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202 M1,2 Knowledge and Quiz Flashcards | StudBud
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202 M1,2 Knowledge and Quiz
202 M1,2 Knowledge and Quiz
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1
?
Scientific evidence
Clinical/patient circumstances
Patient preferences or values
Clinician's experience and judgment
2
Match each step from research methodology: Takes survey or makes observations about a population
Makes diagnosis
Takes health history
Identifies chief complaint
Determines treatment plan
3
Posttest sensitization is the effect of the pretest on the outcome of the study.
False
True
4
The ratio of "sick" or affected individuals to well individuals
none
Morbidity
Index
Causality
5
A study in which neither the participant nor the researcher knows who is using a product or placebo is termed ________.
Cross-over
Double-blind
Double cross-over
Blind
6
What is a body of techniques that uses observation, reason, and experimentation to further evidence?
Scientific method
Science measurement
Evidence-based method
Retroactive method
7
Which type of approach describes and interprets current events or situations?
Ex post facto
None of these
Descriptive
Case cohort
8
Evidence-Based Practice means ________.
Using known methods and anecdotes
Using known methods with predictable results and scientific method
Using known methods with unpredictable results and scientific method.
Using known methods predictable results, anecdotes, and scientific method.
9
A time series design measures the dependent variable and is done several times over a period of time
True
False
10
Which source provides funding for the educational and research activities of dental hygienists?
Medicaid
ADHA Institute of Oral Health
Local businesses
Chip
11
Why is dental hygiene research important?
To improve the public's oral health
To advance and promote the profession of dental hygiene
To continue advancing practice
All of these
12
Match each step from research methodology: Conducts research
Makes diagnosis
Recalls or reevaluates patient
Initiates treatment intervention
Determines treatment plan
13
The purpose of dental hygiene research is to ________.
Establish scientifically based standard of care for dental hygiene practice
Justify things making sure plaque is removed prior to fluoride application
Establish that anecdotal recommendations are preferred methods of treatment
Prove that all patients are universally the same and need the same universa
14
A relatively low, but constant, level of occurrence of a disease or condition in a population
Etiology
Epidemic
Endemic
none
15
Choose the item that best matches each item: Case study
A survey fits into this approach
A report about a small group of people
A specific incidence of disease in one person
One population group with a common characteristic
16
Choose the item that best matches each item: Descriptive approach
None
A specific incidence of disease in one person
A report about a small group of people
A survey fits into this approach
17
Match each step from research methodology: Conducts literature review
Identifies chief complaint
Determines treatment plan
Takes health history
Makes diagnosis
18
Choose the item that best matches each item: Historical approach
One population group with a common characteristic
A survey fits into this approach
A report about a small group of people
Designed to determine the meaning of past events
19
The study of the amount, distribution, determinants, and control of disease and health conditions among given population
Epidemic
Etiology
Epidemiology
Endemic
20
Evidence-Based Practice means ________.
Using known methods with predictable results and scientific method
Using known methods with unpredictable results and scientific method.
Using known methods with predictable results, anecdotes, and scientific
Using known methods and anecdotes
21
Match each step from research methodology: Conducts literature review
Identifies chief complaint
none
Takes health history
Makes diagnosis
22
Which of the following is NOT part of the Research Methodology Analogy?
Conducts literature review
Obtains informed consent
Takes survey/makes observation about a population
Determines treatment plan
23
Which type of study is an in-depth report on a single person, group, event, or situation?
Case study
Quasi-experimental
Correlational
Experimental
24
Place the Steps of the Scientific Method in the correct order: Step #3
Test hypothesis by doing an experiment or study (with proper controls).
Report results to the scientific community.
Check and interpret results.
Name the problem or question.
25
Observational studies can be conducted to infer causality.
False
True
26
Why is dental hygiene research important?
To improve the public's oral health
To continue advancing practice
To advance and promote the profession of dental hygiene
All of these
27
All of the following is private practice methodology except ________.
Makes diagnosis
Makes observations
Imitates treatment intervention
Identifies chief complain
28
A risk indicator is a modifiable attribute that is known to be associated with a health condition.
True
False
29
Place the Steps of the Scientific Method in the correct order: Step #1
Form educated guess of the cause of the problem and make predictions based
Check and interpret results.
Report results to the scientific community.
Name the problem or question.
30
Match each step from research methodology: Develops research question or hypothesis
Makes health history
Identifies chief complaint
Makes diagnosis
Determines treatment plan
31
Which of the following is NOT part of the Research Methodology Analogy?
Takes survey/makes observation about a population
Conducts literature review
Determines treatment plan
Develops research question or hypothesis
32
Whether a source provides reference citations is a good indicator of which aspect of content analysis?
Quality control
Objectivity
Accuracy
Relevancy
33
Characteristics of an individual or population that may increase the likelihood of experiencing a given health problem
Surveillance
Risk factors
none
Pandemic
34
Which type of research studies the same population over an extended period of time?
Longitudinal study
Both Case control and Longitudinal study
Correlational study
Case control
35
A standardized method used to describe the status of an individual or group with respect to a given condition
none
Morbidity
Causality
Index
36
An investigation that studies the frequency of flossing and periodontal disease is called a ________.
Trend
Correlational study
Case study
Survey
37
Match each step from research methodology: Conducts research
Initiates treatment intervention
Obtains informed consent for treatment
Recalls or reevaluates patient
none
38
Which study approximates the true experimental approach but lacks the control of true experimentation?
Survey
Retroactive
Clinical
Quasi-experimental
39
Which type of study investigates existing differences to determine possible causes?
Experimental
Ex post facto
Quasi-experimental
Correlational
40
Which of the following is true of search engines?
PubMed provides access to scholarly articles in biomedical journals.
Google searches provide only accurate and unbiased sources.
Government agencies and independent organizations cannot be accessed by onl
Wikipedia is search engine devoted to specific professional literature data
41
Match each step from research methodology: Obtains informed consent and research funding
Obtains informed consent for treatment
Makes diagnosis
Determines treatment plan
Initiates treatment intervention
42
Which research approach would involve a study of development of International Federation of Dental Hygienist Association
Descriptive
Historical
Both Case study and Historical
Case study
43
All of the following is private practice methodology except ________.
Identifies chief complain
Makes diagnosis
Makes observations
Imitates treatment intervention
44
The study of the cause(s) of disease
Etiology
none
Epidemiology
Epidemic
45
Which of the following is true regarding the need for evidence-based practice?
Patients less sophisticate about searching Internet for health information.
Clinicians are consistently knowledgeable about new therapies.
The rate of published research increases yearly.
The gap in knowledge of up-to-date care narrows the longer that clinicians
46
In which step in the systematic approach evidence-based dental hygiene practice would you evaluate validity of a study?
Evaluate patient outcomes.
Apply evidence.
Develop a researchable question.
Analyze evidence.
47
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Name the problem or question
Conduct the research
Perform an experiment
Form an educated guess (hypothesis)
48
If dental hygiene is to evolve as a specific scientific discipline, ________.
A research base solely generated by the profession must be established
We must compile information from many disciplines and adapt it for a comple
Focus must be placed on being a field of study with a discipline interest
We must ensure that all dental hygienists lobby for higher pay and more job
49
Risk marker is attribute that is associate with the increase probability of disease but isnot considere have causal role
False
True
50
Which type of publication is good as a background resource but becomes outdated quickly?
Professional journal
Peer-reviewed publication
Textbook
Magazine
51
The prevention agenda for the United States is discussed in which publication?
Global Oral Data BankPrevention USA
Healthy People 2010
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Prevention USA
52
Place the Steps of the Scientific Method in the correct order: Step #5
Test hypothesis by doing an experiment or study (with proper controls).
Name the problem or question.
Check and interpret results.
Report results to the scientific community.
53
The “I” in the acronym PICO (which indicates key parts of a researchable question) stands for which of the following?
Intervention
Internet
Instinct
Institution
54
Match each step from research methodology: Writes research proposal
Determines treatment plan
none
Makes diagnosis
Takes health history
55
?
Determine the clinical issue.
Evaluate outcomes.
Apply evidence.
Conduct a search for evidence.
56
A numerical expression of the number of all existing cases of a disease or condition measured at a given period of time
Morbidity
none
Index
Prevalence
57
Who is the founder of dental hygiene?
Jack Orio
Irene Newman
Alfred Fones
Christine Nathe
58
Which of the following is not considered an accurate database for locating biomedical information? Medline
Medline
ADA's EBD website
Cochrane Library
Wikipedia
59
Which is NOT an attribute of Scholarly Identity?
Gives little regard to work of other dental hygiene scholar and disciplines
Has a sense of dental hygiene discipline as a whole
Disseminates the findings of one's work through scientific publication
Uses evidence to support one's viewpoint
60
If dental hygiene is to evolve as a specific scientific discipline, ________.
We must compile information from many disciplines and adapt it for a comple
Focus must be placed on being a field of study with a discipline interest
A research base solely generated by the profession must be established
We must ensure that all dental hygienists lobby for higher pay and more job
61
Which one of the following online resources is not considered valid and reliable?
Online professional journals
Government-published guidelines
Dental hygiene comments on blogs
Educational websites
62
The theory that a disease can be attributed to many factors is termed ____
Dimensional
Naturalization
Multifactorial
Cause-and-effect
63
Often called an "outbreak" of disease
Epidemic
Epidemiology
Etiology
none
64
?
Comparison
Outcome
Patient problem or population
Intervention
65
These are often "adjusted" to make valid comparisons and detect trends
Disease rates
none
Validity
Reliability
66
What is the first step in the systematic approach to evidence-based dental hygiene practice?
Apply evidence.
Determine the clinical issue.
Evaluate patient outcomes.
Develop a researchable question.
67
The attempt to identify and describe the topic being researched is ________.
Analytic
Descriptive
Subjective
Objective
68
Match each step from research methodology: Obtains informed consent and research funding
Obtains informed consent for treatment
Makes diagnosis
Determines treatment plan
akes health history
69
The number of new cases of a disease or condition over a given period of time
none
Incidence
Risk factors
Mortality
70
A factorial design is used to study two or more independent variables.
False
True
71
Which of the following describes the quantitative research approach?
Data can be counted and analyzed by descriptive or inferential statistics.
The results are reported using a narrative.
It is subjective.
It uses numbers only to report demographic information.
72
The ratio of the number of deaths from a given disease or condition
none
Risk factors
Mortality
Incidence
73
Match each step from research methodology: Analyzes and publishes research results
Makes diagnosis
Recalls or reevaluates patient
Initiates treatment intervention
Determines treatment plan
74
Evidence-based practice takes into account which preferences?
Patient
Experimental approaches
Nonclinical
Local government
75
Which approach measures the relationship between variables?
Ex post facto
Correlational
Case control
Experimental
76
Which type of research looks at the relationship between two or more variables?
Quasi-experimental
Correlational
Experimental
Descriptive
77
Degree to which research study measured what it was supposed to measure and can be generalized to the entire population
Reliability
Causality
none
Validity
78
What is a body of techniques that uses observation, reason, and experimentation to further evidence?
Evidence-based method
Science measurement
Scientific method
Retroactive method
79
Place the Steps of the Scientific Method in the correct order: Step #2
Name the problem or question.
Test hypothesis by doing an experiment or study (with proper controls).
Report results to the scientific community.
Form an educated guess(hypo) of cause of problem and make predictions based
80
Consistency of a measure to present the same result when it is repeated
Reliability
Validity
none
Disease rates
81
Place the Steps of the Scientific Method in the correct order: Step #4
Test hypothesis by doing an experiment or study (with proper controls).
Name the problem or question.
Check and interpret results.
Report results to the scientific community.
82
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Conduct the research
Perform an experiment
Name the problem or question
Form an educated guess (hypothesis)
83
Match each step from research methodology: Develops research question or hypothesis
Makes diagnosis
Identifies chief complaint
Takes health history
Determines treatment plan
84
Match each step from research methodology: Takes survey or makes observations about a population
Makes diagnosis
Determines treatment plan
Identifies chief complaint
Takes health history
85
Match each step from research methodology: Analyzes and publishes research results
Obtains informed consent for treatment
none
Recalls or reevaluates patient
Initiates treatment intervention
86
A Particular exposure results in a particular outcome
none
Morbidity
Validity
Causality
87
Methods or systems used to monitor disease and morbidity in a population
none
Pandemic
Surveillance
Risk factors
88
Match each step from research methodology: Writes research proposal.
Takes health history
Identifies chief complaint
Determines treatment plan
Makes diagnosis
89
The purpose of dental hygiene research is to ________.
Establish that anecdotal recommendations are preferred methods of treatment
Establish scientifically based standard of care for dental hygiene practice
Prove that all patients are universally the same and need the same universa
Justify thing like making sure plaque is removed prior fluoride application
90
Which of the following is NOT part of the Research Methodology Analogy?
Determines treatment plan
Takes survey/makes observation about a population
Conducts literature review
Develops research question or hypothesis
91
Widespread outbreaks of a disease or condition across a region
Pandemic
Risk factors
none
Surveillance
92
A study that uses questionnaires, opinionnaires, interviews, and indexes is called a ________.
Quasi-experimental
Developmental
Document analysis
Survey
93
Choose the item that best matches each item: Case report
A report about a small group of people
A specific incidence of disease in one person
One population group with a common characteristic
A survey fits into this approach
94
What publication is a compilation of cogent issues currently studied?
Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Report
Healthy People 2000
Healthy People 2010
Call to Action
95
question
Correlational
Experimental
Case study
Case control
96
Stratifying a sample would define information such as age, gender, sex, income level, or educational levels.
False
True
97
Which is NOT an attribute of Scholarly Identity?
Uses evidence to support one's viewpoint
Disseminates the findings of one's work through scientific publication
Gives little regard to work of other dental hygiene scholar and disciplines
Has a sense of dental hygiene discipline as a whole
98
Validity is the ability to measure what was ____
NONE
INTENDED
HONEST
UNINTENDED
99
Which approach studies the meaning of past events?
Case control
Descriptive
Historical
Case study
100
Choose the item that best matches each item: Cohort
A survey fits into this approach
One population group with a common characteristic
A specific incidence of disease in one person
A report about a small group of people
