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Evolution
Evolution
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An #evolution quiz to review the main ideas
Flashcards
30 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
30
Answers
1
Biologists during Darwin's time suspected living things change. What did Darwin contribute?
explained changes and supported ideas with evidence.
made guesses and wrote experiments to test his guess.
found fossils that showed change could not possibly happen.
he was the only person to see this.
2
Darwin's theory of natural selection says individuals who survive are those who have
the greatest number of offspring.
characteristics that plant and animal breeders value.
variations best suited to environmental conditions.
characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse.
3
The genes carried by all members of a population make up the population's:
phenotype
gene pool
genotype
allele frequency
4
The species of finches Darwin found on different Galapagos Islands varied how?
number of eggs in a clutch.
different shaped beaks.
similarities in embryos.
length of bird's necks.
5
The principle of common descent helps explain why:
tigers are so different from cheetahs.
birds and reptiles share a many inherited characteristics.
conditions in an organisms environment ensures the survival.
well adapted species have many offspring
6
A single gene trait with 2 alleles showing simple dominance will result in:
millions of phenotypes
four phenotypes
two phenotypes
one phenotype
7
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in it's specific environment is called:
evolution
fitness
diversity
adaptation
8
James Hutton and Charles Lyell's work suggests
All fossils were formed in the last 1000 years.
Earth is several thousand years old.
All rocks on earth contain fossils.
Earth is several million years old.
9
A polygenic trait can have
fewer phenotypes
many possible genotypes, but few possible phenotypes
fewer genotypes than most single gene traits.
many possible genotypes, producing many possible phenotypes
10
The number & location of bones of many fossil vertebrates are similar to living ones, supports
inheritance of acquired traits
Larmarck's tendance toward perfection
analogous structures
common descent
11
Darwin's observations that finches of different species have many similar characteristics shows
finches all eat the same type of food.
finches acquired traits through use and disuse.
finches have the ability to interbreed.
finches descended from a common ancestor.
12
According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, individuals survive due to the
lack of competition within a species.
possession of adaptations developed through use.
choices made by plant and animal breeders.
possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.
13
The genetic recombination that occurs as part of sexual reproduction
changes the gene pool's allele frequencies
keeps the phenotypes consistent
is cause by radiation or chemicals
does not change the gene pool's allele frequencies
14
The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that:
without checks on population human populations would starve
The majority of a species offspring die
in human populations, people die faster than babies are born
in the 1700's England needed more housing
15
Which of the following do biologists consider a random change?
directional selection
speciation
genetic drift
disruptive selection
16
When a dairy farmer chooses to breed cows that give the most milk, he is following:
natural selection
artificial selection.
acquired characteristics.
descent with modification.
17
Darwin noticed that organisms were well suited to
surviving the environment in which they lived.
being preserved as fossils.
providing humans with food.
swimming from South America to the Galapa
18
Each of these is a condition necessary for natural selection to occur EXCEPT:
there is heritable variation among members of the population
fitness varies among individuals.
population size is very large.
more offspring are born than can survive
19
Darwin realized that Malthus's ideas could be:
generalized only if populations lived in crowded conditions.
applied only to humans.
explain why the number of deaths exceeded births.
generalized to any population of organism.
20
In humans, the pelvis and femur are involved in walking. In whales they are examples of:
natural variation
vestigial structures
fossils
acquired traits
21
Modern sea star larvae share characteristics with primitive vertebrate larvae. This suggests:
they share a common ancestor
the vertebrate evolved before sea stars
they belong to the same species.
the vertebrate evolved from sea stars
22
Natural Selection acts directly on:
phenotypes
alleles
genes
mutations
23
Which of these phrases best describes the results of natural selection?
changes in the characteristics of a population over time.
the natural variation found in all populations.
unrelated species living in different locations.
the struggle for existence undergone by all living things.
24
A mutation creates a new skin color in lizards. What will determine the allele's frequency?
whether the mutation was cause by nature or man.
whether the mutation makes some lizards more fit than others
how many other alleles are present
how many phenotypes the population has
25
A factor that is necessary for the formation of a new species is:
geographic barriers
reproductive isolation
reproduction at different times
different mating behaviors
26
Darwin first began to formulate his concept of evolution by natural selection after:
observing patterns of geographical locations of species.
experimenting with animals.
reading the writings of Wallace.
agreeing with Lamarck about use and disuse driving change.
27
A change in the genetic material of a cell is called a:
single gene trait
recombination
polygenic trait
mutation
28
Similar patterns of embryo development in different but related organisms are responsible for:
homologous structures
analogous structures
intermediate fossil forms
Hox genes
29
One similarity between natural selection and genetic drift is:
both are based completely on chance.
both begin with one or more mutations.
both involve a change in a population's allele frequency.
both take place only in very small groups.
30
Based on the adaptations Darwin observed in finches and tortoises he wondered
finches and tortoises had come from the same ancestor
were all birds on each island finches
were species on different islands once from the same species
why all tortoises were identical
