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Duplicate of Ap World History Mid Term Review
Duplicate of Ap World History Mid Term Review
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AP World 1st Semester
Flashcards
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Answers
1
Mansa Kankan Musa made a famous pilgrimage that
demonstrated the enormous wealth of his country.
led to the Christian Crusades.
was inspired by the death of Muhammad.
spread Christianity to West Africa.
2
Crucial to Egypt's agriculture was
a complex system of aqueducts
proximity to the Nile River
favor of the gods
regular rainfall south of the delta
3
The subsequent split of supporters to different caliphs, or successors, divided the umma into
Sunnis and Sufis.
Mobad and Quran.
Shi'ites and Sunnis.
Shi'a and Mobad.
4
The emperor Yongle improved the imperial complex built by the Mongols called the
Dragon's Court.
Heavenly Gates.
Forbidden City.
Imperial House.
5
Two indigenous Chinese philosophies that emerged from the Warring States Period are
Confucianism and Buddhism.
Confucianism and Hinduism.
Confucianism and Jainism.
Confucianism and Daoism.
6
The Phoenicians developed a system of writing based on
pictograms, which were similar to Chinese writing.
later Egyptian hieroglyphics.
an alphabet, in which each symbol represented a sound.
Mesopotamian cuneiform.
7
Which Roman emperor ushered in tolerance acceptance & eventual dominance of Christianity?
Constantine
Brucellosis
Tiberius
Diocletian
8
Mecca is an important city because it.
has an unusually cold climate for the Arabian peninsula.
is the rival city to Jerusalem.
is a caravan city and pilgrimage site of the Ka'bba.
is abundantly watered and needs no irrigation for crops.
9
The largest, most technologically advanced ship in the Indian Ocean was the Chinese
galley.
dhow.
skow.
junk.
10
Llamas and alpacas were valued by the Incas for
food.
all of the these.
wool.
transportation.
11
The greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the Early Middle Ages were
Vikings.
Celts.
Mongols.
Ostrogoths.
12
The term Hellenistic Age refers to the
Greek influence over nonGreek ppl in N Africa and W Asia
influence of Asian culture on Greece.
Macedonian Empire during Alexander's reign.
peaceful period within Greece itself.
13
During the Song period, women experienced subordination and social restriction, epitomized by
footbinding.
widow-burning.
veiling.
a decrease in voting rights.
14
Greece was organized into city-states called
satrapies.
nomes.
shires.
poleis.
15
The critical cause of the scientific revolution was:
challenge 2 prevailing conception of universe by Aristotle
reintroduction of ancient writings of Greek & Roman science
disc.of New World by explorer convince earlier ideas wereINC
rejection of rel. authority by ppl weary of Catholic corrupt
16
The Treaty of Verdun resulted in
division of Holy Roman Empire among Charlemagne's grandsons
a reconciliation between Orthodox and Cath. Christian sects
an end 2 hostilities between Muslims and Christians in Spain
the declaration of Roman Christianity 4 Charlemagnes kingdom
17
A fief was
a small, nonhereditary manor.
any small and independent kingdom.
any estate governed by a hereditary lord.
a grant of land exchanged for military service.
18
The first Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with
panic and fear.
open arms.
insulting laughter.
awe.
19
The political organization of the Celts was
none- each Celtic group was regional and followed no 1 ruler
a centralized authoritarian structure in Germany.
an organized hierarchy based on clans throughout Europe
subordinated to Roman authority.
20
Agriculture in Mesopotamia depended on
large numbers of animals for fertilizer
the region's high annual rainfall
the introduction of wheat crops
artificial canals and irrigation.
21
Why was becoming Christian considered an act of disloyalty in the Roman Empire?
Christian theology req'd all ppl live in a Christian utopia
Christians could not worship the emperor as a deity.
Rome required all citizens to learn about world religions
Rome had a strong monotheistic tradition.
22
The rainy and dry seasons in the Indian Ocean reflect the influence of
the Gulf Stream.
the jet stream.
El Nino.
the monsoons.
23
The Great Western Schism originated over
the nationality of the pope.
whether or not women could be priests.
whether or not priests could be married.
where the seat of Catholicism should B Rome / Constantinople
24
To facilitate communication and trade between northern and southern China, the Sui built the
Yangtze River Highway.
Great Wall.
Grand Canal.
Trans China Relay System.
25
One of the most sacred places for pilgrimage in Hinduism is
Shiva's temple in Bengal
the Deccan plain.
the Khyber pass
the Ganges River.
26
Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca Empire with
1,800 men.
180 men.
18,000 men.
180,000 men.
27
The greatest change caused by the gradual adoption of agriculture was
a major die-off of wild species.
a global population increase.
major migrations to the temperate zones.
a global population decrease
28
Christopher Columbus was from
Portugal.
Genoa.
Spain.
Sicily.
29
A significant difference in Roman expansion versus Greek was that Romans:
did not have a standardized language.
conquered only to obtain slaves.
extended some citizenship to most conquered populations
did not impose taxes.
30
What is meant by the "balance of power" in early modern Europe?
Which country had accumulated the most overseas colonies
Promise by European states 2 not war w/other Christan nation
Form alliance w/other state 2ensure that no1 Bcame 2powerful
a dependence on naval forces 2 create the strongest military
31
The first Mongol conquests under Genghis Khan were in
China.
Central Asia, the Middle East, and Russia.
Japan and Korea.
Egypt.
32
The movement that began with the rejection of the pope's authority was the
Orthodox Reformation.
Catholic Reformation.
Protestant Reformation.
Peasant Movement.
33
Columbus insisted that he had reached
the Indian Ocean.
the West Indies.
China.
the New World.
34
Martin Luther insisted that the only way to salvation was through
religious faith.
loyalty to the Vatican.
relying on "good works."
paying money to the church.
35
The term investiture controversy refers to the
conflict over choosing new popes.
debate over how to invest church funds.
struggle for control of ecclesiastical appointments.
amount of power local priests were allowed.
36
The Aztecs formed their empire by
peacefully coexisting on the basis of mutual interests.
marry into neighboring tribes 2 create a homogeneous society
ruthlessly conquering other peoples.
negotiating to divide desired geographic areas.
37
The ultimate spiritual reward in Buddhism is
nirvana.
material wealth.
union with the ancestors.
everlasting life in heaven.
38
The wars and devastation of the early modern era in Europe resulted in
abused his or her power, the people had a duty to rebel.
was elected by the people, he could rule forever.
ruled absolutely without controls, harmony would ensue.
fed the people, the people should be loyal.
39
Agricultural workers who belonged to the manor and were obligated to the lord were
satraps.
bailiffs.
serfs.
mobads.
40
Which animal was most important to Saharan transportation?
Cows
Donkeys
Camels
Horses
41
The reincarnation of the atman into a given class depends on
place within the caste system.
karma or deeds in life.
physical strength.
economic standing in society.
42
The main reason for the decline of the Roman Republic was
military leaders w/armies loyal 2 them rather than the state
an impoverished population.
ongoing wars in trying to expand to an empire.
political decentralization.
43
Most sub-Saharan languages come from one large linguistic family, called
Swahili.
Sudanese-Zulu.
Semitic.
Bantu.
44
What changes transformed later medieval military technology?
Universal male conscription and the invention of the mace
An organization of knights into armies&primitive bio warfare
The catapult
Firearms and crossbows with metal-tipped arrows
45
The Chinese political system that relied primarily on strict laws and punishments
Confucianism.
Moism.
Daoism.
Legalism.
46
Islam means
the one true religion.
surrender to the will of God.
the true belief.
leader of God's people.
47
By instituting civil service examinations for entrance into the government bureaucracy the Song
recruited the most talented men for government service.
ensured only the wealthy would retain positions of power
drove the most talented people out of the country.
tried to limit the number of civil servants.
48
The center of political action in the Roman Republic was
the Council of Nobles.
annually elected civic officials.
the Senate.
the Plebeian Council.
49
Muhammad's revelations from the angel are compiled in a book called
the Quran.
the Hadith.
the Third Testament
the Ka'ba.
50
A significant challenge to early astronomers was that of a heliocentric universe was argued by
Frances Bacon
Nicholas Copernicus
Galileo Galilei.
Johannes Keppler
51
Diaspora means
fulfillment.
scattering.
faith.
separation.
52
Why did the peoples of the New World lack immunity to the diseases of the Europeans?
Significant differences in dietary structure.
their long isolation from other continents.
they had a different DNA structure than Europeans.
Disease did not exist in the Americas.
53
Social and political organization in the North American tribes was dependent on
thanes.
conquest.
tribute systems.
chiefdoms.
54
The pharaoh Akhenaten is credited by many historians with
implementing political reforms that harmed many Egyptians.
damaging the economy beyond repair.
the invention of monotheism.
linking his wealth to the traditional system.
55
The Portuguese gained control of the eastern Indian Ocean through
trade alliances.
marriage
conquest.
diplomatic negotiation.
56
The Mongol leader, the khan,
was a figurehead only.
had no power to make decisions but retained a veto.
had his decisions ratified by a council.
had absolute power in decision making.
57
English political philosopher John Locke asserted that if the monarch
abused his or her power, the people had a duty to rebel.
was elected by the people, he could rule forever.
ruled absolutely without controls, harmony would ensue.
fed the people, the people should be loyal.
58
Sailing in the Indian Ocean was less difficult and dangerous than in other places because
there are many islands suitable for refueling.
the monsoon winds are predictable.
it isn't an ocean, but rather a large saltwater lake.
it is shallow.
59
To promote his ideas, Luther used
the printing press.
indulgences.
troubadours to sing of his greatness.
peasant armies.
60
What military technologies did the Silk Road spread?
The lance, chain mail, and gunpowder
Chariot warfare, mounted bowmen, and the stirrup
The field hospital, the broadsword, and the poison arrow
The war elephant, hardtack, and Arabian horses
61
Which Russian ruler was the first to use the term "tsar"?
Ivan IV.
Ivan III.
Alexander Nevskii.
Peter the Great.
62
What 2 nations began a maritime revolution that profoundly altered the course of world history?
Germany and Russia
China and Japan
Portugal and Spain
England and France
63
The Tang Empire declined when
plague swept the capital.
Grand Canal silted up&the gov't couldn't afford to dredge it
earthquakes and tidal waves destroyed coastal cities.
political decay and military decline undermined social order
64
What natural resource provided the incentive to trade for southern Saharan dwellers?
Salt
Caffeine
Cotton
Palm oil
65
Cortes had which advantages in conquering the Aztecs?
An alliance with the Tlaxacans
Firearms and horses
Smallpox
All of these
66
Who attempted to write the first world history?
The Abbasid caliph
Rashid al-Din
Marco Polo
Ibn Battuta
67
Muhammad conceived Islam after
dreaming about Ishmael from the Old Testament.
many years of religious study in a mosque.
being possessed by a shaitan.
experiencing revelations.
68
In 1265, major divisions emerged between the Mongol khans because
some refused to accept an alliance with the Mamluks.
many branches refused to accept Khubilai as Great Khan.
Jagadai did not accept Shamanism.
Batu and Khubilai teamed up against Jagadai.
69
The Greek concept of democracy included political participation by
all free, native-born, adult males.
a council of priests.
both men and women.
military officers only.
70
What are the criteria for "civilization?"
cities
record keeping
control of a geographic area as a means of power
All of these are components of civilization
71
What caused the end of serfdom in western Europe?
the rise of cities
the poor agricultural productivity of the early 14th century
the rise of popular literature
the Black Death
72
The characteristic ship of the Arabian Sea was the
galley.
junk.
dhow.
skow.
73
John Calvin preached that salvation was granted by
good works.
predestination
good thoughts.
sobriety.
74
Muslim means
one who makes submission.
the one true religion.
holy people.
first followers.
75
Information about ancient Israel can be found in the
Rosetta stone.
chronicles of Abraham.
Rig Veda.
Hebrew Bible.
76
After Muhammad's death, the Muslim community
searched for a successor according to Muhammad instructions
chose a caliph, Abu Bakr.
abandoned the orthodox teachings of Islam.
held general elections to replace Muhammad.
77
The Persian provinces were administered by
satraps or hereditary provincial governors.
utilizing native rulers loyal to the king.
direct control from the king.
large occupying armies and harsh discipline.
78
Muslim religious practice is based on the
Eightfold Path.
Ten Commandments.
Three Goals to Salvation.
Five Pillars.
79
The varna system developed in order to create
standardized religious beliefs.
an integrated economic system to aid merchants.
social order between groups.
a uniform legal code in India.
80
The Mandate of Heaven meant that the ruler retained the right to rule as long as
he produced a male heir.
he remained the strongest in the kingdom.
he performed the correct ritual sacrifices.
he remained a wise and principled guardian of his people.
81
The Glorious Revolution established what in England?
A Puritan dominated church
A House of Commons in parliament
A constitution and a bill of rights
An empire more expansive than any other European power.
82
The Renaissance began in
eastern France.
northern Italy.
southern England.
southern Russia.
83
The three great Greek classical philosophers are
Diogenes, Euclid, and Ptolemy.
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
Achilles, Hippocrates, and Sappho.
Eurypides, Pericles, and Darius.
84
The Enlightenment was termed such because it:
embraced a heliocentric universe by society of intellectuals
suggested criticism would lighten rule of absolutist leaders
was carried out by enlightened ppl who were often persecuted
proposed a fusion of Christianity and Buddhism
85
When Alexander the Great died, his vast empire
fragmented into many separate states.
continued to be administered as unified by his successors.
reverted to its former Persian rulers.
was broken up into three Macedonian dynasties.
86
The Chinese acquired silk by
raising silkworms and pioneering silk cloth production.
hiring Japanese labor to work in textile mills.
importing raw silk from Europe.
encouraging Chinese silk pirate who raided merchant shipping
87
The 1054 schism between Eastern & Western churches was caused primarily by disagreements over
Arianism.
how mass should be celebrated.
monophysitism.
the jurisdiction of the western papacy
88
Other than fulfilling his personal religious obligations, Mansa Musa's pilgrimage resulted in
construction of new mosques and Quranic schools in Mali.
contraction of the Malian economy.
disappearance of Buddhist practice in Mali.
decrease in Malian taxes.
89
Why did the Ming court suspend the voyages of Zheng He?
Chinese suffered epidemic from contacts in the Indian Ocean
The gov't believed that little could be gained by exploring
The poor weather of the Indian Ocean made voyages 2 unsafe.
Zheng He's fleet was sunk by Portuguese naval might.
90
The Late Bronze Age in the Middle East was a "cosmopolitan era" because
it was primarily an urban-based society
lifestyles were radically different from what had gone B4
elements of culture were widely shared.
different groups of people remained isolated.
91
The Bubonic Plague was brought to Europe by
Mongol invaders
Chinese explorers
Genoese traders
Christian monks
92
Women in Maya society were
Granted rights only while serving in temples
Central to the religious and economic life of every home
Allowed to live in segregated communities
Rulers by ancient tradition and ritual
93
The tropics are warm all year round. The center of the tropical zone is marked by the
Sahara Desert.
polar caps.
equator.
Gulf Stream.
94
Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley civilizations were all
based on fertile floodplains and river valleys.
derived from a still undiscovered, "watershed" civilization.
based on beer brewing and female labor.
made possible by large agricultural surpluses.
95
Greek poleis or city-states developed because of
Greek geography, especially mountains, separated populations
aggressive outside cultures.
previous patterns of political organization.
mistrust between competing groups.