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HESI Comprehensive Practice (Part 1)
HESI Comprehensive Practice (Part 1)
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HESI Comprehensive Practice V2 / Radiography / Gurnick / It Is What It Is / #Gurnickway
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Practice quiz
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Answers
1
Which component of radiographic noise in digital imaging is controlled by the radiographer?
Electronic noise.
Quantum mottle.
Film graininess
Structure mottle.
2
See below:
1 turn.
90,000 turns.
66,000 turns.
14 turns.
3
Which is the best projection to evaluate the coronoid process in profile?
Anteroposterior (AP) elbow.
Scapular Y View.
Medial oblique elbow.
Inferosuperior axial shoulder.
4
Which factor would the radiographer choose to maximize recorded detail in the image?
Low milliampere-seconds (mAs).
Small focal spot.
High kilavolts peak (kVo).
100 cm source to image receptor distance (SID).
5
For a lateral femur, if a patient is rotated too far anteriorly what will happen to the condyles on the distal femur?
Medial condyle will be posterior to the lateral condyle.
Medial condyle will be inferior to the lateral condyle.
They will superimpose.
Medial condyle will be anterior to the lateral condyle.
6
How can radiographer decrease radiation exposure when performing examinations on pediatric patients? (Select three)
2, 3, 4
1, 2, 3
3, 4, 5
1, 3, 4
7
Which exam may be used to assess cruciate ligament pathology?
Shoulder arthrogram.
Knee arthrogram.
Wrist including navicular views.
Three view elbow series.
8
Which describes the correct positioning for demonstrating the right sacroiliac (SI) joint, with the joint space open?
35 degrees, right posterior oblique (RPO).
35 degrees, left posterior oblique (LPO).
25 degrees, left posterior oblique (LPO).
25 degrees, right posterior oblique (RPO).
9
See below:
Use of edge enhancement.
The ability to reprocess images.
The wide latitude.
Use of high-pass filtering.
10
See below:
Interventional nurse.
Anesthesiologist.
Radiographer.
Radiologist.
11
Which type of x-ray photons are present in the remnant x-ray beam, but not in the primary beam?
Scattered.
Bremsstrahlung.
Characteristic.
Unattenuated.
12
Which disease requires the infected patient to be placed on airborne precautions?
Chickenpox.
MRSA.
Pneumonia.
AIDS.
13
See below:
"You may go into shock."
"You may feel a warm sensation."
"You may develop itching or hives."
"You may experience cardiac arrest."
14
A patient with a compound fracture has an immobilization device in place, what is the best action by the radiographer?
Leave the device in place unless directed by a physician to remove it.
Remove the device if it interferes with the images to be produced.
Remove the device it if the patient is uncomfortable.
Determine if the device is really needed and remove it if possible.
15
Which type of x-ray interaction results in the complete absorption of the incident photon by an orbital electron?
Classical scattering.
Pair production.
Compton effect.
Photoelectric effect.
16
How should the radiographer correct this image of a medial oblique foot?
No correction needed.
Increases medial rotation.
Increase angle toward heel
Dorsiflex foot.
17
Which property describes x-rays?
Are electrically negative.
Are focused by the collimator.
Travel faster than 186,282 miles per second.
Cause biological and chemical changes.
18
Which is the preferred method for indicating the correct anatomic side on a radiographic image?
Photoflash the marker on a corner of the image after the exposure.
Place a side marker directly on the image receptor (IR) prior to exposure.
Write the appropriate marker directly on the film after exposure.
Electronically annotate the correct side prior to exposure.
19
See below:
Anteroposterior (AP) with medial rotation.
Anteroposterior (AP) with lateral rotation.
Mediolateral lateral.
Anteroposterior (AP).
20
See below:
Image inversion.
Contrast manipulation.
Edge enhancement.
Automatic rescaling.
21
Which of these atoms or parts of atoms exhibits no charge?
Proton.
Neutron.
Electron.
Hydrogen nucleus.
22
See below:
The humerus and forearm should be placed in the same horizontal plane.
The elbow joint should be rotated laterally.
The elbow joint should be rotated medially.
The forearm should be pronated to correct the error.
23
Which finding is considered a contraindication for myelography?
Bone fragments in the spinal canal.
Malignant spinal cord tumor.
Herniated nucleus pulposus.
Blood in the cerebrospinal fluid.
24
See below:
0.01 mGy.
0.025 mGy.
0.015 mGy.
0.005 mGy.
25
In which way can the radiographer minimize motion due to peristalsis?
Give the patient explicit instructions.
Expose the radiograph on expiration.
Decrease exposure time.
Expose the radiograph on inspiration.
26
A female was referred for mammography but is nervous about the risks of ionizing radiation. How should you handle this?
Reassure the benefit of the procedure outweighs the potential consequences.
Tell her breast cancer is detrimental to one's health & exam is imperative.
Inform her that shielding will block any bad radiation.
Advise her there is no such thing as "ionizing radiation" & continue exam.
27
Which statement correctly identifies appropriate use of fluoroscopic technology?
A primary protective barrier of 1 mm lead equivalent is required.
The patient-image intensifier distance should be as long as possible.
The fluoroscopist must ensure that a cumulative timer is present and used.
Mobile C-arm fluoroscopic devices are routine for walk-in patients.
28
What is the result if the total lead content of a grid is decreased?
Increased scatter absorption.
Decreased scatter absorption.
Greater image contrast.
Higher patient dose.
29
In order to increase the number of shades of gray displayed on a digital image what should be done?
Increase the window level.
Decrease the window width.
Decrease the window level.
Increase the window width.
30
When should a radiographer stand in the primary beam to restrain a patient?
Patient has a fractured hip.
Patient is a child.
Never.
During an emergency.
31
How can a radiographer be less intimidating to a child?
Sit in a chair.
Put the child on the x-ray table.
Squat down to the child's level.
Converse with the parents.
32
What is a contraindication for using any type of intravenous contrast material in radiography?
Alcoholism.
Diabetes
Renal failure
Heart Disease.
33
Which fluoroscopic kilovolts peak (kVp) factor is most appropriate for optimal patient radiation protection?
70-80 kVp.
60-70 kVp.
100-110 kVp.
80-90 kVp.
34
Digital radiography can produce 16,000 shades of gray. What appropriate bit depth (dynamic range) does this represent?
14 bit depth.
16 bit depth.
10 bit depth.
12 bit depth.
35
Which action is most appropriate for suspected trauma of the cervical spine (patient on a backboard & head immobilized)?
Pull the patient's arms down to help visualize the lower cervical spine.
Obtain a cross-table lateral for the physician prior to further imaging.
Remove the cervical collar to check for metallic objects.
Acquire all images with patient in an upright position if possible.
36
Which example is a violation of patient's privacy if communicated to anyone not directly involved with the patient?
A named patient is called for his barium enema.
A named physician is an internal medicine specialist.
Results of this exam should be available in 24 hours.
This exam will take about 10 minutes.
37
See below:
Obtain an open-mouth projection of C1 and C2.
Cancel the radiographs and order a CT.
Cancel the radiographs and order an MRI.
Obtain a cross-table lateral projection.
38
There are several methods to overcome sagging of lumbar spine in lateral position. Where should the radiographer begin?
1
3
4
2
39
Which may be effects of fetal irradiation? (Select the four that apply).
1, 2, 3, 4
2, 3, 4, 5
1, 2, 4, 5
1, 3, 4, 5
40
Which items can be used as indicators of the quality of the diagnostic x-ray beam? Select the two that apply
3 & 5
1 & 2
2 & 4
2 & 3
41
As linear energy transfer (LET) increases, the ability of ionizing radiation to cause biologic effects does what?
Decreases slightly.
Increases until it reaches a maximal value.
Remains constant, not increasing or decreasing.
Decreases considerably.
42
See below:
Femoral necks.
Sacral alae.
Pubic rami.
Innominate bones.
43
Pediatric patients require special consideration & appropriate radiation protection because they are more vulnerable to:
Only the genetic effects of radiation.
Only the early somatic effects of radiation.
Both the late somatic effects and genetic effects of radiation.
Only the late somatic effects of radiation.
44
Which disease is contracted by exposure to infected blood and blood products?
Small pox.
Hepatitis B.
Rubella.
Tuberculosis.
45
Which normal effect of aging is a common obstacle to communication with elder adults?
Decreased intelligence.
Aphasia.
Senile dementia.
Hearing impairment.
46
If a radiographer wanted to double image density without doubling the patient's dose which action should be taken?
Increase kilovolts peak. (kVp) by 15%.
Double milliampere-seconds (mAs).
Increase milliampere-seconds (mAs) by 15%.
Double kilovolts peak (kVp).
47
See below:
Allow the patient to use an inhaler.
Ask the patient if they have a history of asthma.
Initiate oxygen therapy.
Call for medical assistance.
48
See below:
Radiology equipment doesn't really produce radiation.
We use film badges to find radiation amount that's reasonable for patients.
We use lead aprons to block radiation, so we don't have a policy in place.
We use the "as low as reasonably achievable" (ALARA) philosophy.
49
If a transformer has a greater # of turns in secondary coil than in primary coil, how will output voltage be affected?
Decreased.
Increased.
No change.
Unable to determine from information given.
50
Which is the proper amount & direction of heel rotation recommended for a posteroanterior PA projection of the patella?
10 to 15 degrees laterally.
5 to 10 degrees laterally.
10 to 15 degrees medially.
5 to 10 degrees medially.
51
Which projection is the freest of bony superimposition over the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
Axiolateral oblique (Stenvers).
Axiolateral (Schuller).
Tangential (May).
Axiolateral oblique (Law).
52
Which description best defines a histogram?
The visual means for the radiographer to critique the radiographic image.
Mathematical analysis of the data set received by the image receptor(IR).
The quantization of photon data striking the image receptor (IR).
Graph where x-axis is the amount of exposure read & y-axis is # of pixels.
53
What advantage does a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) have over a film badge?
TLD is only worn one month at a time.
More accurate.
Cheaper
TLD can be read more than once.
54
See below:
Position patella closer to the image receptor (IR).
Position patella further away from the image receptor (IR).
No correction needed.
Increase cephalic angulation.
55
Which position was used to produce the image of the stomach?
Right anterior oblique (RAO).
Left posterior oblique (LPO).
Left anterior oblique (LAO).
Right posterior oblique (RPO).
56
Where should radiographers clip their radiation monitors when wearing an apron for fluoroscopy?
At the waist, beneath the lead apron.
At the waist, outside of the lead apron.
At the collar, beneath the lead apron.
At the collar, outside of the lead apron.
57
See below:
Lateral thumb.
Posterior-anterior (PA) hand.
Oblique thumb.
Anteroposterior (AP) thumb.
58
Which factors will result in greater x-ray attenuation? (Select the three that apply.)
3, 4, 5
2, 3, 4
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 4
59
Who should stay in the patient’s room during a portable x-ray examination done in a hospital room?
Physicians.
Nurses.
Radiographers.
Visitors.
60
See below:
Fixed mode ignores exposure index & useful for body parts w/ a prosthesis
Fixed mode works well for exams where it is difficult to center image on IR
Fixed mode compares data to a histogram & uses proper brightness & contrast
Fixed mode does not recognize collimation borders
61
Which projection of the skull will result in the greatest exposure to the lens of the eye?
Verticosubmental.
Posteroanterior (PA) axial.
Lateral.
Anteroposterior (AP) axial.
62
See below:
Greater measurement, higher kVp and mAs
Same measurement, same technical factors.
Smaller measurement, lower kVp and mAs
Same measurement, but more bone, higher kVp and mAs.
63
If a pregnant patient is inadvertently irradiated, who should perform the calculations to determine fetal dose?
Imaging department manager.
Radiologist.
Radiologic physicist.
Radiographer performing the examination.
64
See below:
Insulin shock.
Seizure.
Anaphylactic shock.
Syncopal episode.
65
If 7 milliampere-seconds (mAs) provides optimal density without a grid, which mAs should be sued with a 12:1 grid?
21.
42.
35.
28.
66
See below:
Do not move the affected leg.
Externally rotate the affected leg.
Internally rotate the affected leg.
Abduct the affected leg.
67
See below:
There is a problem with the digital receptor.
The x-ray room may need recalibration.
The automatic exposure control (AEC) is set at an inappropriate speed class
It could be an anomaly and should continue to be monitored
68
See below:
Supply cabinet.
Crash cart.
Oxygen.
Code blue cabinet.
69
Which component of a diagnostic x-ray tube restricts the primary beam to the area of interest?
Protective housing.
Focusing cup.
Collimator.
Electrostatic lenses.
70
Which increases a radiographer's radiation exposure?
Use of high-speed image receptor (IR) systems.
Choosing high kilovolts peak (kVp), low milliampere seconds (mAs) factors.
Use of positive beam limitation (PBL).
Choosing low kVp, high mAs exposure factors.
71
Which patient is most at risk for catastrophic embryonic damage from radiation?
Patient 2
Patient 4
Patient 3
Patient 1
72
Which projection of the foot demonstrates the cuboid bone in profile with the least bony superimposition?
Lateral.
Anteroposterior (AP).
Anteroposterior (AP), lateral oblique.
Anteroposterior (AP), medial oblique.
73
How should the radiographer correct this image of a 45
°
oblique ankle?
No correction needed.
Depress distal tibia.
Increase internal rotation.
Dorsiflex foot.
74
Which central ray (CR) angulation is recommended for an anteroposterior (AP) axial projection of the toes?
5 degrees toward the heel.
40 degrees toward the heel.
30 degrees toward the heel.
15 degrees toward the heel.
75
Which diseases are most prevalent in connection with the 1986 chernobyl nuclear power accident? Select three that apply
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 4
2, 3, 4
3, 4, 5
76
If computed radiography (CR) imaging plates (IP) haven't been used, how often should they be erased?
72 hours.
24 hours.
96 hours.
48 hours.
77
See below:
Ask the patient to take a deeper inspiration.
Rotate the patient to the left.
Rotate the patient to the right.
Accept the image.
78
What would a continuous, fine, horizontal white line across the computed radiography image indicate?
Static electricity
Backscatter artifact.
A crack in the phosphor layer of the cassette.
Dirt on the light guide or laser head.
79
Which bony landmark is commonly used for central ray location on an anteroposterior (AP) chest projection?
Jugular notch.
Vertebrae prominens.
T7 spinous process.
Xiphoid process.
80
What results from utilizing a lower ratio grid?
Lower contrast,but less leeway in positioning central ray (CR) to the grid.
Higher contrast and greater latitude in central ray (CR) positioning.
Lower contrast, but greater error margin in central ray (CR) placement.
Higher contrast and less latitude in central ray (CR) positioning.
81
Under which condition might an x-ray photon be deviated from its original direction?
Focused by a lens.
Speed increases.
Photon mass increases.
Interaction occurs.
82
How should the radiographer correct this image of a lateral scapula?
Increase patient obliquity.
Elevate arm.
Decrease patient obliquity.
No correction needed.
83
What is the annual occupational effective dose limit for a 43-year-old radiographer?
5 millisievert (mSv).
43 millisievert (mSv).
50 millisievert (mSv).
4.3 millisievert (mSv).
84
Which position is used to demonstrate the left kidney in profile for an intravenous urogram (IVU)?
30-degree left posterior oblique (LPO).
30-degree right posterior oblique (RPO).
45-degree right posterior oblique (RPO).
45-degree left posterior oblique (LPO).
85
Which condition could lead to neurogenic shock?
External hemorrhage.
A pulmonary embolism.
Head trauma.
A massive infection.
86
Which type of exposure technique chart would allow the radiographer to make small, fine adjustments for orthopedic work?
Fixed kilovolts peak (kVp).
Variable kilovolts peak (kVp).
Automatic exposure control (AEC)
Anatomically programmed radiography (APR).
87
How much lead equivalence is required for fluoroscopic curtains?
0.4 mm.
0.25 mm.
0.2 mm.
0.5 mm.
88
Which position most accurately describes the Camp Coventry method for demonstrating the intercondylar fossa of the knee?
Supine iwth the image receptor (IR) under the knee.
Kneeling with the lower leg parallel to the image receptor (IR).
Standing with the lower leg parallel to the image receptor (IR).
Prone with the femur parallel to the image receptor (IR).
89
Where should the central ray be centered to best demonstrate the rami for a PA mandible projection?
The acanthion.
The glabella.
The occlusal plane.
The point of contact bewtween the lips.
90
On a lateral radiograph of a patient's leg, where will the patient's tibia be in relation to the fibula?
Posterior to fibula.
Partially superimposed.
Superior to fibula.
completely superimposed.
91
See below:
Repeat the image with an appropriate increase in technical factors
Alter image window width & level to improve the visual appeal, then approve
Approve image and send to Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)
Reprocess image under a different algorithm to improve visual appearance
92
How does emphysema impact radiographic imaging of the chest?
Emphysema is a destructive disease but will not have effect on patient mass
Emphysema has no effect on chest tissue, requires no technical compensation
Emphysema is a destructive disease, & thus chest tissue is more radiolucent
Emphysema is an additive disease, meaning chest tissue is more radiopaque
93
What can be demonstrated with a left lateral decubitus position of the thorax?
Air in the pleural spaces of the apices & fluid in costophrenic angles.
Fluid in the pleural spaces of the apices & air in the costophrenic angles.
Air in the right pleural space and fluid in the left pleural space.
Fluid in the right pleural space and air in the left pleural space.
94
A child comes in with obvious deformity to her mid forearm. How should the radiographer care for her when taking x-rays?
Nothing, let her move her own arm.
Move the arm any way needed.
Support the joint above and below the deformity.
Remove any immobilization devices.
95
Which represents the proper amount of internal leg rotation for the ankle mortise joint to appear open?
45 degrees.
15 to 20 degrees.
0 degrees.
30 to 35 degrees
96
See below:
To superimpose the vertebrae and sternum.
To flatten the sternum out.
To prevent the sternum from being in the shadow of the heart.
To prevent superimposition of the vertebrae and sternum.
97
See below:
0.25 Gy.
0.15 Gy.
0.50 Gy.
0.01 Gy.
98
Which is one function of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) network?
Listing inpatient ordering information.
Tracking billing information.
Holding reports dictated by the radiologist.
Downloading images from different imaging modalities.
99
Place the parts of the gastrointestinal tract in order from proximal to distal.
1. Duodenum 2. jejunum 23 ileum 4. cecum
1. cecum 2. jejunum 3. duodedum 4. ileum
1. Duodenum 2. cecum 3. ileum 4. jejunum
1. Duodenum 2. ileum 3. jejunum 4. cecum
100
What is the single, most important step radiographers can take to protect themselves and their patients from infection?
Wash their hands between patients.
Use exam gloves.
Touch the patient only when absolutely necessary.
Clean the surfaces the patient touches with dilutes bleach solution.
