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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
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NC Final Exam Review
Flashcards
80 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
The place where an earthquake originates is called the
Focus
Trench
Boundary
Epicenter
2
How does a STRAIGHT alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
Neap Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: greatest change in high and low tides.
Spring Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: greatest change in high and low tides
3
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? (Poles=Cold, Equator=Warm)
tidal patterns
rising sea levels
a constant sea level
ocean currents
4
The picture below shows a _________ fault?
Transform
Reverse
Block
Normal
5
Which agent of erosion leads to the destruction AND formation of sand dunes?
gravity
ice
wind
water
6
The theory that our universe was created when all matter&energy was sent out from one point is
String Theory
Quantum Physics
Big Bang Theory
Theory of relativity
7
What is the source of energy for the sun?
burning of solar gasses
hydrogen fusion
nuclear fission of metals
internal combustion
8
What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse?
It reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse.
It allows short waves in, but the long waves can't escapes.
It allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and escape.
It allows long waves to enter, but shortwaves can't escape.
9
The most destructive aspect of submarine (underwater) earthquakes is the production of :
hotspots
new crust
tsunamis
ridges
10
Scientists can use the time differences between P-waves and S-waves to determine the following:
the epicenter of an earthquake
the magnitude of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
the intensity of an earthquake
11
Identify
one
process that causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain
Compression
Rising Air
Sinking Air
Warming
12
Which type of renewable energy would work best on NC's coast?
solar
biofuel
wind
hydroelectric
13
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
Increases rates of precip. as cold water moves up the coast
They move warm H2O & nutrients to the surface along coasts.
They balance air temperatures along coastal regions.
14
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
argon (Ar)
oxygen (O2)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
nitrogen (N2)
15
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have ondrinkable water?
May cause a decrease in the amount of waste & pollutants.
May cause an increase in amount of H2O available for humans.
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
16
Use the diagram to answer the question
P waves travel through liquids only
S waves cannot travel through liquid
P waves can't travel through solids
S waves travel through solids and liquids
17
Our solar system is considered to be
planetocentric (planet in the center)
heliocentric (sun in the center)
socially awkward like Mrs. G
one of the biggest in the universe
18
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily caused by
Earth’s revolution around the Sun
the gravitational pull between the Moon, Sun, and Earth
seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
Earth's tilt relative to the sun
19
Which is an example of point source pollution?
polluted runoff
land development
acid rain
factory smokestack
20
Which is a major source of AIR pollution created by humans?
hydroelectric plants
nuclear power plants
industrial power plants
reforestation
21
Why does the moon have a greater effect on the tides than the sun?
the moon is solid while the sun is gaseous
The moon is larger than the sun
The moon is closer than the sun to the Earth
The moon rotates more quickly than the sun
22
The observation that waves lengthen as objects move away and shorten as they approach is called
Kepler's Laws
Copernicus Effect
Doppler Effect
Hubble's Law
23
The formula MASS divided by VOLUME gives
Gradient
Density
Specific Gravity
Rate
24
Which of the following systems purifies the water you drink?
nuclear water treatment
drinking water treatment
rainwater treatment
wastewater treatment
25
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer heat
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer theheat
as electromagnetic waves through radiation
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
26
Carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming because they are excellent absorbers of
CFCs
infrared radiation (heat)
gamma rays
visible light
27
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact the LITHOSPHERE?
increasing transpiration
decreasing oxygen production
increasing soil formation
increasing erosion
28
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
aerosols
vehicle exhaust
burning compost
coal-fired power plants
29
How would you describe the shape of Earth's planetary orbit?
random revolution
elliptical
oblate
spheriod
30
Earth’s outer core and inner core are both inferred to be
solid
the same temperature
liquid
composed of a high percentage of iron and nickle
31
What is the zero degree longitude line that runs through Greenwich, England?
Longitudinal Maximum
Great Circle
Prime Meridian
Equator
32
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
density differences in the troposphere
solidification in the lithosphere
convection currents in the asthenosphere
33
What causes the Earth to have seasons?
the tilt of Earth’s axis
the rotation of Earth on its axis
the barycenter of the Sun
nutation
34
What are humans most directly impacting when they kill off a species of plant or animal?
rates of weathering
speciation
greenhouse effect
biodiversity
35
The photo below demonstrates the "wobbling" of earth's axis during rotation and is known as
rotation
precession
barycenter
nutation
36
Which fuel source can be used to live more sustainably?
natural gas
biofuels
coal
oil
37
What surface feature is NOT formed at an oceanic-oceanic CONVERGENT boundary?
volcanic island arc
trench
volcanoes
mid-ocean ridge
38
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
mid-ocean ridge, due to uplift and separation of two plates
continent volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
39
Which diagram represents a divergent boundary?
A
C
D
B
40
Energy is produced within a star’s core by the process of
Nuclear Fusion
Conduction
Radioactive decay
Insolation
41
Which is the best example of human impacts on the biosphere?
deforestation
hunting
protecting endangered species
air pollution
42
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling barometric pressure?
Temperature is increasing.
Humidity is decreasing.
A storm is approaching.
Skies are clearing.
43
The most destructive aspect of submarine earthquakes is the production of :
hotspots
ridges
new crust
tsunamis
44
How can water be an agent for physical/mechanical weathering? (remember mechanics use tools)
by seeping into soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
absorbing gases in the air resulting in a chemical reaction
seeping into cracks of rocks: freeze, expand, break the rock
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
45
digging a well along a coastal area will likely result in what?
the destruction of estuaries due to increases in sea level
saltwater intrusion into aquifers
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
the loss of water resources in estuaries
46
Which part of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
UV
Radio
Infrared
X-rays
47
Which variable could be changed by the experimenter?
constant variable
independent variable
control variable
dependent variable
48
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
magma
lava
rock
volcanic ash
49
The sun's surface is almost 6000 degrees K. Cool areas on the surface are known as
solar flares
convection zones
sunspots
prominences
50
Which part of Earth’s interior has convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
asthenosphere
outer core
inner core
rigid mantle
51
What is the approximate rate of Earth’s rotation?
1 rotation/day
1 rotation/month
1 rotation/year
1 rotation/hour
52
This illustrates the change in DIRECTION of Earth's tilt every 26,000-27,000 years, known as
precession
nutation
radiation
barycenter
53
Put the following in order - from largest to smallest
Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon
Earth, Milky Way galaxy, solar system, universe, Moon
Moon, Earth, sun, solar system, milky way galaxy, universe
Milky Way galaxy, solar system, Earth, universe, Moon
54
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
Its winter in the southern hemi due to the Earth’s tilt.
It's winter in the southern hemi due to nutation
It is winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's rotation .
It's winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's revolution
55
On a topographic map, lines spaced far apart indicate
steep slopes
gentle slopes
shallow rivers
water
56
The sun is in what stage of its life cycle?
red giant
white dwarf
protostar
main sequence star
57
A local government is considering building a dam. Which is an advantage of building a dam?
Lower air pollution
It is cheap, and reliable
it can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
It can reduce erosion
58
The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one of
Earth's revolution
the Moon's revolution
Sun's rotation
Earth's rotation
59
Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?
Spring and Fall
Tides
A year
Days and nights
60
What chemical has slowly depleted the Ozone layer of the years?
Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs)
Greenhouse Gases
Monoflourocarbons (MFCs)
industrial runoff into a stream
61
Which can help reduce human impacts on the atmosphere?
burning fossils fuels
traditional farming
using pesticides
sustainable farming
62
The layer with the highest amount of Humus (organic material) is known as layer
B
O
C
A
63
In North Carolina, summer is warmer than winter because in summer North Carolina has
more hours of daylight and receives high angle insolation
more hours of daylight andreceives low-angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives low angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives high angle insolation
64
The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion by converting:
Oxygen nuclei into carbon dioxide
Oxygen nuclei into nitrogen
helium nuclei into hydrogen nuclei
hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus
65
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
recycling bottled-water containers
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
building artificial levees
reducing water consumption
66
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?
mid-ocean ridge
a subduction trench
continental shelf
abyssal plain
67
What is the approximate location of point A?
21oS, 65oE
21oS, 65oW
21oN, 65oW
21oN, 65oE
68
The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the ____________.
shape of Earth's orbit relative to the sun
Speed of Earth's revolution
tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun
speed of Earth's rotation
69
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
Earth revolves around the sun every 30 days
Earth revolves around the sun every 24 hours
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun .
Earth's velocity increases the closer it is to the sun
70
Which describes a disadvantage to adding large quantities of sand to stabilize the shoreline.
It causes inland erosion.
It creates a barrier preventing tides along coastlines.
It is a short-term solution.
It creates a wall disrupting the vegetation along coasts.
71
Which type of nuclear reaction is used by the Sun?
nuclear cessation
nuclear fusion
nuclear disaster
nuclear fission
72
On a topographic map, _____ is measured as the distance above or below sea level
elevation
contour interval
topography
relief
73
__________ is evidence of Seafloor Spreading, while Seafloor Spreading is evidence of ________.
Magnetic Reversal / Reverse Polarity
Plate Tectonics / Reverse Polarity
Reverse Polarity / Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
Continental Drift / Plate Tectonics and Reverse Polarity
74
Earth moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun & slowest when farther away is explained by
Hubble's Law
Galileo's Laws
Copernicus' Laws
Kepler's Laws
75
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
thermosphere
mesosphere
troposphere
stratosphere
76
Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?
the Moon revolves around the Earth once a month
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
the Moon revolves around the Sun once a month
The moon does not rotate on its axis
77
This is formed when impermeable rock forces groundwater to move up and flow onto the surface?
a geyser
an aquifer
a spring
a well
78
Which events are most closely associated with mountains and volcanoes?
tsunamis
acid rain
geysers
earthquakes
79
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface ofEarth?
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
80
Which of these is likely to occur after moist air is cooled below its dew point?
Wind Forms
Ice Melts
Evaporation Increases
Water Condenses