What is the difference between bacterial termination and eukaryotic termination?

Bacterial termination is signaled by a transcription termination signal

the appropriate anticodon of the next tRNA goes to the A-site

Alternative splicing allows....

one gene to make multiple proteins by choosing which exons are used

How do retroviruses violate the central dogma?

Retroviruses use enzymes to make DNA from RNA & integrate into host DNA

During translation, translocation refers to:

moving the ribosome along the mRNA molecule

During transcription termination ________.

RNA polymerase disengages from DNA

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Molecular Biology Basics

29 termsStudBud Administration

Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of transcription, translation, and RNA processing

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Questions 29

Answers

1
What is the role of chaperone proteins?
Transport proteins
Unfold proteins
Degrade proteins
Fold proteins
2
What is the role of reverse transcriptase?
Degrades RNA
Replicates DNA
Converts RNA to DNA
Synthesizes RNA
3
What is the difference between bacterial termination and eukaryotic termination?
Bacterial termination ends via Poly (A) signal
Eukaryotic termination results in the mRNA looking like a hairpin loop
Eukaryotic termination ends with a transcription termination signal
Bacterial termination is signaled by a transcription termination signal
4
3 nitrogenous bases on tRNA are called this:
polycodon
triple threat
stop codon
anti-codon
5
codon recognition is
the tRNA in the A-site moves to the p-site
peptide bonds are formed that transfer the polypeptide to the A-site tRNA
the appropriate anticodon of the next tRNA goes to the A-site
hydrolyzes the bond that holds the polypeptide
6
Which of the following are NOT pre-mRNA modifications?
Introns Removed
3' Poly A Tail
Exons removed
5' Cap
7
What is required for eukaryotic transcriptional termination?
a series of G-C nucleotides
RNA splicing machinery
an AAUAAA site for cleavage
a 5' cap
8
Which RNA carries amino acids?
tRNA
mRNA
rRNA
snRNA
9
Which codon signals translation start?
UGA
AUG
UAG
UAA
10
In translation when does peptide bond formation happen?
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
Happens in transcription
11
During translation which of the following is NOT a part of the translation initiation complex
DNA
Small subunit of the ribosome
mRNA
tRNA
12
What is the role of rRNA?
Transports lipids
Carries DNA
Synthesizes proteins
Forms ribosomes
13
Transcription occurs in the
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Ribosome
14
Alternative splicing allows....
introns to become exons in some cases and make multiple proteins
one gene to make multiple proteins by choosing which exons are used
the DNA to be cut up and rearranged into multiple genes
multiple genes to make 1 protein by splicing them together
15
Which process involves RNA splicing?
Replication
Mutation
Translation
Transcription
16
The start codon in DNA is __ __ __ .
AUG
CAT
there is no start codon
AUC
17
How do retroviruses violate the central dogma?
Retroviruses use host DNA to make viral RNA, then incorporate into host DNA
Retroviruses are responsible for using DNA to synthesize more viral RNA
Retroviruses are pre-historic and existed prior to the central dogma
Retroviruses use enzymes to make DNA from RNA & integrate into host DNA
18
Determine the amino acid for the DNA sequence CAG TAG CGA.
Valine-Phenylalanine-Alanine
Valine-Isoleucine-Glycine
Valine-Isoleucine-Alanine
Valine-Aspartic Acid-Alanine
19
What is the TATA box?
Ribosome site
RNA sequence
DNA promoter
Protein structure
20
Determine the amino acid chain: AAA GGG CCC
Valine -Serine-Valine
Lysine-Glycine-Serine
Lysine-Glysine-Stop
Lysine - Glycine-Proline
21
During translation, translocation refers to:
moving the ribosome along the mRNA molecule
releasing a tRNA molecule from the ribosome
joining an amino acid to a tRNA molecule
joining a tRNA molecule to the ribosome
22
What is the function of a poly-A tail?
Stabilizes mRNA
Transports mRNA
Degrades mRNA
Replicates mRNA
23
Which enzyme attaches amino acids to tRNA?
Ligase
RNA polymerase
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
DNA polymerase
24
pre-mRNA modifications occurs in ____.
Prokaryotes Only
Eukaryotes Only
Bacteria
Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
25
Where does translation occur?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
26
During transcription initiation, what do transcription factors do?
add amino acids to the growing protein
hide the promoter
signal RNA polymerase
copy the DNA
27
During transcription termination ________.
Ribosomes disengage from the mRNA
RNA polymerase disengages from DNA
Sigma disengagea from RNA polymerase
DNA replicates the termination sequence
28
During Transcription Elongation ...
all of the above
The RNA strand peels away from its DNA template
Polymerase adds complementary nucleotides
RNA grows longer
29
This enzyme is found in retroviruses and not in typical eukaryotic cells.
DNA ligase
reverse transcriptase
RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase

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