are often:
Psychopathically inclined
Reactively depressed
Emotionally stable
Mentally disordered
52
Which of the following is not a major homicide category?
Personal cause murder
Criminal enterprise murder
Anger motivated
Sexual homicide
53
When a person lacks motivation after exposure to unpleasant events where they have no control, they are experiencing:
Nuchal rigidity
Learned helplessness
Proactive depression
Learned aversion
54
Fillicide refers to the killing of:
A child older than 24 hours
A child by the mother
A child within 24 hours after birth
An infant
55
Ervin Staub process occurs when a group/culture is selected by another group/culture as a scapegoat or ideological enemy
Cultural devaluation
Cultural deprivation
Targeted scapegoating
Targeted selection
56
According to Douglas and Munn, what are 3 important features of offending behaviour that may be at the scene of a crime?
Modus operandi, signature, staging
Weapon, modus operandi, signature
Modus operandi, weapon, staging
Signature, modus operandi, weapon
57
The textbook states that the process of becoming a terrorist is:
Gradual
Hapharzard
Simple
Quick
58
Bandura believes that terrorists justify their horrific acts in what ways?
By denying their actions are truly harmful
Through a process of cognitive restructuring
By associating themselves with religious zeal
Through a process of learned helplessness
59
A sibling killing a sister is called
Parricide
Matricide
Sororicide
Particide
60
The majority of terrorist attacks that occur in the U.S. have been carried out by:
Al-Qaeda
Lone wolves
Former military personnel
International terrorist organisations
61
Research shows that an aggressive military approach is the most effective method of ending international terrorism.
True
False
62
The cognitive shortcuts people use to make quick inferences about their world are known as:
Cognitive ease
Availability heuristic
Coercion
Cognitive reframing
63
The FBI classifies terrorists according to:
Typology
Motives
Political leanings
Religious beliefs
64
The murders at Virginia Tech in 2007 is an example of:
Domestic terrorism
Class mass murder
Spree terrorism
Serial murder
65
Cognitive restructuring involves:
Euphemistic language
All of these
Moral justifications
Advantageous comparisons
66
In hostile aggression, the perpetrator's primary goal is to:
Avenge a wrong
Obtain an item of value
Make the victim suffer
Ridicule the victim
67
According to Berkowitz, high levels of arousal ______ aggressive behaviour in certain situations
Is the singular causation
Dramatically increases
Causes
Facilitates
68
The most effective way of breaking the cycle of violence appears to be to:
Change the abuser's social network
All of these
Change the abuser's attitudinal system
Use legal sanctions
69
The phenomenon that occurs when the mere presence of a gun or other weapon stimulates violence is called:
Stimulus provocation
Latrogenic focus
Weapons effect
Confirmation bias
70
Lone wolf terrorists are more likely to be mentally disturbed than other terrorists.
True
False
71
The frustration-aggression hypothesis was first proposed by:
The Dollard Group
Berkowitz and Simpson
Albert Bandura
Sigmund Freud
72
Al-Qaeda would be considered a cohesive group with loyal members.
True
False
73
Freud believed the causes of aggression to be basically:
Learned
An interaction between biological and environmental factors
Biochemical
Instinctive
74
What kind of offender would be most likely to engage in undoing at a murder scene?
Shy
Sadistic
Psychopathic
Emotionally distraught
75
The strongest determining factor of victim selection for most serial murders is the __________ of the victim
Social isolation
Appearance
Availability
Sexuality
76
Which of the following is not one of the three kinds of maltreatment that comprises emotional abuse
Close confinement
Spanking or slapping
Withholding food
Verbal assault
77
Jenkins' 1988 study of serial killers in England found that:
Serial killers began killing at a late age
Serial killers had a long history of violent offences before being caught
Serial killers had extensive juvenile records
The majority were former police officers
78
Which practice accounts for the fact that ethnic minorities are disproportionately represented in arrest statistics?
Criminal profiling
Psychological autopsy
Racial profiling
Geographic profiling
79
Groups that tend to develop beliefs & make more extreme decisions than the initial inclination of its members is called:
Group hyperbole
Extreme terrorism
Risky shift
Group think
80
Which of the following behaviours represents an example of passive-aggressive behaviour?
Shouting at someone
Refusing to speak to someone
Robbing someone
Slapping someone
81
Individuals who join terror groups to lash out against dire circumstances is displaying the ___ response to helplessness
Attack
Last-resort
Reactive depressive
Reproach
82
Theodore Kaczynski is presented in the text as an example of a:
Religious radical
Mass shooter
Randomised bomber
Lone wolf terrorist
83
The developmental histories of most terrorists are fraught with mental instability and antisocial behaviour.
False
True
84
Which of the following is not listed in the text as a motive of male serial murderers?
Material gain
Domination
Media attention
Sexual excitement
85
The primary similarity between terrorists and other violent offenders is their history of antisocial behaviour.
True
False