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Science Test 1 ; Cells Flashcards | StudBud
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Science Test 1 ; Cells
Science Test 1 ; Cells
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Answers
1
Anaphase II
Move to opposite poled of the cell
Sister chromatids seperate as spindle shortens
all of the above
The cytoplasm is forming in the spindles
2
What is the Golgi Body
Its a bag of destructive enzymes
It Modifies, sorts and ships proteins and lipids for the cell membrane
Your mothers best friend
The material of the cell wall which helps forms the formal anaphase phase.
3
What are organelles?- Organelles physically separate chemical reactions. They also assemble store or move substances.
False
True
4
More modern Cell Theory; cell activity depends on the activities of subcellular structures within the cell (organelles)
False
True
5
What is a cell
the smallest living thing
or my friend bob
the fattest living things
the flagelum
6
What is
metaphase I
The chromosomes attach at random to the spindles
all of the above
Homologous chromosomes line up in their pairs at the equator of the cell
When the spindles detach and make two new cells
7
Active transport is when the cell has to use energy to transport molecules that are to big to fit through the membrane
False
True
8
Facilitated Diffusion need energy to pass through the membrane
False
True
9
Metaphase II =
Spindle is attached to the centromere of each chromosome
Chromosomes line up one on top of the other along the equator
The process of passive transport when energy is used to get across the dirt
all of the above
10
Is facilitated diffusion-
Osmosis that is permeable to water
All of the above
Diffusion that requires special transport proteins to help molecules pass
When the molecules pass the membrane with energy
11
Passive transport the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a low concentration without any energy
True
False
12
Is the Cell Theory Being used now?
True=YES False=NO
False
True
13
Is
Anaphase I
is when when homologous chromosomes are separated as the spindle shortens and begin to move
True
False
14
What is a concentration gradient; A gradual difference in the concentration of a substance between two regions.
False
True
15
Telophase II
Followed by cytokinesis, results in 4 haploid genetically unique cells
in humans these cells have 23 chromosomes
Nuclear envelope forms around chromosomes in all 4 cells
become sperm and egg cell or gamete cells
16
Rough endoplasmic
reticulum/ER)
= modifies new polypeptide chains, and synthesizes lipids
True
False
17
What is
prophase I
when the cell wall lines up with the cell membrane and the mitochondria
all of the above
Homologous chromosomes line up together
The spindle forms, chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope disappears
18
Process of Exocytosis
False
True
19
Is equilibrium: equal ratios of concentrations of a substance in an area or across a membrane.
True
False
20
What is a nuclear envelope
a membrane system that controls what substances enter and leave the nucleus
a part of the cell wall
the unwound DNA in the nucleus
A ninconpoopalog practice which is performed to make cells or divide them
21
Haploid cells have only one copy of each chromosome
False
True
22
How is Cell theory being used?
Disease / Health/ Medical research and cures like AIDS, Cancer, Cloning
Genetics
OOOOORRR all of the above
Stem Cell Research
23
The process results in different combinations of chromosomes in each gamete, over 8 million different combinations
True
False
24
What are the 4 basic compounds of life
carbon oxygen calcium and. nitrogen
potassium chlorine carbon and neon
Carbon sulfur iron and oxygen
Life i worth nothing
25
Gametes are sperm egg cells which only contain HALF the chromosomes, not a pair
False
True
26
Diffusion
=if spaces are separated by a permeable membrane the molecules will move back and fourth til balance is reached
True
False
27
Steps of Endocytosis
True
False
28
Permeable is a substance that is able to pass through or a boundary/ border allows something to pass through.
True
False
29
Microfilaments are;
the thinnest elements often organized in bundles of network, or cell cortex
big brain
a mitochondria cell wall and a chromosone mixed together
the machine Robert Hooke used to discover cells on a bottle cork
30
1838: German Botanists, Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are made up of cells
False
True
31
Is meiosis when gametes divide
True
False
32
Cytoskeleton is; Organized protein filaments that extend between nucleus and plasma membrane
True
False
33
What is a prokaryotic cell
all of the above
Two domains
Simplest cells and no nucleus
bacteria, and archea
34
There are no DNA replications that take place between Meiosis I and Meiosis II
True
False
35
Osmosis=
In these cases water may move back and forth through a membrane to balance the water concentrations.
True
False
36
What is Cellular Respiration?
chemical reactions occur to break down food and release there stored energy
Only in consumers
ATP - P = ADP energy released
ADP + P = ATP this is energy being stored. When its needed ...
37
Examples for Passive transport; Diffusion, Osmosis, and Facilitated Diffusion
True
False
38
Osmosis
=many membranes are not permeable to solid particles or many substances but many membranes are permeable to water
True
False
39
German physiologist, Theodor Schwann, stated that all animal tissues are composed of cells
False
True
40
What is Telophase I
After cytokinesis two haploid cell results
No DNA replication occurs between meiosis I and II
No nuclear envelope forms
Sindle fibers dissolve
41
Are Ribosomes; Free in cytoplasms, and attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum/ER.
False
True
42
Eukaryotic are plant and water cells
True
False
43
What happens to concentration gradient IF there is a
permeable membrane?
The cells begin to divide and split apart into two daughter cells
Molecules that are able to to move; move so that equilibrium can be reached
They move across the membrane without energy
All of the above
44
Info on the plant cell
=
the plant cell has a central vacoule
;The central vacoule increases cell surface and stores waste
True
False
45
What is the Smooth ER
and inactivates toxins
they make lipids
they have diverse roles
all of the above/all the answers are all correct
46
Meiosis I and II
During meiosis there are TWO cell divisions
Before meosis, the cells make a copy of DNA in each chromosome
This produces FOUR haploid daughter cells
All of the above
47
Phases of Meiosis I= Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I.
True
False
48
Info for the plant cells
; A plant cell has a cell wall:
the cell wall structurally supports the cell.
False
True
49
Which side of the diagram has a higher concentration of cells. Is it the
Right Side
?
True
False
50
Do eukaryotic cells have organelles
True
False
51
Photosynthesis vs Cellular Respiration
True
False
52
Modern Cell Theory
=The cell contains hereditary info(DNA)which is passed on from cell to cell during cell division
False
True
53
Chromatin
The same thing as a chromosone
The TOTAL collection of all DNA molecues and there associated proteins
RNA used to create ribosomal subunits
What am i talking about?
54
What is a Nucleolus
A rounded mass of proteins and genes used to construct ribosomal subunits
A burrito sandwich man
A small mass of proteins floating around the membrane
A part of the mitochondria
55
Does a phospholipid consist on a hydrophilic (water loving) head and a hydrophobic (water fearing) tail
True
False
56
What is Binary Fission?
its the type of asexual reproductions
Cells are genetically UNLESS a mutation occurs
its the process prokaryotic cells undergo to carry out cell division
The fully grown parent cell split producing two new halves
57
Examples of Active Transport; Exocytosis, Endocytosis, and Membrane transport proteins
False
True
58
What is a plant cell
It has a cell wall and chloroplast and a central vacoule and a nucleus
None of the answers are right
it does have a central vacoule and a cell wall but not chloroplast
It doesn't have a cell wall but does have a central vacuole and chloroplast
59
Meiosis II
is -
when sister chromatids are seperates and the gametes are generated
all of the above
When the cell goes through the process of mitosis but its permeable to dirt
This is similar to mitosis but results in 4 genetically unique haploid cell
60
The formula's for Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration
Cellular Respiration=fq83gv bq4yq37ytv8q
Photosynthesis= 6Co2+6H2o-C6H12o6+6o2
None of these
Cellular Respiration= C6H12o6+6o2-6Co2+6h2o
61
Facilitated Diffusion is when the molecules need to move down the concentration gradient trough a membrane
True
False
62
Modern Cell Theory means-
The cell wall collapses without the chloroplast
Cells are basically the same chemical composition and metabolic activities
Basic chemical & physiological functions are carried out inside the cells
The nucleus crosses the membrane of the mitochondria
63
What is a chromosome
What makes up the cell wall and structure.
One DNA molecule and the proteins that are associated with it.
YOUR BEST FRIENDS, DOGS, MOMS BROTHER, AUNT SALLY BOB JONES
The process of creating sex cells
64
Phospholipids= A lipid that contain a phosphate group and is a major component of cell membranes.
False
True
65
Osmosis
= A special case of diffusion
False
True
66
Rudolf Virchow, German physician, after studying cellular pathology says that all cells come from preexisting cells
True
False
67
Eukaryotic cell are plants and ANIMAL cells
True
False
68
What is the Nucleoplasm
Empty choice
A seminuclear bomb shell that floods your DNA,chromosome and mitochhonia
A semi-fluid interior portion of the nucleus
A portion of the chromosones in your DNA
69
Info for the plant cell
= the plant cell has chloroplast in it:
Chloroplast is a plastid+ specializes in photosynthesis
False
True
70
Is facilitated diffusion when molecules need to move down the cell wall through the membrane because they can't do it
False
True
71
Lysosome is the special process of cell division that is permeable to water.
True
False
72
Cell Theory Complete
All cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells
The cell is the basic unit of life
All organsims are compsed of one or more things
All of the above
73
Microtubules help keep organelles and cell structure in place.
True
False
74
What is an animal cell
Animal cells are fake and you don't need to know about them.
Animal cells have a cell wall and centrioles but not a nucleus
Animal cells have a nucleus and cell wall but not centrioles
Animal cells don't have a cell wall, and have centrioles and a nucleus
75
Who was Anton van Leuwenhoek
He observed blood cells from a animal and humans
Called single celled organsisms; animalicules
made a microscope,observed pond scum,and discovered single cell organisms.
or his knowledge of cells led to knowing cells were found in plant/animals.
76
Lysosome is a bag of destructive enzymes that break down unwanted materials.
False
True
77
What is homeostasis; is it maintaining a stable interval environment.
True
False
78
150 to 200 year gap, and what happened
There was lots of doubt it was true, and finally Louis Pasteur disproved it
David Boey died and so did Tony Stark.
People thought cells were made spontaneously!
Not many advancements were made in this time.
79
Is the Carbon Cycle- the pathways through which carbon is recycled in the biosphere
True
False
80
Meiosis phases= Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II.
True
False
81
Discovery of Cells/Who discovered them and how?
None of the above
John Fram was eating waffles and saw cells, and described it as a honeycomb
Robert Hooke and John Fram didn't find cells Albert Einstein did.
Robert Hooke saw cells while looking at a thin slice of a cork
82
Mitosis vs Meiosis and binary fission are all part of a cycle
True
False
83
Diffusion=
Molecules are constantly moving will spread out as far as they can.
False
True
84
eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
True
False
85
Diploid cells have two copies of each chromosome
False
True
86
Chlorophyll can be found in chloroplast
False
True
87
Osmosis=
in osmosis you also balance the ratio of water molecules to particles of a substance that is not permeable.
True
False
88
Prophase II= when chromosomes condense
True
False
89
Is permeable= a substance that isn't able to pass through or a boundry/border doesn't allows something to pass through.
True
False
90
What is photosynthesis?
A chemical called chlorophyll absorbs the light energy used
all of the above
Producers use light energy to make sugars which can be used as food
When cells divide into gametes or otherwise known as sex cells
91
How do molecules move through a permeable membrane?
The cells don't move at all this is apart of passive transport.
Molecules move from an area of HIGH concentration and LOW concentration.
or move from a crowded area, to a less crowded area.
They move to the a less crowded area to a more crowded area
92
Cell membrane=semipermeable, or selectively permeable, that means only some molecules can pass through the membrane.
False
True
93
Mitosis vs Meiosis/ the differences/similarities
mitosis produces 2 diploid daughter cells
Meiosis produces 4 haploid daughter cells
They both start as a single cell
all of the above
