The traits of a population change over time

Which is an example of a homologous structure?

A bird’s wing and a bat’s wing (same bones)

Petrified faeces., An imprint from an organism., A petrified part of an organism., A cast or mould of an organism.

What do Ice Cores tell scientists?

What the past atmosphere was like

What is “common ancestry”? How do scientists know different organisms share a common ancestor

Species evolve from one source. DNA, common traits

Tree Rings are an example of...

eveidence of climates changing over time

Ice cores allow scientists to measure....

Atmospheric gas concentrations at the time the snow fell

Organisms with favorable traits are:

more fit and more likely to survive

How are Inclusion fossils formed?

when a part or entire organism is covered in a solid substance

How organisms change across many generations

Homologous structures =

Same structures that have evolved different functions

Natural selection states that _________________________________.

organisms best adapted to their environment will survive

What is mass extinction?

catastrophic event that causes the loss of many species

Analogous structures share

Similar function but different structure

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Evolution and Diversity Review

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Questions 94

Answers

1
Structures shared by organisms that come from a common ancestor are called
homologous structures.
vestigial structures.
embryonic similarities.
analogous structures.
2
A fossil is ____________.
evidence of past life
found in sedimentary rock
part of the fossil record
all of the above
3
What is evolution?
When a species no longer exists
How only animals change over time
Differences that help an animal survive
The traits of a population change over time
4
Which organism from the cladogram does not have a vertebral column?
Leopard
Lamprey
Lancelet
Tuna
5
How many mass extinctions have occured?
69
4
8
5
6
Order the fossils: oldest to youngest
ABCD
DCBA
DCBA
DCAB
7
Which is an example of a homologous structure?
A human eye and an octopus eye
A dolphin’s tail and a fish’s tail
A bird’s wing and a bat’s wing (same bones)
A fly’s wing and a bird’s wing (different structures)
8
This cladogram explains how we all share
a common ancestor
fur
a different ancestor
claws
9
Favorable traits are called
Adaptations
Facts
Advantages
Evolution
10
Which 2 species probably shared a common ancestor most recently in evolutionary time?
Hamster and fish
Lizard and fish
Salamander and fish
Chimpanzee and fish
11
By looking at the rings on this tree, the age would be about?
9 to 10 years old
30 years old
You can't tell the age of a tree
20 years old
12
Two closely related species will have
more amino acids in common
less amino acids in common
no common structural features
completely different DNA banding patterns
13
Mutations are _____, and natural selection is _____.
random; random
random; not random
not random; random
not random; not random
14
A fossil is...?
Petrified faeces.
An imprint from an organism.
A petrified part of an organism.
A cast or mould of an organism.
15
What do Ice Cores tell scientists?
How warm the Earth got
None of these choices
What the past atmosphere was like
How cold the Earth got
16
What is “common ancestry”? How do scientists know different organisms share a common ancestor
Species do not evolve. Anologous structures
Species evolve from different ancestors. Blood typing
Species evolve from one source. DNA, common traits
organisms are better suited to their environment
17
Tree Rings are an example of...
eveidence of climates changing over time
If trees are found in that area
Whether the tree is alive
How we measure the roots of a tree
18
List examples of homologous structures?
flipper of a dolphin
arm of a human
leg of a cat
all of these
19
Order the layers from oldest to youngest.
A,B,C,D
C,A,B,D
B,C,D,A
C,B,A,D
20
Ice cores allow scientists to measure....
The temperature of the ice
The advance and retreat of glaciers
Atmospheric gas concentrations at the time the snow fell
The weight of the ice
21
Organisms with favorable traits are:
less fit and less likely to survive
more fit and less likely to survive
less fit and more likely to survive
more fit and more likely to survive
22
Geologic time scale - PERIODS:
hundreds millions of years ago
tens of millions of years ago
a few million years ago
23
Thick tree rings mean
it is a large tree
it was a drought
it has a disease
plenty of water
24
Life on Earth has become concise and simple over time
True
False
25
Physical characteristics are determined by genetic _____.
inheritance
milestone
setback
potential
26
How are Inclusion fossils formed?
where minerals crystallize and fill in the shape of the organism
when part of an organism has been buried in sediment
All of the above
when a part or entire organism is covered in a solid substance
27
which of these does NOT make an index fossil, an index fossil?
lived in a narrow piece of time
be fairly widespread
easy to identify
be unique
28
A variety of life forms is called
Biology
biodiversity
a whole lot of critters
a bio-metric unit
29
What is evolution?
How organisms change across many generations
The migration of different species through seasons
When animals move to warmer climates in winter
Ancient rock layers and the fossils they contain
30
Homologous structures =
Same structures that have always had the same functions
Same structures that have evolved different functions
Structures that have nothing in common
Different structures that have evolved the same functions
31
The geologic time scale includes
major developments in life on earth
around 4.6 billion years
major geologic events
all of the above
32
The geologic time scale represents Earth's ________ year history.
9 million
2.5 million
4.6 billion
1 billion
33
Identify how long ago the largest mass extinction occurred?
450 mya
65 mya
250 mya
34
Analogous structure example?
Bee Wing vs. Bird wing
Whale Fin vs. Bat Wing
Bee Wing vs. Tiger Leg
Human Arm vs. Cat Leg
35
How do you "win" at natural selection?
survive
go extinct
survive & reproduce
36
Natural selection states that _________________________________.
organisms worst adapted to their environment will survive
organisms that have red eyes will go extinct
organisms that eat bugs are not fit
organisms best adapted to their environment will survive
37
Inclusion Fossils are preserved in ___________.
molds
honey
amber
clay
38
Which is an example of an analogous structure?
a butterfly wing and bat wing
gills in fish and lungs in humans
cat fur and dog fur
a human arm and whale fin
39
Most fossils form in
Icebergs
Tree resin
Sedimentary rock
Tar pits
40
Order the layers from oldest to youngest.
W, X, Y, V, Z
Z, V, Y, X, W
Z, Y, V, X, W
W, X, V, Y, Z
41
Which rabbit is more likely to survive?
White
Brown
42
What is mass extinction?
all masses on Sunday are cancelled
catastrophic event that causes the loss of many species
permanent loss of species
all species die.
43
Analogous structures share
Similar function but different structure
Similar function and structure
Similar structure but different function
44
Which is NOT a trace fossil?
Foot prints
Bones
Droppings
Burrow/Tunnel
45
Physical characteristics are determined by __ that are located on your DNA.
nucleic acids
chromosomes
chromatin
genes
46
Analogous structures indicate:
Beneficial Characteristics
Similar DNA
Variation
Common Ancestry
47
Two closely related species share a common ___?
geographic location
gene pool
ancestor
parent
48
Bird’s beaks are different because the beaks are
Designed for their food
Designed for the places they live
All of these
Designed for their environment
49
Artificial Selection is also called
True Breeding
Hybrid Breeding
Natural Breeding
Selective Breeding
50
When there is ........ In a species, natural selection occurs.
Similarity
Reproduction
Photosynthesis
Variation
51
Which bird beak adaptation helps the bird to catch and eat insects?
C
A
B
D
52
This is an example of a natural selection.
A flood washed away the beach, two crabs survived
A tornado came and wiped out an entire town of people
Freezing temperatures wipe out a population.
Some birds survive a blizzard and are able to reproduce
53
Variety of life forms in a Ecosystem is called?
Observation
Biodiversity
Methods of Organisms
54
Artificial Selection
any inherited characteristic that increases survival
type of selection that humans control
change over time
structure inherited from ancestors
55
What is a trace fossil?
A newly discovered fossil.
A part of a complete fossil.
Evidence of something left behind, like footprints.
A dinosaur tooth.
56
Example of body (inclusion) fossil
Carbon print by leaf.
Mold of bone.
Skull from tar pit.
Dinosaur footprint.
57
Trace fossils show us how an animal ______________ and its activity.
swam
lived
died
ate
58
Favorable traits are _________ by offspring.
inherited
adapted
mutated
survived
59
The number of rings in a tree trunk tells what about the tree?
how much water it gets
none of these
how healthy it is
its age
60
Which letter represents the COMMON ANCESTOR in this diagram?
F
B
E
A
61
Which rabbit is more likely to survive?
Brown
White
62
What is evolution?
Cumulative change in heritable characteristics in species
Cumulative change in heritable characteristics in population
Loss of traits detrimental to a species' existence
Natural selection
63
Analogous structures ______ evidence of shared recent ancestors
do not show
show
64
Geologic time scale - ERA:
a few million years ago
hundreds millions of years ago
tens of millions of years ago
65
Rabbit and bird embryos show evidence of evolution.
True
False
66
Which are the homologous structures show?
Metacarpals and phalanges
Humerus and carpals
All of these
Radius and ulna
67
If there is no variation in a species can natural selection occur?
Yes
No
68
Why do scientists study tree rings?
to find out what kind of tree it is
to learn where to plant new trees
to learn about bugs
to learn the history of the tree and the area it grew in
69
Geologic time scale - EPOCHS:
tens of millions of years ago
a few million years ago
hundreds millions of years ago
70
What is mass extinction?
When global changes occur in climactic conditions.
The extinction of many species in a relatively short period
When an existing species outcompetes another.
When a single species can no longer be found on Earth.
71
Which cladogram shows the correct order of organisms as indicated in the chart?
Cladogram C
Cladogram B
Cladogram D
Cladogram A
72
Fossils form in which type of rock?
Igneous
All of the above
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
73
What did giraffe gain from evolution
Fatter body
Long legs
Long necks
Big body
74
Order the fossils according to their relative age
5,3,1,4,2
1,3,2,4,5
2,4,1,3,5
75
A fossil is...
A preserved remnant that lived.
systematic digging
a book about history
word of mouth stories past down
76
What is Artificial selection?
The intent of breeding of plants and animals to gain traits.
Human reproduction
Plants growing through photosynthesis.
The reproduction of animals.
77
What is causing the 6th mass extinction?
Humans
Climate Change
Greenhouse Gases
Disease
78
Organisms that share similar DNA are said to have _____.
a similar environment
a common ancestor
a phenotypic relationship
experienced convergent evolution
79
Natural selection occurs because there is a _____ in a species.
selection (successful reproduction)
overpopulation
competition (struggle to survive)
variation
80
When was the first evidence of life?
100,000 years ago
190 million people
4.5 billion years ago
3.8 billion years ago
81
law of superposition
older rock layers lie above younger rock layers
all rock layers are the same age
you cannot tell the age of rock layers from their appearence
older rock layers lie beneath younger rock layers
82
Order the layers from oldest to youngest
B, E, D, C, F, A
E, C, B, F, A D
B, D, C, E, F, A
A, F, E, C, D , B
83
Favorable traits are
Not important
Characteristics that help an organism survive & thrive in its environment.
organisms with similar characteristics that can mate and produce offspring.
A permanent change in the DNA of an organism.
84
The first evidence of life was
1.5 bya
4.6 billion years ago
3.6-3.8 bya
85
Order the layers from oldest to youngest ....
F, C, A
F, A, C
A, C, F
A, F, C
86
Why do scientist study ice cores?
To learn about patterns of global warming and cooling.
To check the Earth's temperature.
To learn when the world is ending.
To freeze things.
87
What is a species?
organisms that can produce fertile offspring
all the organisms that live and interact in an environment
organisms that perform a certain function in an environment
the organisms that belong to the domain Eukarya
88
Favorable traits are inherited
False
True
89
Which bird beak adaptation is used for ripping prey?
Eagle
Duck
Woodpecker
Pelican
90
Two closely related species would have...
Identical proteins
Same evolutionary history
Similar proteins
Same number of mutations
91
Geologic Time Scale
a record of life forms and geological events in earths history
The slow wobble as earth spins on its axis
the shape of earths orbit around the sun
the axial tilt of the earth in relation to earths plane of orbit
92
Which statement about natural selection is true?
Organisms which survive to reproduce pass on favorable genes
Organisms develop adaptations to their environment as needed
Offspring can inherit traits that develop during its life
Natural selection works on individuals, not populations
93
Over time, life on earth has become more complex. Which listed is the LEAST complex life form?
mosquitoes
tape worms
hermit crabs
bacteria
94
According to fossil records, life on earth has become more _______ over time.
Complex
Short
Basic
Moist

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