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AP WHM Review Unit 1-4
AP WHM Review Unit 1-4
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1
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
2
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
3
During the Abbasid Empire, this center of learning was a place for all cultures and religions to interact
House of Wisdom
Library of Alexandria
Taj Mahal
Hagia Sophia
4
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Machu, Last Imperial Dynasty of China.
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
5
Mound building societies such as the Cahokia and Hopewell would most likely be found in modern day
Arizona and New Mexico
Mexico
Missouri, Arkansas, and Tennessee
Peru and Chile
6
For medieval Europeans, contact with Muslim Spain, the Crusades, and the rise of Italian trading city-states led to
the spread of Islam
significant borrowing of technology
decreased taste for luxury goods
decreased long-distance trade
7
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
8
Which Muslim group overthrew the Umayyad dynasty, set up a new caliphate, and moved the capital to Baghdad?
Ottomans
Sassanids
Seljuks
Abbasids
9
The network of exchange labelled with a "
B
" on this map is known as...
The Silk Roads
The Indian Ocean (Sea) Routes
European Mediterranean Routes
Trans-Saharan (sand) Routes
10
Gunpowder, invented in China and diffused by Mongols, EVENTUALLY enabled imperial expansion in Eurasia and the Americas.
True
False
11
Which of the following was an INTERACTION WITH THE ENVIRONMENT cause of Mongol success?
Vast 'steppe' pastures that could feed both horses and men.
Tolerance of any and all religious traditions
Less patriarchy that allowed women to contribute to the army
The 'anda' pledge which unified clans under Genghis Khan
12
The Chinese population doubled during the Song Dynasty mainly because of
government required pro-natalist policies
vaccinations and medical experiments to combat the plague
the introduction of a drought resistant strain of champa rice
conquest over Japan and Korea
13
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
14
Confucian principle that teaches that children should obey and honor their parents and respect elders.
Mandate of Heaven
tribute system
filial piety
caste system
15
What was
NOT
a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
16
The empire from Unit 3 that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy (trade), spurring Portugal et al to explore, was
the Mughals
the Ottomans
the Manchu Qing
the Safavids
17
The practice of "caravans" on the Trans-Sahara would have reduced the volume of goods that could be carried.
False
True
18
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
19
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
silver-backed currencies.
caravels using lateen sails.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
colonies in the Americas.
20
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army or civil servants.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Abolished slavery within the empire.
21
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
22
The strong centralized and hierarchical Roman government eventually collapsed and was replaced in W. Europe by....
Sharia law
Persian monarchies
feudalism
Chinese bureaucracy
23
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
24
Which trade route(s) was most responsible for the diffusion of paper from East Asia to Europe?
The Indian Ocean Sea Route
The Trans-Saharan Sand Routes
The Mediterranean Sea Route
The Central Asian Silk Roads
25
Where would you find this structure?
Istanbul
Spain
Northern India
West Africa
26
How did the Chinese explain the rise and fall of dynasties?
Neo-Confucianism
The Mandate of Heaven
Feudalism
Filial Piety
27
Which culture โธ began in South Asia, but then spread rapidly on the Silk Roads to East Asia?
Christianity
Islam
Confucianism
Buddhism
28
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created taxation systems
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
29
This map demonstrates that "The Black Death"
started in Eastern Europe because of the Russian city Kiev.
started in the Middle East because of the Crusades.
started in Africa along the Trans-Saharan 'sand' routes.
started in East Asia and spread because of Silk Road trade.
30
A mysticism Islamic practice, it was a way to have a closer connection to Allah. Helped Islam spread to India & SE Asia
Shia
Sufi
Sunni
Sikh
31
A similarity between Europe and the Song Dynasty in the 1200s is that
both extended rights to women
both were Christian societies
both engaged in holy wars with Muslim caliphates in the Holy Land
both relied on free peasant agricultural labor
32
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
33
The following map illustrates which of the following processes?
the spread of the bubonic plague
the spread of Islam
the extent of the Ottoman Empire
the spread of Buddhism
34
While all of these were carried on the Silk Roads, what would have been the most valuable & prized by a merchant ๐ค?
Staple items like food & water
Luxury goods like fine cloth & rugs
Religious relics and books
Bulk raw materials like lumber
35
Theravada and Mahayana are branches of
Buddhism
Islam
Hinduism
Confucianism
36
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
37
Which of the following civilizations continued the pattern of Roman Christian civilization?
Ottoman Empire
Byzantine Empire
Abbasid Empire
Anatolian Empire
38
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
39
Europe (West) increased
DEMAND
for luxuries (like silk) = what happened to Asian (East)
SUPPLY
of luxuries?
Supply went down as Asian artisans reduced luxury goods production.
Supply increased as Asian artisans increased luxury goods production.
Supply stayed constant because Asian artisans ignored European demand.
40
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
41
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of
trading posts
between the
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
42
Which group, the largest # of adherents to Islam, believed that the caliph should be chosen by the Islamic community?
Shamans
Sufis
Sunni
Shia
43
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
44
The network of exchange labelled with a "
C
" on this map is known as...
The Silk Roads
European Mediterranean Routes
Trans-Saharan (sand) Routes
The Indian Ocean (Sea) Routes
45
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
46
Which of these effects of trade from 1200 to 1450 is part of the theme of
ECONOMIC
Commercial Practices
?
Paper money, credit, & banking houses improved transaction efficiency.
The merchant class gained in social prestige in many hierarchies.
The power of imperial states grew as they taxed/regulated trade.
Buddhism, and other belief systems, spread along trade routes.
47
Which set of tech./innovations most helped Silk Road travellers overcome ENVIRONMENTAL challenges on the Silk Roads
Dhow ships, junks, & the magnetic compass
Yokes, saddles, & stirrups for domesticated pack animals
Bills of exchange, checks, & paper currency
Paper making, gunpowder, & the astrolabe
48
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
49
The expansion of Ottoman and Safavid empires led to conflict . What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
50
Angkor Wat, in
Southeast Asia
, shows religious syncretism (๐+โธ) between which religions of the ๐Indian Ocean๐ Route ?
Confucianism and Buddhism
Christianity and Judaism
Hinduism and Buddhism
Islam and Buddhism
51
Buddhism spread from Northern India to East Asia mainly via
war and conquest
the Indian Ocean trade network
extensive network of Roman roads
The Silk Roads
52
Which factor(s) contributed to the success of the Mongol Empire?
protecting & encouraging merchant trade on the silk roads.
Mobile warfare & strategies of fear and terror.
tolerating and eventually converting to others' religions.
incorporating talented foreigners into all parts of their empire.
53
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
Created Tribute collection systems
54
There were many urban ๐ city types, but these "inns and guesthouses for merchants" on the Silk Roads were known as...
Imperial Capitals
Entrepots
Diasporic Communities
Caravanserai
55
This map emphasizes evidence which could BEST be used to support which of the following claims?
Merchants funded building projects.
Luxury goods were the primary focus of trade.
Religions spread on trade routes.
Trade routes led to the growth of cities.
56
Christianity was able to take root and survive in what part of Africa?
South Africa (Great Zimbabwe)
North Africa
East Africa (Ethiopia)
West Africa (Mali)
57
All of the images below deal
MOSTLY
with which time period in European history?
The Age of Exploration
The Artistic Renaissance
The Enlightenment
The Scientific Revolution
58
Refers to the land of Islam; territories in which Islam and its religious laws may be practiced
dar al-Islam
hijira
jizya
umma
59
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
60
The Byzantine Empire was defeated in 1453 by
the Umayyad caliphate
the Ottomans
the Sassanids
the Seljuk Turks
61
How did Chinese dynasties such as the Song ensure strong control over their political bureaucracies?
lack of trade with other societies
strong protective defense measures like The Great Wall
toleration of other religions and cultures
intense examinations based on Confucianism
62
Islam spread rapidly to West Africa primarily through
voluntary conversions to avoid taxes
war and conquest
forced conversions
trade
63
Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca; one of the Five Pillars of Islam.
Ka'baa
Jizya
Hajj
Sunni
64
The Chinese invention of paper
MOST CAUSED
which new commercial practice between 1200 to 1450?
Use of the # 0 in accounting
Coercive slave labor
Printed money
The giving of tributes
65
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region?
Russia
China
South Asia
Middle East
66
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
67
Which region's religion would have been the LEAST represented in the Indian Ocean network before 1450 C.E.?
B) The Middle East's Islam
D) East Asian Buddhism
C) South Asia's Hinduism
A) European Christianity