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Science Final 2024 Flashcards | StudBud
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Science Final 2024
Science Final 2024
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1
Why is it difficult for organisms to live in the intertidal zone?
The constantly cold temperatures
The abundance of sunlight
The waves continually pound that area of the beach
The lack of sunlight
2
In the grasslands, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of
none of the above
water limits and fire
limited sunlight and nutrients
insects and fungi
3
Which type of energy is found in the bonds of a glucose molecule?
Thermal
Kinetic
Chemical
Nuclear
4
Which statement correctly defines one of the four parts of evolution by natural selection?
Adaptation: a trait that lets an organism better survive in its environment
Overproduction: each generation produces more offspring than the previous
Extinction: that state in which all of the members of a species have died.
Variation: individuals have different heritable traits than others
5
Precipitation, evaporation, and condensation are the three stages of the water cycle. This process is the cycling of:
Matter
Energy
Carbon
Ecosystems
6
Suppose you raise tropical fish that are all green. How would you explain an orange fish among the newly hatched young?
extinction
mutation
phenotype
natural selection
7
Which of these statements best describes Charles Darwin's thoughts on natural selection?
Unfavorable variations grow in a species, while favorable ones disappear.
Over short periods of time, natural selection can lead to change.
Over long periods of time, natural selection can lead to change.
Helpful variations quickly accumulate in a species
8
Bacteria and fungi play an important role in all of the following except:
composting
Carbon-oxygen cycle
nitrogen cycle
water cycle
9
A group of ecosystems on land that share similar climates and organisms are called a
biosphere
habitat
biome
microhabitat
10
Freshwater area with high species diversity.
marine ecosystem
freshwater ecosystem
estuary
wetlands
11
________ is when some animals move toward an external stimulus.
Taxis
camouflage
estivation
12
Which of these actions can produce a clone?
Copying the genetic material from one cell and inserting it in another cell
Removing a gene from the DNA of an existing organism
Inserting a gene into the DNA of an existing organism
Developing new plants by crossing different types of plants
13
Which phrase best defines biotechnology?
The use of computers and other electronic devices in the field of biology
The application of living things and biological processes
The process of making a genetically identical organism or cell
The development of instruments that are used to study biological processes
14
Humans increase erosion by __?
Planting grass
Building dams and levees to prevent flooding
Installing drains/ditches
Removing plants and trees
15
While walking on a warm, sunny, afternoon, Dina feels sweaty and notices her dog is panting. What is causing this?
Thirst
High Temperature
Light From the Sun
Hunger
16
The combination of biotic and abiotic factors in a given area is __
the environment
the community
the biome
the ecosystem
17
Which type of change would most affect the shoreline during a tropical storm?
deposition
erosion
chemical weathering
physical weathering
18
During __________ certain types of reptiles will bury themselves to keep cool
camouflage
estivation
taxis
19
Which two limiting factors determine the types of plants and wildlife found in land biomes?
precipitation and temperature
precipitation and oxygen
temperature and nitrogen
temperature and sunlight
20
What ocean zone has lots of barrier reefs?
neritic
deep ocean
intertidal
open ocean
21
Which of the following actions causes the deposition of sand at a delta?
River water slowing as it enters the ocean
Ocean water slowing as it reaches the coast
Ocean waves transporting sand toward land
Salt water and fresh water mixing together
22
Nitrogen is an important element to living organisms because it _
allows photosynthesis to occur
is a reactant in cellular respiration
is a source of energy
helps make proteins
23
Which of the following consumers feed on dead or dying organisms?
Herbivore
Omnivore
Scavenger
Decomposer
24
Roger eats food. What describes the energy transformation that occurs in Roger’s cells as a result of digesting it?
mechanical energy to chemical energy
radiant energy to mechanical energy to chemical energy
radiant energy to chemical energy
chemical energy to mechanical energy and thermal energy
25
Identify the agent that causes a meander of a river.
Gravity
Glacier
Moving water
Wind
26
How does deposition affect the barrier islands on the Texas Gulf Coast?
Strong winds from the ocean carry sand away from the barrier islands
Ocean waves deposit sand and debris on the ocean-facing side of the island
Ocean currents wash sand off of the islands and back into the ocean
Ocean waves crash over the islands, depositing sand on the mainland coast
27
Wild carrots have thin, white roots. Over time, carrot farmers have selected carrots that have thick, bright orange
artificial selection
cloning
genetic engineering
28
Identify the agent that causes the Mississippi River Delta.
Gravity
Moving water
Glacier
Waves
29
Mutation adds a new skin color in a lizard population,what factor might decide whether the color with become more common
It will increase only if the new skin color is recessive
If mutation makes some lizards more fit for their environment than others
If the mutation occurs in at least 3 lizards
If the mutation occurred in a male or female lizard
30
What role in the survival of the plant does a beet's root have?
It protects the seeds
It stores energy
It is involved with photosynthesis
It absorbs light
31
Limiting factors for an aquatic ecosystems include all except ......
salinity
precipitation
sunlight
temperature
32
Which of the following characteristics of a watershed would act to reduce erosion?
A large number of lakes
Channels with a high gradient
Large floodplain areas
Soil with high porosity
33
A ___ shows one feeding relationship in an ecosystem.
food chain
food web
food pyramid
food lineage
34
Is "exfoliated granite on top of Enchanted Rock" an example of physical or chemical weathering?
Physical
Chemical
35
Which word best describes the response when seedlings grow in the direction of light?
Stimulus
Hibernation
Taxis
Tropism
36
Out of the following areas, in which location would you find an estuary?
The Gulf of Mexico entering the Atlantic Ocean
The Missouri River entering the Mississippi River
The Amazon River entering the Atlantic Ocean
The Colorado River entering Lake Buchanan
37
Which of these correctly lists the four essential parts of natural selection?
Living space, adaptation, selection, and hunting
Overproduction, genetic variation, selection, and adaptation
Selection, extinction, underproduction, and competition
Asexual reproduction, genetic variation, selection, and adaptation
38
Lightning plays an important role in the _
nitrogen cycle
water cycle
none of the above
carbon cycle
39
In the carbon (also called carbon-oxygen) cycle, carbon is returned to the atmosphere through:
cellular respiration only
photosynthesis and cellular respiration
photosynthesis only
cellular respiration and decomposition
40
What is an example of an organism reacting to external stimulus?
A plant wilting
An animal feeling hungry
An animal moving out of the sun
A person vomiting
41
What is the major agent of erosion on Earth’s crust?
Water
Wind
Sedimentation
Mass movement
42
Write the chemical equation for the process that
releases
energy in plants.
C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2 + H2O
CH3+O4 = CO2 + 2O6
CO2 + H2O = C6H +O2
C6H12O6 + O7 = H2O + 2OH
43
A thermometer is a tool used to measure
Carbon dioxide
Matter
Sub-atomic particles
Energy
44
Covers more than 70% of Earth's surface.
estuary
lakes and ponds
marine ecosystem
freshwater ecosystem
45
An energy pyramid shows the __
the number of organisms available at each level in an ecosystem
the amount of energy passed from one level of organisms to another level
the transfer of abiotic factors in an ecosystem
overlapping of food chains
46
Write the chemical equation for the process that
stores
energy in plants.
C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2 + H2O
CH3+O4 = CO2 + 2O6
C6H12O6 + O7 = H2O + 2OH
CO2 + H2O = C6H12O6 + O2
47
Water interacts with air and oxygen is added to the water. Have fast and slow moving water.
Wetlands
Rivers and streams
Lakes and ponds
Estuary
48
Which of the following is true of the relationship between producers, consumers, and decomposers?
all are organisms that combine oxygen and carbon dioxide to release energy
all are organisms that combine carbon dioxide and water to release energy
all are heterotrophs that transform chemical and mechanical energy
all are organisms that carry out cellular respiration
49
What three things affect biodiversity?
decomposers, herbivores, and carnivores
productivity, number of offspring produced, and longevity
sustainability, microhabitats, and parasitism
climate, ecosystem size, and number of different niches and habitats
50
Identify the agent that causes/creates a beach along a coastline.
Wind
Gravity
Waves
Moving water
51
What functions is xylem specifically adapted to perform in plants?
uses leaves to capture sunlight for photosynthesis
helps prevent water loss
Transports water from roots to leaves
exchanges gases with the atmosphere
52
What is an example of an organism reacting to internal stimulus?
the roots of a tree growing downward, in the direction of gravity
an apple on a tree ripening
the stem of a sunflower bending toward light
a leaf closing when a bee brushes against it
53
Which of the following might result from the process of natural eutrophication?
A pond becomes a meadow
A glacier retreats to expose new land
A non-native species takes over
A rock breaks down into soil
54
Which of the following would likely be a result of removing the native snakes from the area?
There will be an increase in the number of snake's predators.
Some other animal will take over the niche and habitat of the snake.
There will be a descrease in the milk production.
55
The process of __ produced the new beach at the bottom of the canyon.
Weathering
Sedimentation
Erosion
Deposition
56
Which of these scenarios is an example of natural selection?
Farmers crossbreed two types of cows to produce a higher-quality breed
People capture yellow fish and breed only the most attractive individuals.
Giraffes with longer necks survive by eating leaves from the tops of trees
Dogs that have a pretty coat are bred with one another to produce showdogs
57
An insect eats a plant and a bird eats the insect; how much energy from the plant is in the insect for the bird to use?
1%
50%
10%
90%
58
When a frog develops from tadpole to adult, it goes through changes such as growing legs. What is the role of hormones?
The hormones are external stimuli
The hormones blocks tadpoles' responses.
The hormones are threatening stimuli
The hormones are internal stimuli
59
When an organism responds to stimulus, the set of actions they carry out is called a(n) ____________.
behavior
response
reaction
60
Clay and granite are often found at the bottom of aquifers because they are __
solid
permeable
impermeable
waterproof
61
Antelopes and thoroughbred racehorses both run fast.What is the best explanation for why antelopes can outrun predators?
environmental selection
natural selection
hybridization
Selective breeding
