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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review :)
Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review :)
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High School Earth Science NCFE Review
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1
Which seismic wave is not able to travel through liquid material within Earth?
surface waves
p-waves
tidal waves
s-waves
2
What is the optimum climate for soil production and efficiency?
hot and dry
cold and wet
hot and wet
cold and dry
3
When water seeps into the cracks of rocks, freezes, and expands is called ___.
frost wedging
chemical weathering
erosion
bedload
4
A psychrometer is used to determine which weather variables?
air pressure and air temperature
percentage of cloud cover and cloud height
relative humidity and dewpoint
wind speed and wind direction
5
How does hydroelectric energy produce power?
flowing water spins turbines
splitting of atoms produces electricity
heat and steam within the earth produce electricity
tidal currents spin turbines
6
Which of the following consists of the four main agents of erosion?
water, wind, ice, gravity
water, wind, ice, pollution
water, ozone, heat, gravity
water, wind, heat, gravity
7
What is true about saltwater, as compared to fresh water?
it is warmer
it is colder
it is denser
it is less dense
8
Why is petroleum considered to be a non-renewable resource?
releases harmful chemicals when burned
difficult to obtain and transport
constantly forms within earth
requires a very long period to form
9
Which of the following contains a list of ALL renewable resources?
water, oil, plants, natural gas
coal, water, oil, animals
petroleum, minerals, oil, water
air, soil, minerals, plants
10
This rock is formed quickly on the
surface
of the Earth.
metamorphic
sedimentary
intrusive igneous
extrusive igneous
11
A disadvantage of using fossil fuels as an energy resource is ___.
burning fossil fuels is relatively simple
gases released during combustion can form acid rain
heat released during combustion can be used for electricity
produces large amounts of energy
12
What occurs when the Sun & Moon's gravity work together, in line, create super high/low tides?
roll tides
fall tides
spring tides
neap tides
13
What is responsible for continental drift?
earthquakes
tremors
convection currents
gravity shifting
14
What powers the water cycle?
ocean currents
rain and snow
earth's core
sun's energy
15
Over what geologic feature was Hawaii formed?
subduction zone
hot spot
focus
convergent boundary
16
The study of all interacting biotic and abiotic factors on Earth is a part of the ___.
atmosphere
hydrosphere
geosphere
biosphere
17
Amount of dissolved salt in water is called ___.
affinity
acidity
permeability
salinity
18
How does the Sun's energy reach Earth?
convection
radiation
rotation
conduction
19
Which type of volcano produces the most violet eruption and pyroclastic material?
shield
cinder cone
composite
20
This biome contains trees that lose its leaves, therefore enriching the topsoil.
savanna
temperature deciduous forest
temperature grassland
coniferous forest
21
How does energy from earthquakes travel?
as pulses
as sound
as seismic waves
as light
22
A large area characterized by its climate and plants and animals that live there is called a __
biome
community
organism
species
23
Which is the best method of how the atmosphere is warmed?
directly from the sun
by the ozone layer
by the ground, which receives energy from the sun
by the lack of clouds in an area
24
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a
mineral
?
naturally occurring
solid
definite chemical composition
organic
25
Which of the following does NOT make up soil?
decayed organic material
water
air
earthworms
26
The most biologically diverse biome, yet has poor soil is the ___.
taiga
tundra
temperature grassland
tropical rainforest
27
Which of the following processes will decrease salinity?
evaporation
rich runoff from land
precipitation
ocean water freezing
28
Which soil texture has the smallest particle size?
sand
gravel
silt
clay
29
Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a biome?
insect species
average temperature
trees
mosses and algae
30
What is formed at a divergent oceanic-oceanic boundary?
volcanic island arc
subduction zone
trench
new ocean crust
31
The exact spot on the surface where an earthquake is the most intense is know as the ___.
focus
epicenter
fault
danger spot
32
What is most responsible for the seasons on Earth?
earth's revolution around sun
earth's tilt
earth's distance from sun
earth's rotation
33
What happens most often at divergent boundaries?
volcanoes
mid-ocean ridges
subduction
earthquakes
34
What is the curving of the path of winds due to the Earth's rotation called?
doldrums
coriolis effect
greenhouse effect
doppler effect
35
What is one advantage of wind energy?
expensive to install equipment
noise pollution
generates abundant electricity
large open land is required
36
What do we call the edges of land next to oceans?
mountains
coasts
plains
volcanoes
37
Which part of the hydrologic (water) cycle is working against gravity?
condensation
precipitation
infiltration
evaporation
38
What is used to help map the features of the ocean floor?
nightvision
global positioning system
sonar
infrared
39
Has organisms with special adaptations to a hot, dry climate.
desert
tundra
steppe
coniferous forest
40
What percent of Earth's water is potable(fresh)?
72%
3%
10%
97%
41
Which type of wind system is found between 0 and 30 degrees north latitude?
easterlies
doldrums
trade winds
prevailing westerlies
42
Which of the following is considered a renewable energy source?
oil
natural gas
coal
geothermal
43
What are the two major sources of energy that power the Earth?
sun and earth's core
rock cycle and water cycle
water cycle and sun
earth's core and rock cycle
44
Non-renewable resources formed from buried remains of plants and animals that live long ago.
natural gas and wood
coal and oil
natural gas and oil
water and wood
45
What does transpiration mean?
abundance of oxygen
evaporation from vegetation
evaporation from ocean
water infiltration
46
Which is NOT an agent of chemical weathering?
oxygen
water
wind
carbon dioxide
47
At what point is the Earth farthest from the Sun?
perigee
aphelion
apogee
perihelion
48
Cold, dry air is associated with which type of air mass?
maritime polar
continental polar
continental tropical
maritime tropical
49
Which model states that the sun is in the center?
heliocentric
greenhouse effect
solar energy
doppler effect
50
What is the most likely air mass system coming from Canada?
cT
cP
mT
mP
51
What is true about land, as compared to water?
it cools down slower
it heats up slower
it is warmer at night
it heats up quicker
52
What two atmospheric layers will have an increase in air temperature?
troposphere/stratosphere
thermosphere/mesosphere
stratosphere/mesosphere
stratosphere/thermosphere
53
Which of the following is a result of physical/mechanical weathering?
acidic groundwater
karst topography
iron rusting
sand dunes
54
What gas makes up most of the atmosphere on Earth?
carbon dioxide
oxygen
argon
nitrogen
55
In the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds around the center of a hurricane move ___.
clockwise and inward
clockwise and outward
counterclockwise and inward
counterclockwise and outward
56
What type of cloud can become a "super cell" producing large thunderstorms?
cumulus
stratos
cirrus
cumulonimbus
57
This shoreline feature stretches across a bay, closing it off from the ocean.
spit
barrier island
tombolo
baymouth bar
58
The number and variety of organisms in a given area at a specific period of time is called ___.
ecosystem
habitat
biome
biodiversity
59
Which activity would be part of a logical plan for people to manage energy resources at home?
installing recycling centers
turn off all lights that are not in use
drive below speed limit to save gas
burn trash instead of putting it out for pickup
60
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a material is called ___.
isobars
coriolis effect
specific heat
temperature inversion
61
What do we call water that contains elements of both freshwater and saltwater?
saltyfresh
brownish
brackish
62
A stream that is difficult to see-through is said to have high ____.
turbidity
solution
biodiversity
accidification
63
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling air pressure?
humidity is decreasing
skies are clearing
storm is approaching
temperature is decreasing
64
A cold air mass overtaking a warm air mass and replacing it is called a ____.
cold front
occluded front
warm front
stationary front
65
The length of the day is based on ___.
moon orbiting the earth
rotation of earth on its axis
earth orbiting the sun
rotation of moon on its axis
66
Which of the following is not considered a greenhouse gas?
methane
carbon dioxide
chlorine
water vapor
67
What are rock and soil deposited by streams called?
stalagmites
sediment
sinkholes
aquifer
68
Where are the wind speeds the fastest within a hurricane?
eyewall
top of the hurricane
eye
bottom of the hurricane
69
Runoff containing pesticides and fertilizer from neighborhood lawns is called ___.
non-point source pollution
point-source pollution
fertilizer pollution
runoff pollution
70
at what point in earth's revolution is it moving the fastest?
aphelion
perihelion
apogee
perigee
71
A ___ front brings fair to good weather.
cold front
stationary front
occluded front
warm front
72
On what day is the Earth at Perihelion?
spring equinox
winter solstice
autumnal equinox
summer solstice
73
What is the outermost layer of the Earth?
asthenosphere
mantle
crust
lithosphere
74
Global circular-moving surface currents are called ___.
waves
currents
gyres
tides
75
Which of the following refers to the area of land where all of the water drains?
stream load
watershed
channel
water table
76
The water table is found at the boundary between ___.
zones of delta and alluvial fan
zone of saturation and percolation
zone of aeration and saturation
zone of aeration and delta
77
Resources that exist in limited amounts or is used faster than it is replaced are called ___.
conservation
preservation
renewable resources
non-renewable resources
78
This rock is composed of other types of rocks that is subjected to high pressure and heat.
intrusive igneous
sedimentary
extrusive igneous
metamorphic
79
What has the greatest influence on Earth's tides?
earth's core
moon
sun
earth's rotation
80
What is the change in orientation of our poles, shifting the seasons?
perihelion
precession
barycenter
nutation
81
Which two processes lead to cloud formation in rising air?
compressing and cooling
compressing and warming
expanding and warming
expanding and cooling
82
Large materials, such as gravel, that are carried along the bottom of a stream are called ___.
dissolved load
solution
bed load
suspension
83
Which layer of the atmosphere is responsible for most weather and climate on Earth?
thermosphere
mesosphere
stratosphere
troposphere
84
What are the three main plate boundaries?
transform, divergent, reverse
transform, convergent, strikeslip
transform, convergent, divergent
convergent, strikeslip, normal