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Counseling and Helping Relationships Flashcards | StudBud
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Counseling and Helping Relationships
Counseling and Helping Relationships
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Answers
1
The bystander effect happens MORE often if MANY people are present.
False
True
2
Erik Erikson explained that the ego must go through a number of _____ in order to be completely formed.
transformations
years
crises
interventions
3
Carl Rogers used this idea to represent the entire person's belief about themselves.
The Self
Proprium
Self-Actualization
Self-Image
4
According to Witmer and Sweeney, what are the 5 tasks of healthy individuals?
support, spirituality, love, fun, and physical health
love, family, friendship, mindfulness, and spirituality
spirituality, friendship, work, self-regulation, and love
self-regulation, hobbies, family, goal-orientation, and love
5
Albert Bandura felt that the "self" was part of a 3-part model made up of:
identity, behavior, and environment
cognition, emotions, and beliefs
cognition, personality, and environment
personality, ideals, and desires
6
An act of kindness done to stop an emotional anguish is known as _______
Guilt Trip
Act-Emotion Exchange
Negative State Relief Theory of Helping
Arousal-Reduction
7
The first phase of a relationship is "coming together", which of these steps are in the correct order of this phase?
initiating, experimenting, intensifying, integrating, and bonding
initiating, bonding, experimenting, intensifying, and integrating
initiating, intensifying, experimenting, integrating, and bonding
initiating, bonding, intensifying, experimenting, and integrating
8
What is structuring?
making structures
identifying discrepancies and presenting them to the client
the process of defining the nature, limits, and goals of counseling
a concise statement of the main points or ideas discussed in session
9
Who defined "self" as a kind of archetype
Margaret Mahler
Harry Sullivan
Carl Rogers
Sigmund Freud
10
Unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
Altruism
Selflessness
Empathetic
Justice
11
Who believes that the "self" does not arise until a child is around 3 years old and has learned to be distinguished?
Heinz Kohut
Karen Horney
Harry Sullivan
Margaret Mahler
12
When an individual relates information of a personal nature to another individual
Self-Disclosure
A Rap Battle
Conversation
Opening Up
13
__ is when someone is aware of blocking certain possible responses due to the mental/and or emotional obstacles present.
Repression
Resilience
Resistance
Retraction
14
According to Albert Bandura, ______ is made up of individual rewards or punishments for behaviors
the judgmental process
the token system
self-observation
self-reaction
15
This relationship-type revolves around the need for power.
separates
independent
cooperative
traditionalists
16
Which form of logic includes some forethought by the speaker but the info is presented only from the speaker's POV?
conventional design logic
rhetorical design logic
expressive design logic
interpersonal design logic
17
Who developed the relationship development model explaining how relationships evolve over time?
John Gottman
John Bowlby
Mary Ann Fitzpatrick
Mark Knapp
18
The equity theory of attraction takes into consideration ____
the possible harm that comes from starting a new relationship
benefits of joining a group vs the negative views of society to that group
what pos. (+)'s and neg. (-)'s each partner brings into the relationship
the ways the other party rewards them
19
This relationship-type has couples rely on 1 another for friendship, help and stability. And self-assured as individuals
independent
separates
cooperative
traditionalists
20
Complementary communication occurs when one person has more power than the other.
False
True
21
The FIRST stressor ALL couples face during their relationship is
stability versus change
faithfulness versus infidelity
integration versus separation
expression versus non-expression
22
Developmental theorists focus on the ________ of the "self"
initial formation
Self-actualization
Emotional development
Cognitive development
23
The second process a relationship may go through is "coming apart". Which of these steps are in the right order for this
avoiding, stagnating, circumscribing, differentiating, and terminating
circumscribing, stagnating, differentiating, avoiding, and terminating
differentiating, circumscribing, stagnating, avoiding, and terminating
stagnating, circumscribing, differentiating, avoiding, and terminating
24
The muscles used to form a particular emotion signal the brain about how it should feel
True
False
25
The component model is used to explain communication competence and is defined by 3 factors which include __, __, and __
skill, knowledge, and motivation
skill, empathy, and motivation
skill, knowledge, and empathy
empathy, knowledge, and motivation
26
Which form of communication includes little to no thought on the part of the speaker
expressive design logic
interpersonal design logic
rhetorical design logic
conventional design logic
27
There are 6 steps for conflict resolution, which of these is NOT one of those steps?
Asking a disinterested individual to create a binding solution
Reassure the party that you care about them
Never try to resolve a problem when angry
Bring several options for possible solutions into the conversation
28
Who believes people are born with a mentally healthy self, but change from anxious experiences?
Jane Bilavin
Margaret Mahler
Karen Horney
Carl Rogers
29
Who believes that the healthy "self" is a result from positive childhood relationships.
James Marcia
Gordon Allport
Carl Rogers
Heinz Kohut
30
Which form of logic requires considered forethought by the speaker and works to express the speaker and listener's POV?
interpersonal design logic
expressive design logic
rhetorical design logic
conventional design logic
31
For research purposes, emotions are divided into both _____ and ____
Strong and Weak
Consistent and Inconsistent
Present and Absent
State and Trait
32
Which option, according to constructivist theory of communication, is the simplest form of interpersonal communication?
conventional design logic
expressive design logic
interpersonal design logic
rhetorical design logic
33
The "self" is not as important to humanistic and existential theories as it is in other theories.
True
False
34
For research purposes, in regard to emotion, "trait" is defined as
what is currently occuring
the frequency of a particular emotion
none of the above
physical status
35
Which, according to constructivist theory of communication, is the most complex form of interpersonal communication.
rhetorical design logic
expressive design logic
conventional design logic
interpersonal design logic
36
What occurs when the "self" actively looks at what the individual is doing
self-criticism
self-evaluation
self-actualization
self-observation
37
Which theory looks at how close relationships become?
Relational Dialectic Theory
Theory of Marital Communication
FIRO
Constructivist Theory of Communication
38
James Marcia believed that unless an adolescent goes through a(n) _____ _____, they will no have a good sense of self.
rebellious phase
traumatic incident
break up
identity crisis
39
There are 4 stages of relationship building during the initial phase of counseling. Which of the following is not one?
submerging phase
clarification phase
structure phase
relationship phase
40
Carl Rogers shunned the notion of "self" as being too simplistic to explain what a human being is.
False
True
41
Who developed attachment theory?
John Bowlby
John Gottman
Albert Bandura
Mary Ann Fitzpatrick
42
What is in-life desensitization?
knowing what one can do, and what external factors are out of their control
replacing negative feelings with positive ones for problematic situations
removing harmful relationships from one's life
consuming alcohol to eliminate internal conflicts
43
A client goes through 4 phases when dealing with a crisis, which of these are not one of those phases?
the client becomes frustrated
all the above are accurate phases
the crisis occurs and the client responds
the client attempts to ease their own tension
44
Which one of these are not one of the 5 factors that define emotion (according to the CPCE study book)
they have "valence," they are not neutral but always positive or negative
they are encounters, not something that is done or thought
they remain stable within certain long-term relationships
they involve bodily responses
45
_ is when someone's unaware of blocking certain possible responses due to the mental/and or emotional obstacles present.
Repression
Retraction
Resistance
Resilience
46
As a person ages they form a structure of personality. This idea was founded by Gordon Allport and was named ___
Self
Self-actualization
Proprium
Self-image
47
According to Mary Ann Fritzpatrick, which one of these types of relationships are the strongest?
independent
traditionalists
separates
cooperative
48
Which student of Carl Rogers who developed a 5-point scale for measuring empathy, genuineness, concreteness, and respect
Carl Yung
Robert Carkhuff
William Glasser
Michael Hannigan
49
The reinforcement-affect model of attraction has an individual take into consideration ____
what pos. (+)'s and neg. (-)'s each partner brings into the relationship
benefits of joining a group vs the negative views of society to that group
the possible harm that comes from starting a new relationship
the ways the other party rewards them
50
The FIRO theory states the amount and direction of a person's needs stem from childhood experiences and is set FOR LIFE
True
False
51
Who developed the constructivist theory of communication?
Jesse Delia
Robert Cialdini
Albert Bandura
William Glasser
52
For research purposes, in regard to emotion, "state" is defined as
none of the above
physical status
what is currently occuring
the frequency of a particular
53
If a person expresses a facial feature they will begin to feel that emotion.
False
True
54
Which one of these is NOT an example of non-altruistic motivation?
Arousal-Reduction
Concern for the welfares of others
Gaining Popularity
Negative State Relief Theory of Helping
55
Who developed the idea of Arousal-Reduction
Gordon Allport
Jane Bilavin
William Glasser
Robert Cialdini
56
Who developed the Negative State Relief Theory of Helping?
Karen Horney
Carl Rogers
Robert Cialdini
Margaret Mahler
57
Committing an act of kindness simply to stop feeling a form of physical anguish is known as ______
Guilt Trips
Arousal-reduction
Negative State Relief Theory of Helping
All of the above
58
This relationship-type has many short fights, outside marriage advice, and difficulty express feelings to one another.
traditionalists
cooperative
separates
independent
59
The Family Communication Environment Instrument describes 3 factors that are part of family communication: __, __, & __.
Avoidance, traditional roles, and expressiveness
Conflict resolution, trust, and dependence
Understanding, backgrounds, and responsibilities
Order, empathy, and bonds
60
Which of these is NOT a theory of attraction?
Appearance-Based Theory
Reinforcement-Affect Theory
Social Exchange Theory
Equity Theory
61
An individual acting only because of some benefit to themselves
Unaltruistic
Manipulative
Narcissist
Egoistic Motivation
62
The Constructivist Theory of Communication, by Jesse Delia, states that individuals who
are patient, communicate, think and understand better
communicate, think and understand better.
understand, think and communicate better.
think better, communicate and understand better.
63
Closer relationships are easier to maintain than casual relationships.
False
True
64
Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Orientation Theory (FIRO), by W.C Schutz, explains why people enter relationships
False
True
65
The Social Exchange Theory of attraction has an individual take into consideration ____
what pos. (+)'s and neg. (-)'s each partner brings into the relationship
benefits of joining a group vs the negative views of society to that group
the possible harm that comes from starting a new relationship
the ways the other party rewards them
66
According to the CPCE study guide, in order for intimacy to be healthy, a person must FIRST have
a strong sense of trust
a strong sense of commitment
a strong sense of love
a strong sense of self
67
Mary Ann Fritzpatrick based her theory of marital communication on 3 different types of couple relationships: __, __, __
anxious, avoidant, and secure
traditionalists, independent, and separates
monogamous, polygamous, and unconstrained
confrontational, passive, and cooperative
68
Regarding facial features, if a person feels 1 way but expresses the opposite feeling the the 1st feeling will increase
True
False
69
Which one of these are listed as part of the inborn basic emotions, according to Robert Plutchik?
Envy, grief, cheerful, curiosity
Joy, anticipation, anger, and disgust
Sadness, fear, surprise, and acceptance
Both A & B
70
According to the FIRO theory, these are the 3 reasons people get into relationships, MINUS _____.
inclusion
control
affection
social expectations
