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Religions of India Flashcards | StudBud
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Religions of India
Religions of India
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A comprehensive review for World Religions
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1
The Founder of Buddhism:
Siddhartha Gautama
Nattaputta Vardhamana
Guru Nanak
Unknown
2
Buddhists find ANNICA reassuring because:
Constant change means all conditions are temporary
Annihilating the "ego" reduces suffering
By changing the causes of suffering, we can eliminate it
We discover compassion in our interconnectedness
3
A prophecy at his birth said Siddhartha would become a great religious leader if:
If he gave all his possessions to the poor
He was prevented from experiencing pleasure
He saw death, disease, suffering, and asceticism
If he married at an early age
4
"Dalit" means:
Moral Responsibility
Sunrise
Children of God
"The Oppressed"
5
Jainism was a reform movement of:
Hinduism
Sikhism
Buddhism
Islam
6
The more conservative sect of Jainism is the Digambara or:
Sky Clad
White Clad
Red Clad
Earth Clad
7
Jains constitute what percent of India's total population
> 15%
12%
5%
<1%
8
The foundational value of Jainism, upon which all other values derive is:
Ahimsa
Ajiva
Asteya
Satya
9
Which of the following is unrelated to one's dharma?
Gender
Caste
Age
Sexual orientation
10
Generally speaking, Jains strive to:
Live simply, peacefully, and honestly
Gain power, wealth, and prestige
Convert others to their religion
Serve others
11
Atman refers to:
The Individual Soul
Ignorance about the true nature of reality
The endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth
The first human
12
The Creator God
Kali
Shiva
Vishnu
Brahma
13
Ganesh is:
The Monkey King
The Elephant Headed God
The Child of God
An avatar of Krishna
14
The most important virtue in Sikhism is:
Compassion
Nonviolence
Service
Generosity
15
Sikhs refer to God as:
Yahweh
The True Name
Allah
Brahma
16
Sikhism RETAINED which of the following from Hinduism?
The Caste System
Sacrifice/ Ceremonialism
Gender Inequality
Reincarnation and Karma
17
The scriptures of Buddhism are called:
Sutras
Agamas
Adi Granth
Vedas
18
The 5 Thieves represent
5 demons who tempted Nanak
5 virtues that defend against evil
5 urges/desires that lead to sin
5 physical symbols of Sikh identity
19
Outside of India, large numbers of Jains can be found living in:
England, Canada, Africa, and the US
They do not live outside India
Korea, Vietnam, Tibet, and Pakistan
Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Greece
20
Siddhartha's insight about the Middle Path reflects:
His experience of the futility of extreme luxury/ asceticism
His attachment to physical comfort
His desperate hunger
The wisdom of local village girls
21
Brahmin
Servants/Workers
Merchants
Kings/Warriors
Teachers/Priests
22
Moksha refers to:
Process/consequence of Brahman manifesting as the universe
Enlightenment about Ultimate Truth/ Liberation from Samsara
Epic Poem about India's founding families
The coffee of the gods
23
Sikhism emerged in an historical context of:
Conflict between Hindus and Muslims
Collaboration between Christians and Muslims
Conflict between Muslims and Jews
Collaboration between Muslims and Hindus
24
The First Noble Truth states:
To eliminate suffering, follow the 8fold path
Suffering is caused by obsessive cravings/ thirst/desire
To live is to experience suffering
Change the causes of suffering to eliminate suffering
25
Th Third Noble Truth states:
Suffering is caused by obsessive cravings/ desire/ thirst
To live is to experience suffering
To eliminate suffering, follow the 8fold path
Change the causes of suffering to eliminate it
26
The Sikh Scriptures are called:
Adi Granth
Vedas
Agamas
Sutras
27
Lakshmi, the Goddess of:
Fertility
Mother Earth
Good Fortune
War
28
Sikhism combines elements of:
Islam and Buddhism
Hinduism and Jainism
Jainism and Buddhism
Hinduism and Islam
29
Nattaputta was born into which religion?
Hinduism
Islam
Buddhism
Sikhism
30
Kali, Goddess of:
Romantic Love
Fertility
Music
War
31
Sikhs of Muslim origin wanted to:
Bury him
Perform an Air Burial in which vultures consume his body
Cremate him
Embalm him
32
Nonviolence in Sikhism is expected towards:
Humans only
Mammals only
Nonviolence is not a value in Sikhsim
All living beings
33
Dharma in Hinduism refers to:
Dormitory style housing in the ancient city of Harrappa
The 4 stages of Life
Enlightenment/Liberation
Moral Responsibility
34
Brahma is:
Teachers/Priestly Caste
Ultimately Reality
Creator God
Bull
35
Sikh means
Student
Enlightened One
Great Hero
Teacher
36
Home to the Golden Temple, The holiest city for Sikhs is:
Amritsar
Mecca
Lahore
Delhi
37
In his first sermon, Siddhartha outlined:
Ethical rules for his followers
His experiences as an ascetic
The Four Noble Truths
Hi insights about the Path of Moderation
38
One of the most famous and important converts to Buddhism was:
King Ashoka
Rahula
Saint Paul
Nattaputta Vardhamana
39
Sikhs of Hindu origin wanted to:
Cremate him
Perform an air burial in which vultures consumed the body
Bury him
Embalm him
40
God of Death, Destruction, Regeneration, and Rebirth
Vishnu
Shiva
Ganesh
Brahma
41
Sikhism focuses on:
Memorizing the Adi Granth
The Transcendent Deity
Character and Righteous Action
Sacrifice and Religiosity
42
Nanak spent the remainder of his life teaching others that:
Hinduism is the one true faith
Islam is the one true faith
God cares more about how we live than what labels we use
Sikhs must accept Nanak as their personal Lord and Savior
43
Buddhists take refuge in:
Brahma, Shiva, Vishnu
The Buddha, The Dharma, and the Sangha
Guru Adi Granth
The Trimuri
44
One day while praying, Nanak disappeared and was gone for how long?
3 weeks
3 days
3 years
3 months
45
The founder of Sikhism grew up in what part of India?
West/ Gujarat
North Central/ Punjab
South/ Sri Lanka
Northeast/ Near Nepal
46
Section of Mahabharata in which Krisha gives Arjuna advice about his dharma
Ramayana
Upanishads
Bhagavad Gita
Laws of Manu
47
The goal of Jainism is:
Receive God's grace and achieve salvation
Shed all karma to be freed from samsara
Achieve nirvana and be freed from suffering
Do your dharma, get good karma, achieve moksha
48
The Vedas are:
An epic poem about Ram and Sita
Ethical teachings of Hinduism
An epic poem about India's founding families
The Hindu Scriptures/ Sacred Texts
49
The Sangha is
The community of believers
The Scriptures of Buddhism
The sacred chants of the Buddha
The Root Cause of Suffering
50
Nanak regularly went here to pray
The forest
The temple
The mosque
The river
51
Maya refers to:
Ignorance about the True Nature of Reality
Process/consequence of Brahman manifesting as the universe
The Individual Soul
The Endless Cycle of Birth, Death, and Rebirth
52
The majority of Jains live in:
Africa
India
The US/ Canada
Nebal, Tibet, China
53
At birth, Nattaputta's dharma was to be a:
Merchant
King
Priest
Back-up Heir to the throne
54
The most important virtue in Mahayana Buddhism is
Wisdom
Generosity
Compassion
Nonviolence
55
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Theraveda Buddhism?
Enlightened beings choose rebirth to help others get nirvana
Primarily found in SE Asia and Sri Lanka
Focus on individual enlightenment through meditation
Fewer sacred texts
56
The founder of Sikhism
Unknown
Nattaputta Vardhamana
Siddhartha Gautama
Guru Nanak
57
Anatman (anatta) means:
Soul
Impermanence
Ignorance
Nonsoul/Soullessness
58
Kshatriya refers to:
Warriors/Kings
Teachers/Priests
Merchants
Servants
59
Nanak's solution to this conflict was to:
Be resurrected
Choose burial
Allow the group whose flowers were freshest to choose
Choose cremation
60
During the Axial Age, the most common method for achieving Enlightenment was:
Asceticism
Purchasing indulgences from Priests
Fasting unto death
Pursuit of wealth and pleasure
61
The core of the Buddha's teachings is summed up in:
The Eightfold Path
The Four Noble Truths
The Middle Path
The Laws of Karma
62
The Second Noble Truth states:
Change the causes of suffering to eliminate it
Suffering is caused by obsessive cravings/ desire/ thirst
To eliminate suffering, follow the 8fold path
To live is to experience suffering
63
Because Sikhs had a strong military tradition, the British resonded by:
Killing them
Imprisoning them
Banishing them from India
Recruiting them as soldiers/ policemen
64
Buddhism was founded during:
6th ct CE
6th ct BCE
16th ct BCE
16th ct CE
65
Who was the founder of Jainism?
No founder
Siddhartha Gautama
Guru Nanak
Nattaputta Vardhamana
66
Fasting unto death is known as
Bramacharya
Aparigraha
Sallenkhana
Satyagraha
67
Kama refers to this life pursuit:
Pleasure
Release from the cycle of reincarnation
Ethical Responsibility
Success/Purpose
68
The God of Love and Benevolence
Brahman
Shiva
Krishna
Vishnu
69
The Jain Scriptures are called the:
Adi Granth
Vedas
Sutras
Agamas
70
The Laws of Manu contain:
Mythical stories about the deities
Instructions about one's dharma/ responsibilities
Instructions about sacrifice
Philosophical commentary
71
Every gurdwara includes this important room
A guest house
Library
Kitchen/dining hall
Images of God
72
Sikhs achieve Moksha by:
Extreme asceticism and nonviolence
God's grace
Following the 8fold path
Sikhs don't believe in Moksha
73
The Upanishads are the:
Epic poem about India's founding families
Myths and hymn about Indian Deities
Philosophical materials in the Vedas
Pans in which sacrifices are burned
74
Early in their history, Sikhs were persecuted by some Muslims because:
They saw Sikhism as a corruption of Hinduism
Sikhs desecrated Muslim holy sites
Sikhs had massacred Muslims
They saw Sikhism as a corruption of Islam
75
The more liberal sect of Jains is called the Svetambara or:
White Clad
Sky Clad
Blue Clad
Earth Clad
76
Growing up, Nanak knew many:
Muslims
Buddhists
Christians
Jains
77
Eternal and intrinsically valuable, JIVA refers to
Animals
Souls
Plants
Matter
78
Brahman is:
Ultimate Reality
Bull
Creator Deity
Priest
79
Jainism dualistic worldview divides reality into:
Mahavira and Buddha
Karma and akarma
Dharma and adharma
Jiva and ajiva
80
Sikhism teaches that:
There are truths and value in all religions
Guru Nanak was a deity
Guru Nanak was resurrected and lives in Heaven with Muhammad
Hindus are infidels
81
Hanuman is:
The Monkey King
The Demon King
The Elephant Headed God
The God of Handicrafts
82
Nattaputta was the
Second Son
Middle Child
Youngest of 3 Sons
Oldest/Only son
83
Some Jains accept the use of violence in the case of
Animal Slaughter
Capital Punishment
War
Personal self-defense
84
The Trimurti refers to:
Shiva, Parvati, Ganesh
Krisha, Ram, Vishnu
Brahmin, Vaisya, Kshatriya
Vishnu, Shiva, Brahma
85
Because Jains are committed to nonviolence, the tend to work in:
Agriculture
Slaugherhouses
Finances
Military
86
Sanskrit is:
An ancient type of sunscreen
The language brought to India by the Aryans
The Creator Deity
The indigenous language of India
87
Siddhartha had how many children?
0
1
2
3
88
For Jain lay people (nonclergy), the most important virtue is:
Service
Wisdom
Generosity
Non-Stealing
89
As a consequence of their honesty, Jains have:
Gained many enemies
Sought political office
Become the most revered group in India
Become enormously wealthy
90
The more conservative branch of Buddhism is called:
Mahayana, The Expansive Way
Theraveda, The Way of the Elders
Tibetan Buddhism
Pure Land or Amidism
91
When Siddhartha achieved enlightenment, he gave his first sermon at:
Dasani
Angkor Wat
White Castle
Deer Park
92
During which century was Sikhism founded?
6th ct CE
6th ct BCE
16th ct BCE
16th ct CE
93
The more liberal branch of Buddhism is called:
Pure Land or Amidism
Mahayana, the Expansive Way
Theraveda, The Way of the Elders
Tibetan Buddhism
94
Sikhs view which of the following as being the most important of God's creation?
All life forms
Mammals
Humans
All creatures are equally valuable
95
A boddhisattva is:
An enlightened being who chooses rebirth to help others
A form of asceticism
The type of tree under which Buddha achieved Enlightenment
A Tibetan Buddhist king
96
Shudra refers to:
Teachers/Priests
Kings/Warriors
Merchants
Servants/Workers
97
The Ashramas refer to the four:
Pursuits of life
Castes
Primary Deities
Stages of life
98
The goal of Buddhism is:
Do your dharma to get good karma to achieve moksha
Salvation through God's Grace
Follow the 8fold path to eliminate suffering
Eliminate all karma and be released from samsara
99
Buddha means:
The Great Hero
The One who Conquered
The Enlightened or Awakened One
Teacher
100
When Siddhartha heard a musician tuning his lute, he realized
Music is a message from the gods
A path of moderation makes suffering less likely
The key to enlightenment can be found in music
A life without pleasure is not worth living
101
Everyone sleeping through Siddhartha's departure from the palace is a metaphor for:
Human selfishness
Human exhaustion
Human apathy
Human ignorance
102
Nattaputta was a member of which caste?
Brahmin
Shudra
Kshatriya
Vaisya
103
Raja means
Tiger
Priest
King
Woman
104
Suttee refers to:
Ancient language brought to India by the Aryans
Practice of burning the widow on her husband's funeral pyre
A love seat
Nectar of the Gods
105
Sikhs recognize how many human Gurus?
10
4
12
8
106
Siddhartha was a member of what caste?
Merchants
Brahmin
Vaisya
Kshatryia
107
Epic poem about Ram, Sita, and Hanuman and their battle against the demon, Rwana
Bhagavad Gita
Ramayana
Mahabharata
Vedas
108
Avidya refers to:
Process/consequence of Brahman manifesting as the universe
Ignorance about the True Nature of Reality
Experiential understanding of the true nature of reality
An expensive hair treatment product
109
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Mahayana Buddhism?
Moved north and West out of India
Enlightened beings are known as arhats
Enlightened beings are known as Bodhisattvas
Culturally and philosophically diverse
110
The most basic definition of Karma in the Indian religions:
Pleasure
The endless cycle of birth, death, rebirth
The law that all actions produce consequences
A form of matter that adheres to the soul
111
Avatar refers to:
Stages of Life in Hinduism
A movie about aliens
Incarnation of a deity
Feminine force of the universe
112
Jainism originated in what part of India?
South, Sri Lanka
West, Gujarat
Northeast, Near Nepal
North Central, Punjab
113
Guru means
Student/Disciple
Enlightened/Awakened One
Teacher
Great Hero
114
The 3 primary vows of Jains are:
Faith, Hope, and Love
Compassion, Service, Truthfulness
Nonviolence, Truth, and NonStealing
Nonviolence, Generosity, and Curiosity
115
In Buddhism, "Dharma" refers to:
The teachings of the Tirthankara
Ethical responsibilities according to gender, caste, and age
The teachings of Manu
The teachings of the Buddha
116
The Fourth Noble Truth states:
To eliminate suffering, follow the 8fold path
To live is to experience suffering
Change the causes of suffering to eliminate it
Suffering is caused by obsessive cravings/ desire/ thirst
117
Krishna
Rescues Sita from Rwana
The son of Shiva and Parvati
is also known as the Monkey King
The most beloved of Vishnu's avatars
118
Sikh Scriptures are the only Sacred texts that teach that:
Karma is bad
All religions teach truths that lead to God
Jesus, Muhammad, and Buddha were brothers
God is a woman
119
When Nanak returned, his message was:
There is neither Muslim nor Hindu
There is neither Muslim nor Christian
There is neither Jew nor Greek
There is neither Hindu nor Buddhist
120
Nattaputta was the 24th of these exemplary beings in Jainism
Arhat
Tirthankara
Bodhisattva
Buddha
121
In Jainism, karma can be destroyed through:
Service to others
Meditation
Asceticism
Good deeds
122
Mahavira means
Teacher
Great Hero
The Awakened One
Student
123
Shunyata or "emptiness" refers to:
Nonviolence
Radical Interdependence
The Path of Moderation
Death
124
Vaisya refers to:
Merchants
Kings/Warriors
Priests/Teachers
Servants/Workers
125
Nirvana literally means:
To be numb
To be extinguished
To be saved
To be enlightened
126
The Great Departure is a reference to when Siddhartha:
Renounced his life as a prince
Achieved Enlightenment
Was exposed to the 4 sights
Was born
127
For jain monks and nuns, the most important virtue is:
Nonviolence
Honesty
Service
Moderation
128
Annica means:
Nonsoul/Soullessness
Radical Interdependence
Impermanence
Nonviolence
129
When Nanak was dying his followers began to argue about:
Whether it was acceptable to eat meat
Whether they could use violence to defend themselves
How to dispose of his body
Who would succeed him
130
Parvati, the Goddess of:
War
Good Fortune
Fertility
Music
131
In Theraveda Buddhism, an Enlightened being is known as a "saint" or:
Arhat
Bhagwan
Boddhisatva
Angel
132
Compared to other world religions, Sikhism is the:
4th largest
6th largest
5th largest
3rd largest
133
Ashoka contributed to the spread of Buddhism in all EXCEPT the following:
Convert or die campaigns throughout India and beyond
Sending Buddhist missionaries to other countries
Carved monuments with Buddhist teachings throughout India
Supporting Buddhist monks and nuns
134
The 5 K's are important to Sikhs because they are:
The 5 Core Teachings
The 5 sins
The 5 outward signs of Sikh identity
The 5 Core Virtues
135
In Jainism, Karma is uniquely understood to be:
A myth embraced by Hindus
A metaphor for causality
A form of matter trapping souls in physical form
A spiritual residue to acquire
136
In the late 1940's Sikhs were caught up in the migrations and violence caused by:
The Christian Crusades
Famine and climate change
The Partition of India and Pakistan
The Inquisition
137
Valued differently among the Indian Religions, Ahimsa refers to:
Liberation
Reincarnation
Impermanence
Noninjury to life
138
After being persecuted, Sikhs developed a:
Tendency towards isolation
Strategy for converting others
Thirst for Vengeance
Theology of self-defense
139
The 5 Jewels of Sikhism refers to:
5 diamonds that adorn the Thakht
5 sins that cause evil and suffering
5 symbolic reminders of Sikh identity
5 core virtues that defeat the 5 core sins
140
"Varnas" refers to:
"Colors" as in the caste system
"Wheel" as from Indra's Chariot
"To Polish" as in purify/perfect one's soul
"Incarnation" or physical manifestation of a deity
141
The ultimate goal for Sikhs is to:
Conform to God's will, receive God's grace, escape Samsara
Be reincarnated as a guru
Be reincarnated as a human
Eliminate karma and extinguish one's physical existence
142
The spoked wheel is a symbol of the 8fold path for ALL of the following EXCEPT:
The Buddha traveled by chariot
As we draw closer, we discover all the paths are related
Practice draws us closer to the center (Nirvana)
Practitioners can enter the path at any point
143
Gandhi referred to Untouchables as "Harijan" meaning "Children of... :
India
The Corn
God
Truth
144
In what part of India was Buddhism founded?
North Central, Punjab
West, Gujarat
Northeast, Border of Nepal
South, Sri Lanka
145
Buddhists take refuge in the Buddha because:
He performed miracles
He Conquered evil
He became a God
He showed people a path to overcoming suffering
146
Ancient epic poem about a feud between India's founding families:
Ramayana
Laws of Manu
Bhagavad Gita
Mahabharata
147
A Sikh place of worship is called a:
Temple
Gurdwara
Stupa
Mosque
148
Guru Nanak ensured a peaceful transition by:
Sharing a final meal with his followers
Baptizing all his followers
Telling them to diligently pursue their own salvation
Appointing his successor
149
Samsara refers to:
Language brought to India by the Indo-Europeans
Karmic baggage
The endless cycle of birth, death, rebirth
Incarnation of a deity
150
The Sanskrit term for matter is
Ajiva
Murti
Jiva
Maya