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AP Comparative CHINA
AP Comparative CHINA
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1
Liu Xiaobo -- jailed after he called for an end to Communist one-party rule, is :
a "princeling" who was once part of the Shanghai Gang
a blind human rights lawyer
the 2010 Nobel Prize winning Chinese activist
a world renown artist who designed Bird's Nest Stadium
2
Zhou Enlai's call for modernization included all of the following areas EXCEPT:
foreign policy and foreign direct investments
military
industry and science
agriculture
3
Muslims of Turkish descent in Xinjiang, close Pakistani border, militants want Islamic state:
Han Chinese
None of these
Tibetans
Uyghurs
4
Radical leaders in China during the Cultural Revolution, led by Jiang Qing, Mao's wife.
Old Guard
zhongguo
cadres
Gang of Four
5
#s: 25 on the ____; 7 on the _______
Central Committee; People's Congress
Politburo; Standing Committee
Central Military Commission; Politburo
All of these
6
Registration sys. that kept masses of people from moving freely from the rural to urban areas.
hukou
danwei
HHR
guanxi
7
Kuomintang/Guomindang-Nationalist Party leader who lost the Civil War to the Communists in 1949
Chaing Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)
Mao Zedong
Xi Jinping
Le Keqiang
8
China's current premier is
Jackie Chan
Li Keqiang
Hu Jintao
Xi Jinping
9
Human rights orgs. protest China's use of prisoners or religious dissidents for this:
organ harvesting
human trafficking
drug testing
none of these
10
Founder of China's Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) and considered the father of modern China:
Deng Xiaopeng
Sun Yat-sen (Sun Zhongshan)
Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)
Mao Zedong
11
All of the following statements about the National People’s Congress are true EXCEPT
Minority groups are guaranteed representation.
It is unicameral.
Representation is chosen on a geographical basis.
It is a major policy making institution.
12
China's environmental protection agency:
EPA
DEPA
SEPA
CEPA
13
A practical mix of authoritarian political control and economic privatization
Deng Xiaoping Theory
Maoism
Household Responsibility System
houku
14
In the trade relationship between the U.S. and China,
the balance of trade is about even
China imports much more & U.S. exports much more..
overall exports/imports have decreased due to U.S. sanctions
China exports much more & U.S. imports much more.
15
First source of legitimacy for rule in historical China
dynastic cycle
danwei
guanxi
mandate of heaven
16
The Chinese Communist Youth League:
Komsomol.
Nashi
the Young Pioneers
tuanpai
17
Today, ___ of industrial production in China is privately owned.
1/2
all
1/4
3/4
18
China and the USSR were similar in all of the following ways EXCEPT
The communist party in both was dominated by workers.
Both experienced long periods of revolutionary struggle
Leaders used cults of personality to consolidate power
The pre-Revolutionary economies of both = largely ag.
19
Chinese Communist army; has extensive business interests:
PLA
GMD
SEZ
CCP
20
Mao favored politically indoctrinated party cadres to technical experts in this:
red vs. expert
the Hundred Flowers Campaign
the Long March
ethic of struggle
21
Diplomatic sport in the 1970s:
pingpong
futbol
none of these
soccer
22
Zhongguo
Middle Kingdom
China's official press agency
cycle of tightening and loosening of power
"foreign devils"
23
China's president, announced at the 12th National People's Congress:
Xi Jinping
Jiang Zemen
Deng Xiaopeng
Hu Jintao
24
It's not enough to be Pres. & Gen. Sec., to be "tops" in China, you need to head this, too.
the Standing Committee of the Poliburo
the Central Military Commission
the Politburo
the State Council
25
Mao Zedong rose to power during a war for control of China fought by the
KMT (GMD) and Chinese Communists
Communist bloc vs. free world
Chinese Nationalists and Qing Dynasty
Chinese communists vs. Soviet Communists
26
The meetings of the Central Committee of the CCP
tuanpai
zhongguos
xinhuas
plenums
27
Chinese philosophy that emphasizes hierarchical relationships and responsibilities:
Maoism
Taoism
Confucianism
Marxism
28
How did Jiang Zemen and Hu Jintao differ from earlier communist leaders of China?
They favored economic reforms & a more free market economy.
They favored closer ties to the United States and the West.
They were technocrats rather than revolutionaries.
They favored closer ties to the United States and the West.
29
Over 2,000 delegates ; meets every 5 years; "rubber stamp" body:
National Party Congress
Central Committee
Politburo
Central Military Commission
30
Enclaves Deng established in the '80s; gave tax incentives, etc., to lure foreign investment:
HHRs
TVEs
PLAs
SEZs
31
The PRC supported third world revolutionary movements in
neither
Vietnam
Korea
both
32
Mao's wife;one of Gang of Four;opposed pragmatists;supported Cultural Rev.; imprisoned for life
Liu Shaoqi
Jiang Qing
Jiang Jieshi
Lin Bao
33
China executes only 1/4 of # it did in 2002, but that's still __x all the rest of the world.
10 x
50 x
100 x
4 x
34
Radical movement Mao launched in '66 to regain political control from rivals; resulted in chaos
The Four Modernizations
The Hundred Flowers Campaign
The Cultural Revolution
The Great Leap Forward
35
The most significant ethnically based protest against the Beijing has come from
Tibet
Taiwan
Hong Kong
Xinjiang
36
Which is a key component of economic liberalization in former command economies?
Nationalizing privately owned firms
Eliminating price controls
Prohibiting foreign direct investment
Instituting tariffs
37
Site of 2014 peaceful protests and civil disobedience: the umbrella revolution:
Taiwan
Hong Kong
Xinjiang
Tibet
38
China's ethnic majority is
Mongol
Uyghur
Han Chinese
Tibetan
39
Public demonstrations of grief over the death of Hua Yaobang preceded the
Cultural Revolution.
Tiananmen Square demonstrations.
Hundred Flowers Campaign.
Great Leap Forward.
40
Historic Beijing plaza where the Chinese party-state crushed the 1989 pro-reform demonstration.
Tahrir Square
Tiananmen Square
The Gate of Heavenly Peace
Zhonggnanhai
41
Commits the CCP to support the rule of law:
the Communist Manifesto
Article 6
the Constitution of 1982
Mao's little red book
42
The Chinese govt. allows only one organization for a profession, trade, or activity:
neo-corporatism
democratic centralism
state corporatism
interest group pluralism
43
The state sector is plagued by
too many workers
inefficiency
all of these.
corruption
44
Represents the military in China's government; head plays an important role in policymaking
KMT
GMD
CCP
CMC
45
All of the following are true regarding the judiciary in China EXCEPT
it has he power of judicial review over government policies.
There is a fairly efficient civil system.
There is an increase in the number of lawsuits.
The criminal system is swift and harsh.
46
Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands = point of contention between China and
Russia
Taiwan
the U.S.
Japan
47
What Americans think Unit 61398 of the PLA does
black ops
counterfeiting
internet hacking
intelligence
48
Official monopoly union created by Communist Party; no bottom-up unions!
Trade Unions Congress (TUC)
All-China Women's Federation
Falun Gong
All-China Federation of Trade Unions
49
The Chinese judiciary
has establish intellectual property rights courts
isn't independent
all of these
doesn't exercise judicial review
50
Term for connections or relationships; personal ties; gets private goods/services, NOT public
nomenklatura
houku
danwei
guanxi
51
Which is an important consequence of the one-child family policy for Chinese society?
Greater government protection of reproductive rights
An increase in the median age
A decline in the income gap between urban/rura families
Growing female support for the Chinese Communist Party
52
Chinese currency:
RMB
renminbi
yuan
all of these
53
Deng's chosen successor who lost job when he argued in favor of Tiananmen protestors:
Xi Jinping
Hu Yuobang
Zhao Ziyang
Jiang Qing
54
Like the CPSU, the CCP organized and operated on the basis of (control by the party elite).
totalitarianism
asymmetric federalism
democratic centralism
dialectical materialism
55
The National People's Congress and Central Committee in the PRC are
party institutions that decide on ideological policies only.
ultimate decision makers in the CCP.
more symbolic than powerful institutions.
key political institutions that make all major decisions.
56
1956-57: Mao encouraged intellectuals to offer criticism of national policy, then cracked down!
Hundred Flowers Campaign
Great Leap Forward
May 4th Movement
Cultural Revolution
57
The proliferation of NGOs in China is an indication that
civil society is growing
a competitive party system is developing
rule of law is strengthening
civil liberties and civil rights are now respected
58
Currently the largest emitter of greenhouse gases:
the E.U.
the U.S.
none of these
China
59
During the disintegration of the Soviet empire, the Chinese leadership did which?
Sought to strengthen and reinforce Maoist roots.
Liberalized the economy rather than the political system.
Emulated the Soviet examples of glasnost & perestroika.
Liberalized the political system by eliminating guanxi
60
Old Guard leader of PLA who died in mysterious plane crash in 1971:
Jiang Qing
Hun Jintao
Lin Biao
Sun Yat-sen
61
One way Beijing has tried to control urban population is by limiting the number of ___ issued.
apartment leases
license plates
birth certificates
passports
62
Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang:
plenums
autonomous regions
separatist republics
procuratorates
63
Rural factories and businesses in China that are run by local governments
SEZs
iron rice bow;
button cities
TVEs
64
The U.S. wants China to
devalue its currency
all of these
crackdown on illegal exports
cut out the PLA's internet hacking
65
Radicalized youth who served as Mao's shock troops during the Cultural Revolution:
Red Guard
cadres
Old Guard
tuanpai
66
BAMBOO CAPITALISM (1988): class of state-controlled private business which includes
rural industries
urban co-ops
service organizations
all of these
67
The saying, "Women hold up half the sky" illustrated this principle:
"unstinting service"
egalitarianism
the struggle ethic
democratic centralism
68
Maoist program: citizens' lifetime affiliation with work unit governing all aspects of life:
fang-shou
danwei
zhongguo
houku
69
Ai Wei Wei:
blind lawyer for women forcibly sterilized / forced to abort
human rights attorney who defends religious minorities
dissident who designed Beijing's bird's nest Olympic stadium
winner of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize; Charter 08
70
Unlike Britain, direct elections in China are held
only at the local level
only when the head of government calls them
every other year
for president
71
Mao's moderate premier who influenced him to invite Nixon to China in 1972:
Zhao Ziyang
Zhou Enlai
Jiang Qing
Deng Xiaopeng
72
Until Xi got the National People's Congress to drop this stricture in 2018, Chinese presidents
could serve two 4-yr, terms or 10 yrs.
could serve 2 consecutive 6-yr. term+other nonconsecutives.
got one six-year term.
were limited to two 5-yr. terms.
73
Ministers who direct the ministries of the bureaucracy under the premier's supervision:
the Politburo
the State Council
the Central Committee
the Standing Committee
74
Deng's term for system: markets, profits, investors, and entrepreneurs grow & mod. the economy
democratic centralism
Maoism
socialism with Chinese characteristics
socialism in one country
75
What U.S. president formally recognized China in what year?
None of these
Jimmy Carter in 1979
Richard Nixon in 1972
Ronald Reagan in 1984
76
Meditative martial arts movement founded in 1992 and banned in 1999 as an "evil cult."
Falun-Gong
Confucianism
Feng-Shou
Tai-Chi
77
Which is accurate regarding the influence of China's geography?
population concentrated in river valley and along coasts
poor access to oceans and ice-free ports
few navigable rivers for a country its size
most land is arab;e -- relatively flat and fertile
78
Parallel hierarchies:
Communist Party
all of these
People's Liberation Army
government
79
The nationwide organization that provides public prosecutors and defenders to Chinese courts:
the National Party Congress
the Central Committee
SEPA
people's procuratorate
80
The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution were
economic policies implemented by Deng Xiaoping.
radical uptopian movements Mao launched for ideol. reasons..
Mao's efforts to differentiate Chinese and Soviet communism.
aimed at achieving econ. dev. through mass mobilization.
81
"It doesn't matter whether a cat is white or black, as long as it catches mice."
parallel hierarchies
Mandate of Heaven
Deng Xiaoping Theory
Maoism
82
In the 1980's, ____ % of China's population was rural versus ____% today.
80%; 47%
50%; 50%
10%; 50%
90%; 90%
83
Huge project that displaced thousands without transparency or public input:
Sky City (Changsha)
Three Gorges Dam
none of these
Bullet Train
84
Which organizing principle differentiated the CCP from the Soviet Communist Party?
Democratic centralism
Mass line
Confucianism
Dictatorship of the proletariat
85
China suffers acid rain because it depends heavily on
coal for power.
oil for power.
nuclear power.
hydroelectric power.
86
Jiang Zemen was
head of the Shanghai Gang
Deng's successor
China's "3rd Generation" president
all of these
87
Tibetan spiritual leader who fled to India in 1959 after Tibet's failed uprising against China.
the Dalai Lama
Lao Tse
Confucius
the Buddha
88
Recent Chinese labor law
neither
requires employment contracts
both
limits use of temporary labor
89
All of the following are true of China’s One Child Policy EXCEPT
The policy's relaxed somewhat in rural areas .
It resulted in an unequal gender ratio.
It is coupled with positive & negative sanctions.
It has not been successful in slowing population growth
90
A powerful official offers land, contracts, protection or jobs in return for loyalty & service:
Household Responsibility Sytem
state corporatism
pluralist system
patron-client system
91
Deng Xiaoping radically transformed China by doing all of the following EXCEPT
bringing in younger, better-educated officials.
reducing the role of the state in the economy.
allowing the proliferation of opposition parties.
allowing a substantial foreign investment.
92
The favored children of Old Guard who inherit power and position:
princelings
tuanpei
the Shanghai Gang
plenums
93
All are consequences of economic reforms carried outin China since the early 1980s EXCEPT
a. a deeper integration ofChina into the world conomy.
serious negative environmentalconsequences
a dramatic improvement in the standard of living formost
a reduction of income,regional, and gender inequalities.
94
China's policy of blending capitalism and Western freedoms with Chinese communism
Four Modernizations
"Two Chinas"
"One Country, Two Systems"
None of these.
95
Pres. Hu Jintao decried the cover-up of this epidemic and responded to public pressure for info
Ebola
SARS
swine flu
none of these
96
In 1971, Taiwan
gained formal diplomatic recognition from the U.S.
restored "3 links":transportation, commerce, & communication
began regular air and mail crossing over the Taiwan Strait.
lost the Chinese seat in the UN and UNSC
97
A territorial unit that contains a large concentration of ethnic minorities
autonomous region
oblast
okrug
province
98
A tightening and loosening cycle, waxing and waning of the power of each faction
fang-shou
falun gong
hukou
guanxi
99
Taiwan's biggest trading partner:
Formosa
China
the U.S.
Japan
100
2008 Olympic Torch Relay protests offended Chinese nationalists by focusing attention on
Uygurs in Xinjiang
scandals over Olympic construction contracts
Falun Gong
Tibet
101
Under Jiang Zemen, many TVEs were dismantled or restructured because of
corruption.
increased foreign ownership of enterprises in China.
none of these
floating population.
102
Currently the world's largest economy is
China
None of these
the E.U.
the U.S.
103
China's head of government:
premier
general secretary
president
chairman
104
What happened to the head of China's food and drug agency?
awarded Nobel Peace Prize
None of these
executed after export of tainted food and drugs
deported to North Korea for accepting bribes from escapees
105
There are __officially recognized minorities with ___people, = only _% of the population.
10; 50 million; 6%
55; 100 million; 8%
75; 2 million; 4%
100; a million; 2%
106
There are 2 on the Politburo; they make up 20% of the Central Committee:
Muslims
women
military
None of these
107
China's response to the 2008 global economic crisis:
currency devaluation
structural adjustment
austerity
Keynesian stimulus
108
The term "iron rice bowl" refers to
policy which forced farmers to grow rice
collectivization of agriculture
state guarantee of job and benefits for workers
end of state subsidies for industry
109
Mao's disastrous '58-59 effort to modernize through localized ind. production and ag. communes.
the Hundred Flowers Campaign
The Great Leap Forward
The May 4th Movement
THe Cultural Revolution
110
The Chinese Cultural Revolution was characterized by all EXCEPT
destruction of historical artifacts and literature.
peacefuland nonviolent educational ideology.
Deportation of "capitalist roaders" to remote countryside.
forced 're-education' campaigns against Mao's opponents.
111
Authoritarian party that has ruled China from 1949 to the present:
CCP
DPRK
CPSU
PLA
112
Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao: ___ generation Chinese president and premier.(Followed Jiang Zemen.)
1st
2nd
4th
3rd
113
The term socialist market economy refers to the
mixture of state control & capitalism geared at econ. growth
combo of free mkt in ind. sector and collectivization in ag.
collectivization of the rural economy during the Maoist era.
gradual privatization of state-owned enterprises in China.
114
Wukan = Chinese fishing village famous because
they are a button city.
are a "cancer village" that won damages from gov. in court.
protested and won right to elect leaders gov. didn't like.
they are a successful SEZ.