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E&CSM - Module 2, 2020 Flashcards | StudBud
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E&CSM - Module 2, 2020
E&CSM - Module 2, 2020
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Evidence and Crime Scene Management Summer 2019-2020
Flashcards
70 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
70
Answers
1
Scene Recording begins with the inner perimeter & expands outwards
False
True
2
How many
bits
is the minimum requirement to a produce continuous tone image?
256 bit
12 bit
2 bit
8 bit
3
The aperture (ƒ/stop) controls which two of the following
camera speed
exposure (light intensity)
direction of light
depth of field
4
TIFF files can be lossy or non-lossy
True
False
5
ƒ/stop of 128 allows less light into the camera, resulting in a greater depth of field
False
True
6
Av (aperture priority) selection requires 1 manual and 1 automatic selection. Which two of the following?
automatic selection of ƒ/stop by cameras TTL
manual selection of shutter speed for subject movement requirements
manual selection of ƒ/stop for depth of field requirements
automatic selection of shutter speed by cameras TTL
7
↑ film speed = ↑ noise & ↓ resolution
False
True
8
What is incorrect about shutter speeds?
shutter speed is the duration of time the shutter is open
camera shutters allow light to enter the camera
are always automatically selected
shutter speeds control exposure & subject movement
9
Which is NOT a shutter speed objective?
correct exposure
freeze subject action
avoid camera shakiness
correct intensity
10
RAW images cannot be processed into JPEG images
False
True
11
Forensic Photographs preserve physical evidence
True
False
12
The aperture & ƒ/stops operate which function?
the size of the opening into the camera
the zoom function
the amount of time the aperture stops
the direction of light produced
13
Evidence in situ does NOT involve
close-up
establishing photograph
mid-range photograph
linear photograph
14
DNG images
are a digital negative
all of the above
only used for archiving
are a common file format for cameras
15
The Scene Condition involves anything of interest
True
False
16
Under-exposed images show a spilling over on the right hand side of a histogram
False
True
17
Manual mode includes all of the following EXCEPT
Required when Electronic flash mode used
Further programs available
Both f/stop & shutter speeds are selected manually
Light readings taken externally from camera system
18
Correct Exposure to images is shown by an even distribution across the histogram
False
True
19
Decreasing the aperture opening increases the overall sharpness of the image
False
True
20
Forensic Photography captures evidence not normally seen.
True
False
21
RAW images
provides the highest quality, especially tonal range
contains all recorded information & are very large file sizes
are a digital negative
are unprocessed & requires processing using editing software
22
Crime Scene Photographs produce a record of the scene and evidence
False
True
23
TIFF images
are small files and unprocessed images
all of the above
is used to archive RAW files
offers excellent quality from processed RAW files
24
As the shutter speed number rises, the length of exposure increases
True
False
25
Which is incorrect about histograms?
each pixel is plotted on the graph
over and under exposure can eb determined
brightness histograms assess exposure
changes to exposure can be done here
26
Standard shutter speeds are expressed in which fractions of a second?
1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, etc
1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60, 125, etc
1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, etc
1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, etc
27
How many RGB pixels are in an 8 bit image?
256 million
61 million
160 million
16 million
28
ƒ/stop of 1 allows more light into the camera, resulting in a lessened depth of field
True
False
29
Exposure is determined by the equation E = I x T (Exposure = Intensity x Time)
True
False
30
Variation of the aperture size changes the level of light intensity
False
True
31
Standard ƒ/stop values are which of the following?
1, 1.6, 2, 3.2, 4, 6.4, 8, 12. 8, 16, etc
1, 1.8, 2, 3.6, 4, 7.2, 8, 14.4, 16, etc
1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, etc
1, 1.2, 2, 2.4, 4, 4.8, 8, 9.6, 16, etc
32
Photographing an image with light placed behind the object & the linear scale is called...
Bright Background Illumination
Bright Pane Illumination
Bright Sheet Illumination
Bright Field Illumination
33
There are
only
4 file formats for images.
True
False
34
Quatering is done to show the same object from 4 different perspectives
False
True
35
Which factor influences image exposure?
all of the above
ƒ/stop
shutter speed
film speed
36
RAW files
can
be processed into JPEG, TIFF or DNG files
True
False
37
What is the name given to photographing the room in each corner of the room?
Cutting
Cornering
Rotating
Quatering
38
Crime Scene Photography...
brings the scene to the court
produces a visual narrative of the scene
all of the above
is all that remains after cleaning the scene
39
JPEG images are only saved as 8 bit images
True
False
40
DNG files can be processed into TIFF files
False
True
41
Which is not correct? Forensic Photographs..
are used for further examination
assist with interpretation of evidence
are rigid, detailed & technical
provide a visual narrative
42
What is involved in creating a visual narrative?
Evidence in situ, Scene Maintenance & Scene Condition
Scene Recording, Scene Decoding, & Evidence in situ
Scene Decoding, Evidence in situ, & Scene Condition
Scene Recording, Scene Condition, & Evidence in situ
43
How many types of photographic evidence are there?
3
2
1
4
44
What do you call the measurement for White Balance?
Kelvin/s
Kelven/s
Kevin/s
Kalvin/s
45
Digital images are made up of millions of small picture elements called pixels
True
False
46
The ƒ in ƒ/stops stands for
lens facing length
lens focal length
lens full length
lens facial length
47
Shutter speeds of 60 or 125 can prevent shakiness when camera is handheld
True
False
48
Photoshop records the history of image being processed
False
True
49
Digital Rangefinders
include many professional features
have interchangeable lenses
all of the above
are simple to use & portable
50
Constant compression increases image quality
True
False
51
An L shaped linear scale, used for footprints, is called a Bureau Scale
True
False
52
Scene Condition involves...
forced entry
if doors are closed or open
security devices
point of entry & exit
53
JPEG images
provides smaller file sizes
compresses files by removing unused information
all of the above
is a common file format for digital cameras
54
TIFF files came a similar compression rate to JPEG files
True
False
55
Forensic photography...
is used in evidential analysis
incorporates optical enhancement of physical evidence
all of the above
maintains image integrity & representation of scale
56
Digital SLR's only have automatic focusing
True
False
57
Digital SLR's
have interchangeable lenses
require more skill to use
are a professional camera
all of the above
58
Scene Recording does NOT involve...
location indicators
security devices
inner perimeter
outer perimeter
59
Programme mode includes all of the following EXCEPT
Light measures from cameras TTL (through the lens) metering
Camera selects both f/stop & shutter speeds automatically
Used for hand held operations
Further programs available (I.e. sport)
60
Important parameters of Forensic Photography include
maintaining image integrity
correct representation fo scale
all of the above
photographic evaluation of scene
61
JPEG files
can
be converted into RAW, TIFF or DNG files
False
True
62
DNG files are used to archive RAW files in a generic & long-lived digital format
True
False
63
Depth of Field is
controlled by the ƒ/stop selection
all of the above
the zone of sharp focus within object space
greatest when the aperture is larger
64
Which is incorrect about linear scales?
there are many types
must always indicate north
must be level & in line with object
must be appropriate for use
65
Tv (shutter priority) selection requires 1 manual and 1 automatic selection. Which two of the following?
automatic selection of shutter speed by cameras TTL
manual selection of shutter speed for subject movement requirements
automatic selection of ƒ/stop by cameras TTL
manual selection of ƒ/stop for depth of field requirements
66
Which cameras are appropriate for use at crime scenes?
Compact Rangefinder & Digital SLR
Compact Digital & Digital SLR
Digital Rangefinder & Compact SLR
Digital Rangefinder & Digital SLR
67
Over-exposed images show a spilling over on the right hand side of a histogram
True
False
68
RAW images can be 8, 12, 14, or even 16 bit
False
True
69
n = ƒ/d
is the formula used to determine which ƒ/stop to select
False
True
70
Camera modes include M (manual), Av (aperture priority), Tv (shutter speed), P (programme)
False
True
