An optimistic explanatory style in a positive event requires:

Permanence, pervasiveness and personalization

Rules that govern the order of words

___&__ refers to how people remember words at the beginning and end of a list better than words presented in the middle

The primacy effect, The recency effect

Genetics has absolutely no relatedness to obesity

It sorta does… Just not independently

The transtheoretical model of change consists of the following six phases:

Precontemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance termination.

Interpretation of pain impulses is influenced cultural learning

True, did you see that guy hanging by hooks!

Wernicke’s area is:

Involved in speech comprehension and production, In the rear portion of temporal lobe

Coping self-efficacy is:

The belief that we can perform behaviours to cope successfully

State-dependent memory is:

Ability to retrieve a memory is enhanced if internal state is the same

Involved in word production, Located in the left hemisphere of the frontal lobe

The stages in problem solving are:

Frame/understand, hypothesize, test, evaluate

A stress response has 3 components:

Cognitive, physiological and behavioural

Gaining weight, then dieting and losing, then gaining

What kind of immune reaction occurs within minutes of an immune challenge?

Non-specific (natural immunity)

Emotion-focused coping strategies focus on:

Attempt to manage the emotional responses

Source confusion, also known as source monitoring error, is:

Recalling something but forgetting where we encountered that thing

The word-shape hypothesis states:

Words can be recognised based on their whole/overall shape, Words have a holistic form/envelope

Dissociation strategy in managing pain involved:

Distracting oneself from the pain

The misinformation effect is:

Information after an event distorting how you remember that event

Type C is ____ and type D is _____

Passive and helpless - irritable and anxious

Mental representations of motor movements

There are 2 interrelated systems that coordinate physiological stress responses:

Sympathetic adreno-medullary and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical, SAM and HPA

The learning theory of language states:

Language is acquired through reinforcement and punishment

studbud

101183 Psychology: Behavioural Science Modules 9(continued) 10 & 11

100 termsStudBud Administration35 plays

Hey homo sapiens/fairies/ogres/a;iens/mermaids/robots/creature .. This quiz continues mod 9 coz the stupid 100 question limit didn't let me include the rest of the questions but yh had to suck it up..it aLSO covers modules 10 (Health and wellbeing) and 11 (Language & tHinKing)

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
Deductive reasoning:
Goes from specific to general
Both of the above
Is bottom up reasoning
Goes from general to specific
2
An optimistic explanatory style in a positive event requires:
What in the world…
Chance, temporary and restrictedness
Optimism, explanation and style
Permanence, pervasiveness and personalization
3
Syntax is:
Rules that govern the order of words
Both of the above
a sticky tape brand you can find at office-works
Rules that dictate how symbols can be combined to form meaning
4
___&__ refers to how people remember words at the beginning and end of a list better than words presented in the middle
The serial position effect
The primacy effect
The recency effect
The state-dependent memory
5
Genetics has absolutely no relatedness to obesity
You are absolutely correct
It sorta does… Just not independently
6
Why do we forget?
all of the options
We forget because other items override memories (interference)
With time, long term physical memory fades away (decay)
We are motivated to forget; repression
7
Propositional thought is that which relates to images we can see, hear or feel
True
False
8
Cognitive appraisal to a stress response is:
Of consequences and their meaning
Of resources
All options
Of demands
9
Vocabulary expands to between 50 and 100 words without usage of articles:
18-24 months
2-4 years
12-18 months
7-11 months
10
State anxiety is:
Feeling like your anxious
All options
A transitory emotional state
Individual differences to anxiety proneness
11
High-risk situations include:
Social pressure to perform the behaviour
Interpersonal conflicts
Stressful events
All optionsss
12
The transtheoretical model of change consists of the following six phases:
Precontemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance termination.
Regret, planning, execution, maintenance, resilience, stability
Contemplation, reaction, motivation, decision, resilience, determination
Action, reaction, theory, modelling, planning, execution
13
Evolutionary theorists believe language evolved as we adapted to a social lifestyle
True
False
14
Reasoning can be split into two:
Deductive and inductive
Motoric and imaginative
Motoric and propositional
Abstract and practical
15
Interpretation of pain impulses is influenced cultural learning
Pain is pain, no influences
True, did you see that guy hanging by hooks!
16
Wernicke’s area is:
Is located near the hippocampus
none of the above
Involved in speech comprehension and production
In the rear portion of temporal lobe
17
Proactive interference is newly acquired information interfering with old memories
True
False
18
Culture has an influence on our schemas which influencing how we remember things:
True
False
19
Coping self-efficacy is:
The ability to cope with one’s underlying beliefs
The belief that we can perform behaviours to cope successfully
The ability to perform behaviours successfully
all of the optionssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
20
State-dependent memory is:
Retrieval is achieved in a state of trance
Ability to retrieve a memory is enhanced if internal state is the same
Ability to retrieve a memory is enhanced if environment is the same
The state must give you permission to retrieve a memory
21
Factors that influence stressor impact include:
Predictability and controllability
Chronicity
Intensity and duration
All of the options
22
Acquiring a language as an adult is far more effective than as an infant
True
False
23
Broca’s area is:
Involved in word production
The place of origin where 'broccolis' derived from
Located in the right hemisphere
Located in the left hemisphere of the frontal lobe
24
Micro stressors include:
Death of a loved one
Long traffic
All of the options
An earthquake
25
The brain regions involved in memory include:
Cerebellum and prefrontal cortex
Frontal cortex and thalamus
Amygdala and hippocampus
all of the options
26
Semantics is the meaning of words and sentences
True
False
27
A stressful situation causes general immunity to decrease:
False
True
28
The stages in problem solving are:
Believe in urself, consume the 'artificial intelligence potion', make magic
Hypothesize, frame/understand, test, evaluate
Frame/understand, hypothesize, test, evaluate
Evaluate, frame/understand, hypothesize, test
29
A stress response has 3 components:
Primary, secondary and consequences
Fight, flight and adapt
Cognitive, physiological and behavioural
Event, reaction and behaviour
30
Yo-yo dieting is:
Gaining weight, then dieting and losing, then gaining
Using a yoyo when dieting?
none of the options
Aligning one’s speed with the relativity of a yoyo upon exercise
31
Stress is:
A pattern of cognitive appraisals and physiological responses
All options
Includes behavioural tendencies
Occurs in response to an imbalance in situational demands and resources
32
What kind of immune reaction occurs within minutes of an immune challenge?
Non-specific (natural immunity)
Specific immunity
Generalize immunity
Local immunity
33
Emotion-focused coping strategies focus on:
Turning to others for assistance
Attempt to confront and deal with the situation
Attempt to manage the emotional responses
all optionnnsnnsnsnsnssnnnsnqsnkwjn3ifbehbfehblwwndkjnfow
34
Source confusion, also known as source monitoring error, is:
Recalling something consciously in a distorted effect
Referencing a secondary source instead of a primary
Recalling something but forgetting where we encountered that thing
Confusing someone for another
35
There is little compelling evidence that mental stress alone causes physical illness
That is correct
Dude, how could you even consider such a proposition?
36
Basic grammatical rules in meaningful sentences are learnt
4-5 years
12 months
12-18 months
2-4 years
37
The hierarchy of language starts with ___ and ends with ___
Morphemes, Phonemes
Babbling, Morphemes
Phonemes, Discourse
Phonemes, Morphemes
38
The word-shape hypothesis states:
Words can be recognised based on their whole/overall shape
All of the above
Words could be interpreted differently according to every individual
Words have a holistic form/envelope
39
Dissociation strategy in managing pain involved:
Distracting oneself from the pain
Accepting the pain and achieving calmness
he fell off a cliff..and died.. The end.
there once was a duck named fred..he couldn't quack..
40
The misinformation effect is:
Information after an event distorting how you remember that event
Deceiving an individual by providing them wrong information
Information before an event distorting how you remember that event
Not understanding what a person actually meant
41
Type C is ____ and type D is _____
Cataclysmic - Donatello
You’re making these 2 categories up right?
Passive and helpless - irritable and anxious
Impatience - Urgency
42
Motoric thought is:
all options
Mental representations of motor movements
That which consists of images we can see or feel
That which expresses a proposition or statement
43
A behavioural program for weight loss starts with a period of self-monitoring
False
True
44
There are 2 interrelated systems that coordinate physiological stress responses:
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Fight and flight
Sympathetic adreno-medullary and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical
SAM and HPA
45
The transactional model of stress states stress is an interaction between organism and environment
False
True
46
What are the types of attention?
all of the options
focussed , divided, vigilance
Vigilance, modality specific and overt
Top down and bottom up
47
Retrograde amnesia is memory loss for events that occur after onset of amnesia:
True
False
48
Noam Chomsky promoted the idea of language being nurture based
True
False
49
Phonological awareness is awareness of the sound structure of one's language
False
True
50
The learning theory of language states:
all options
Language is innate
Language is acquired through reinforcement and punishment
There is a critical period to acquire a language
51
A syllogism is formal statements in deductive reasoning
False
True
52
There are 2 kinds of immune reactions:
Natural and unnatural
Natural and specific
non of the optionznksndnqwnjj/,,.[=
General and specific
53
Which immune reaction is slow and targeted?
Specialised immunity
Non-specific (natural immunity)
Biochemical immunity
Specific immunity
54
1-3 months old infants:
Perception of phonemes narrow to the heard language
Distinguish speech from non speech sounds
Babbling sounds begin
First recognisable words spoken
55
All adult languages have underlying common structural characteristics
True
False
56
There are four properties essential to language:
wubba lubba dub dubbbb
Phonemes, morphemes, word, phrases
Symbols, structure, meaning and generativity
both of the abOvEee
57
The General adaptation syndrome describes the body’s response to a stressor including:
Stop, reflect and adapt
Cope, fight and flight
Stop, drop and roll
Alarm, resistance and exhaustion
58
Remembering the skills to ride a bike is related to:
Explicit memory
none of the options
Procedural memory
Episodic memory
59
A high BMI for women is correlated with a/an _____ in depressive episodes:
Decrease
Increase
60
In a negative event, a pessimist reacts by:
Internal, permanent and pervasive views
Internal, temporary and specific views
External, permanent and pervasive views
External, temporary and specific views
61
Motivational interviewing is:
Involves asking questions about current state, self image and future
An intervention for substance abuse
All options
Allows the person to reach their own conclusions
62
Health enhancing behaviours include:
Safe sex and healthy diet
Smoking and drugs
All options
Over eating
63
Psycholinguistics is:
Understanding linguistics through biological study
Studying psychology in a linguistic fashion
all optionsssnsjwknjkqnjdwnd
The scientific study of psychological aspects of language
64
‘Type A’ personality refers to serenity and lack of time urgency
NO! That’s type B. Type A is competitive and time-urgent
YES!
65
The phases in the transtheoretical model are linear, meaning they must occur in the listed order:
True
False
66
Which of the following is not part of the ‘Transtheoretical model’?
Contemplation
Post-contemplation
Pre-contemplation
Action
67
According to operant conditioning, natural stimuli such as water that an organism naturally finds reinforcing is:
a negative reinforcer
a discriminative reinforcer
a secondary reinforcer
a primary reinforcer
68
Displacement refers to:
How language allows us to speak about abstract things
accidentally teleporting to a galactic dimension
how symbols can be combined to generate infinite messages
Symbols used and their order
69
Surface structure in language is ___ and deep structure is ___
Appearance of language, dissecting language
underlying meaning of combined symbols, Symbols used in order
Symbols used in order, underlying meaning of combined symbols
layout of language, analysing structure of language
70
Concept are:
The most typical and familiar members of a category or class
Both of the above
Mental categories which we place things based on common features
Basic units of semantic memory
71
Prototypes are:
Both of the above
The most typical and familiar members of a category or class
Basic units of semantic memory
Mental categories which we place things based on common features
72
The ‘abstinence violation effect’ is:
Abstaining from violating behaviours
Both of the above
Viewing the lapse as a proof of never able to change
Self-blaming after a lapse
73
The encoding specificity principle states:
Retrieval is the codification of darwinian
none of the options
Specific encoding is crucial to retainment
Context, state and mood influence retrieval of memory
74
Algorithms and heuristics are two broad approaches to solving problems
True
False
75
Daniel has officially quit smoking for a long time. Which stage of the ‘Transtheoretical model’ is this?
Maintenance
Termination
Contemplation
Action
76
The hedonic treadmill refers to:
Seeing ourselves worse off than the standard of comparison
A sense of meaning in life and happiness
Seeing ourselves better of than the standard of comparison
Our capacity to adapt to both good and bad
77
Inductive reasoning potentially leads to ___ and deductive to ___:
Likelihood , certainty
Ducks, duck prison chamber
Knowledge , wisdom
Certainty , likelihood
78
Men’s response is more commonly:
Tend and befriend
There’s no difference between men and women and aliens in this
Fight or flight
e=mccircle - Hitler 1927
79
In a positive event, a pessimist reacts by:
Internal, temporary and specific views
Internal, permanent and pervasive views
External, temporary and specific views
External, permanent and pervasive views
80
Stumbling blocks in reasoning include
Framing; presenting information in different ways
all options
Belief bias; abandoning logic for personal beliefs
Distraction by irrelevant information
81
Benjamin Whorf formed the theory that:
Is known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
All optionzZzZzzZZZZZZZZZzzzZZzzzzz
Language shapes thoughts and emotions
Language determines perception of reality
82
Harm-reduction is an approach taken in behavioural intervention to:
Reduce the behaviour because of its harm
Eliminate the behaviour itself
Remove the behaviour because of its harm
Reduce the harmful effects of a behaviour
83
The contemplation phase is ‘intending to start a new behaviour in the next ___ months:
6
3
12
2
84
There is a positive relationship between physical activity and mental health
False
True
85
Aerobic exercise is sustained activity that raises the heart rate and increases need for oxygen
No, that’s anaerobic!!
Yepp!
86
Explicit memory involves conscious or intentional memory retrieval
False
True
87
Aphasia is an impairment in speech comprehension and production
False
True
88
Acquiring a language post __ leads to difficult fluency, and before __ is most optimal
Age doesn’t matter in language acquisition
3 , 12
13 , 12
12 , 3
89
Bilingualism is:
Learning the usage of colours
The regular use of two languages
Learning linguistics
The regular use of more than two languages
90
Suggestive questioning can distort some children’s memory
True
False
91
Language is:
all of the options
A system of symbols and rules
Awesome!
Combining symbols to generate meaning
92
Obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 35
No dude, it’s above 30
Yes indeed
93
Generativity refers to:
How language allows us to speak about abstract things
defying general gravity
Symbols used and their order
how symbols can be combined to generate infinite messages
94
Bottom up processing is:
Pragmatics; A knowledge of practical aspects of using language
Individual elements analysed and formed into a unified perception
Sensory information interpreted in light of existing knowledge
up bottom processing
95
Inductive reasoning:
Goes from specific to general
Goes from general to specific
Is bottom up reasoning
ducks' reasoning
96
Morphemes are the smallest units of meaning in a language
False
True
97
Personality has an influence on happiness:
False
True
98
Relapse prevention in maintaining a behaviour is:
Is this really a question? Quite clear dude
Designed to reduce the risk of relapse
99
Multimodal treatments refers to:
Changing behaviour through the different modal senses
Combining biological and psychological measures for behaviour change
All optionsszzzsszzz
Modality involvement in nonsensical apparatus
100
Frontal lobes become more active during tasks that place great demands on working memory
True
False

101183 Psychology: Behavioural Science Modules 9(continued) 10 & 11 Flashcards | StudBud

101183 Psychology: Behavioural Science Modules 9(continued) 10 & 11

100 termsStudBud Administration35 plays

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
Deductive reasoning:
Goes from specific to general
Both of the above
Is bottom up reasoning
Goes from general to specific
2
An optimistic explanatory style in a positive event requires:
What in the world…
Chance, temporary and restrictedness
Optimism, explanation and style
Permanence, pervasiveness and personalization
3
Syntax is:
Rules that govern the order of words
Both of the above
a sticky tape brand you can find at office-works
Rules that dictate how symbols can be combined to form meaning
4
___&__ refers to how people remember words at the beginning and end of a list better than words presented in the middle
The serial position effect
The primacy effect
The recency effect
The state-dependent memory
5
Genetics has absolutely no relatedness to obesity
You are absolutely correct
It sorta does… Just not independently
6
Why do we forget?
all of the options
We forget because other items override memories (interference)
With time, long term physical memory fades away (decay)
We are motivated to forget; repression
7
Propositional thought is that which relates to images we can see, hear or feel
True
False
8
Cognitive appraisal to a stress response is:
Of consequences and their meaning
Of resources
All options
Of demands
9
Vocabulary expands to between 50 and 100 words without usage of articles:
18-24 months
2-4 years
12-18 months
7-11 months
10
State anxiety is:
Feeling like your anxious
All options
A transitory emotional state
Individual differences to anxiety proneness
11
High-risk situations include:
Social pressure to perform the behaviour
Interpersonal conflicts
Stressful events
All optionsss
12
The transtheoretical model of change consists of the following six phases:
Precontemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance termination.
Regret, planning, execution, maintenance, resilience, stability
Contemplation, reaction, motivation, decision, resilience, determination
Action, reaction, theory, modelling, planning, execution
13
Evolutionary theorists believe language evolved as we adapted to a social lifestyle
True
False
14
Reasoning can be split into two:
Deductive and inductive
Motoric and imaginative
Motoric and propositional
Abstract and practical
15
Interpretation of pain impulses is influenced cultural learning
Pain is pain, no influences
True, did you see that guy hanging by hooks!
16
Wernicke’s area is:
Is located near the hippocampus
none of the above
Involved in speech comprehension and production
In the rear portion of temporal lobe
17
Proactive interference is newly acquired information interfering with old memories
True
False
18
Culture has an influence on our schemas which influencing how we remember things:
True
False
19
Coping self-efficacy is:
The ability to cope with one’s underlying beliefs
The belief that we can perform behaviours to cope successfully
The ability to perform behaviours successfully
all of the optionssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
20
State-dependent memory is:
Retrieval is achieved in a state of trance
Ability to retrieve a memory is enhanced if internal state is the same
Ability to retrieve a memory is enhanced if environment is the same
The state must give you permission to retrieve a memory
21
Factors that influence stressor impact include:
Predictability and controllability
Chronicity
Intensity and duration
All of the options
22
Acquiring a language as an adult is far more effective than as an infant
True
False
23
Broca’s area is:
Involved in word production
The place of origin where 'broccolis' derived from
Located in the right hemisphere
Located in the left hemisphere of the frontal lobe
24
Micro stressors include:
Death of a loved one
Long traffic
All of the options
An earthquake
25
The brain regions involved in memory include:
Cerebellum and prefrontal cortex
Frontal cortex and thalamus
Amygdala and hippocampus
all of the options
26
Semantics is the meaning of words and sentences
True
False
27
A stressful situation causes general immunity to decrease:
False
True
28
The stages in problem solving are:
Believe in urself, consume the 'artificial intelligence potion', make magic
Hypothesize, frame/understand, test, evaluate
Frame/understand, hypothesize, test, evaluate
Evaluate, frame/understand, hypothesize, test
29
A stress response has 3 components:
Primary, secondary and consequences
Fight, flight and adapt
Cognitive, physiological and behavioural
Event, reaction and behaviour
30
Yo-yo dieting is:
Gaining weight, then dieting and losing, then gaining
Using a yoyo when dieting?
none of the options
Aligning one’s speed with the relativity of a yoyo upon exercise
31
Stress is:
A pattern of cognitive appraisals and physiological responses
All options
Includes behavioural tendencies
Occurs in response to an imbalance in situational demands and resources
32
What kind of immune reaction occurs within minutes of an immune challenge?
Non-specific (natural immunity)
Specific immunity
Generalize immunity
Local immunity
33
Emotion-focused coping strategies focus on:
Turning to others for assistance
Attempt to confront and deal with the situation
Attempt to manage the emotional responses
all optionnnsnnsnsnsnssnnnsnqsnkwjn3ifbehbfehblwwndkjnfow
34
Source confusion, also known as source monitoring error, is:
Recalling something consciously in a distorted effect
Referencing a secondary source instead of a primary
Recalling something but forgetting where we encountered that thing
Confusing someone for another
35
There is little compelling evidence that mental stress alone causes physical illness
That is correct
Dude, how could you even consider such a proposition?
36
Basic grammatical rules in meaningful sentences are learnt
4-5 years
12 months
12-18 months
2-4 years
37
The hierarchy of language starts with ___ and ends with ___
Morphemes, Phonemes
Babbling, Morphemes
Phonemes, Discourse
Phonemes, Morphemes
38
The word-shape hypothesis states:
Words can be recognised based on their whole/overall shape
All of the above
Words could be interpreted differently according to every individual
Words have a holistic form/envelope
39
Dissociation strategy in managing pain involved:
Distracting oneself from the pain
Accepting the pain and achieving calmness
he fell off a cliff..and died.. The end.
there once was a duck named fred..he couldn't quack..
40
The misinformation effect is:
Information after an event distorting how you remember that event
Deceiving an individual by providing them wrong information
Information before an event distorting how you remember that event
Not understanding what a person actually meant
41
Type C is ____ and type D is _____
Cataclysmic - Donatello
You’re making these 2 categories up right?
Passive and helpless - irritable and anxious
Impatience - Urgency
42
Motoric thought is:
all options
Mental representations of motor movements
That which consists of images we can see or feel
That which expresses a proposition or statement
43
A behavioural program for weight loss starts with a period of self-monitoring
False
True
44
There are 2 interrelated systems that coordinate physiological stress responses:
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Fight and flight
Sympathetic adreno-medullary and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical
SAM and HPA
45
The transactional model of stress states stress is an interaction between organism and environment
False
True
46
What are the types of attention?
all of the options
focussed , divided, vigilance
Vigilance, modality specific and overt
Top down and bottom up
47
Retrograde amnesia is memory loss for events that occur after onset of amnesia:
True
False
48
Noam Chomsky promoted the idea of language being nurture based
True
False
49
Phonological awareness is awareness of the sound structure of one's language
False
True
50
The learning theory of language states:
all options
Language is innate
Language is acquired through reinforcement and punishment
There is a critical period to acquire a language
51
A syllogism is formal statements in deductive reasoning
False
True
52
There are 2 kinds of immune reactions:
Natural and unnatural
Natural and specific
non of the optionznksndnqwnjj/,,.[=
General and specific
53
Which immune reaction is slow and targeted?
Specialised immunity
Non-specific (natural immunity)
Biochemical immunity
Specific immunity
54
1-3 months old infants:
Perception of phonemes narrow to the heard language
Distinguish speech from non speech sounds
Babbling sounds begin
First recognisable words spoken
55
All adult languages have underlying common structural characteristics
True
False
56
There are four properties essential to language:
wubba lubba dub dubbbb
Phonemes, morphemes, word, phrases
Symbols, structure, meaning and generativity
both of the abOvEee
57
The General adaptation syndrome describes the body’s response to a stressor including:
Stop, reflect and adapt
Cope, fight and flight
Stop, drop and roll
Alarm, resistance and exhaustion
58
Remembering the skills to ride a bike is related to:
Explicit memory
none of the options
Procedural memory
Episodic memory
59
A high BMI for women is correlated with a/an _____ in depressive episodes:
Decrease
Increase
60
In a negative event, a pessimist reacts by:
Internal, permanent and pervasive views
Internal, temporary and specific views
External, permanent and pervasive views
External, temporary and specific views
61
Motivational interviewing is:
Involves asking questions about current state, self image and future
An intervention for substance abuse
All options
Allows the person to reach their own conclusions
62
Health enhancing behaviours include:
Safe sex and healthy diet
Smoking and drugs
All options
Over eating
63
Psycholinguistics is:
Understanding linguistics through biological study
Studying psychology in a linguistic fashion
all optionsssnsjwknjkqnjdwnd
The scientific study of psychological aspects of language
64
‘Type A’ personality refers to serenity and lack of time urgency
NO! That’s type B. Type A is competitive and time-urgent
YES!
65
The phases in the transtheoretical model are linear, meaning they must occur in the listed order:
True
False
66
Which of the following is not part of the ‘Transtheoretical model’?
Contemplation
Post-contemplation
Pre-contemplation
Action
67
According to operant conditioning, natural stimuli such as water that an organism naturally finds reinforcing is:
a negative reinforcer
a discriminative reinforcer
a secondary reinforcer
a primary reinforcer
68
Displacement refers to:
How language allows us to speak about abstract things
accidentally teleporting to a galactic dimension
how symbols can be combined to generate infinite messages
Symbols used and their order
69
Surface structure in language is ___ and deep structure is ___
Appearance of language, dissecting language
underlying meaning of combined symbols, Symbols used in order
Symbols used in order, underlying meaning of combined symbols
layout of language, analysing structure of language
70
Concept are:
The most typical and familiar members of a category or class
Both of the above
Mental categories which we place things based on common features
Basic units of semantic memory
71
Prototypes are:
Both of the above
The most typical and familiar members of a category or class
Basic units of semantic memory
Mental categories which we place things based on common features
72
The ‘abstinence violation effect’ is:
Abstaining from violating behaviours
Both of the above
Viewing the lapse as a proof of never able to change
Self-blaming after a lapse
73
The encoding specificity principle states:
Retrieval is the codification of darwinian
none of the options
Specific encoding is crucial to retainment
Context, state and mood influence retrieval of memory
74
Algorithms and heuristics are two broad approaches to solving problems
True
False
75
Daniel has officially quit smoking for a long time. Which stage of the ‘Transtheoretical model’ is this?
Maintenance
Termination
Contemplation
Action
76
The hedonic treadmill refers to:
Seeing ourselves worse off than the standard of comparison
A sense of meaning in life and happiness
Seeing ourselves better of than the standard of comparison
Our capacity to adapt to both good and bad
77
Inductive reasoning potentially leads to ___ and deductive to ___:
Likelihood , certainty
Ducks, duck prison chamber
Knowledge , wisdom
Certainty , likelihood
78
Men’s response is more commonly:
Tend and befriend
There’s no difference between men and women and aliens in this
Fight or flight
e=mccircle - Hitler 1927
79
In a positive event, a pessimist reacts by:
Internal, temporary and specific views
Internal, permanent and pervasive views
External, temporary and specific views
External, permanent and pervasive views
80
Stumbling blocks in reasoning include
Framing; presenting information in different ways
all options
Belief bias; abandoning logic for personal beliefs
Distraction by irrelevant information
81
Benjamin Whorf formed the theory that:
Is known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
All optionzZzZzzZZZZZZZZZzzzZZzzzzz
Language shapes thoughts and emotions
Language determines perception of reality
82
Harm-reduction is an approach taken in behavioural intervention to:
Reduce the behaviour because of its harm
Eliminate the behaviour itself
Remove the behaviour because of its harm
Reduce the harmful effects of a behaviour
83
The contemplation phase is ‘intending to start a new behaviour in the next ___ months:
6
3
12
2
84
There is a positive relationship between physical activity and mental health
False
True
85
Aerobic exercise is sustained activity that raises the heart rate and increases need for oxygen
No, that’s anaerobic!!
Yepp!
86
Explicit memory involves conscious or intentional memory retrieval
False
True
87
Aphasia is an impairment in speech comprehension and production
False
True
88
Acquiring a language post __ leads to difficult fluency, and before __ is most optimal
Age doesn’t matter in language acquisition
3 , 12
13 , 12
12 , 3
89
Bilingualism is:
Learning the usage of colours
The regular use of two languages
Learning linguistics
The regular use of more than two languages
90
Suggestive questioning can distort some children’s memory
True
False
91
Language is:
all of the options
A system of symbols and rules
Awesome!
Combining symbols to generate meaning
92
Obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 35
No dude, it’s above 30
Yes indeed
93
Generativity refers to:
How language allows us to speak about abstract things
defying general gravity
Symbols used and their order
how symbols can be combined to generate infinite messages
94
Bottom up processing is:
Pragmatics; A knowledge of practical aspects of using language
Individual elements analysed and formed into a unified perception
Sensory information interpreted in light of existing knowledge
up bottom processing
95
Inductive reasoning:
Goes from specific to general
Goes from general to specific
Is bottom up reasoning
ducks' reasoning
96
Morphemes are the smallest units of meaning in a language
False
True
97
Personality has an influence on happiness:
False
True
98
Relapse prevention in maintaining a behaviour is:
Is this really a question? Quite clear dude
Designed to reduce the risk of relapse
99
Multimodal treatments refers to:
Changing behaviour through the different modal senses
Combining biological and psychological measures for behaviour change
All optionsszzzsszzz
Modality involvement in nonsensical apparatus
100
Frontal lobes become more active during tasks that place great demands on working memory
True
False