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Oceanography Geology Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Oceanography Geology Review
Oceanography Geology Review
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1
The difference in elevation between the continents and the oceans is due to ________.
differences in weight
Differences in Gravity
Differences in density
2
What is the earth's most prominent feature?
Ocean basins
Continental margins
all of the above
Mid-ocean ridge system
3
What is one advantage of Satellite Altimetry?
Can measure sea level surface
uses a full 121 beams for accurate deep information
Measures the isostatic equilibrium in the ocean crust
none of the above
4
Evidence that Alfred Wegener used to support his theory of continental drift included ____.
The shape of the continents
All of the above
alternating rock crystals
seafloor spreading
5
The new technology of ___ allowed us to map the ocean floor fafter World War II.
Computers
Sonar
The space station
6
A ___ forms at convergent boundaries where one plate sinks under another (subduction zone)
trench
guyot
hot spot
mid-ocean ridge
7
How are island arcs formed?
islands formed by hot spots from the ocean floor
2 oceanic plates meet & 1 subducts under another
2 continental plates meet & 1 subducts under another
1 ocean plate meets 1 continent plate & 1 subducts under
8
Seafloor spreading says that new crust is created at ____ & destroyed at_____.
Trenches, rift valleys
Rift valleys, trenches
Rift valleys, mid-ocean ridges
9
The discover and study of the ocean floor is called:
all of the above
Sattelite Altimetry
Bathymetry
Geophysics
10
The process/es of _________ have shaped the continental margins.
sediment deposition
erosion
plate tectonics
all of the above
11
Passive margins are characterized by _________.
A deep-sea trench
Volcanic mountain chains
A continental shelf, slope, and rise
12
The continental rise is the:
transition from continental shelf to the continental slope.
accumulated sediment at the base of the continental slope.
the shallow, submerged edge of the continent
transition from a continental shelf & the deep-ocean floor.
13
The continental crust floats higher in the asthenosphere than the oceanic crust due to ___
all of the above
Density
Isostatic Equilibrium
Subduction
14
_____ is a tectonic boundary where two crustal plate move together.
Convergent boundary
Gyuot
Hot Spot Island
Subduction zone
15
Evidence used to support the theory of plate tectonics includes ______.
The shape of the continents
All of the above
Coal deposits in Antarctica
therecord of magnetic reversals in seafloor rocks
16
As ocean crust hardens at rift valleys, iron crystals align themselves with ________.
Gravity
The direction of the mid-ocean ridge
The ocean currents
Earth’s magnetic field
17
Pangea is _________________.
none of the above
The theorized ancient global ocean
The theorized ancient super continent
The Greek name for Earth
18
The pacific ocean has primarily a/n _____ margin
passive
active
19
Isostatic equilibrium is the balance between weight of the land & buoyancy of the mantle.
True
False
20
The __ is the solid outer layer of Earth composed of the crust and upper mantle.
asthenosphere
mesosphere
all of the above
lithosphere
21
Hydrothermal vents are places where:
Sites with magma coming up from trenches
Sites with superheated water coming up from trenches
Sites with superheated water coming through fissures
Sites with magma coming through fissures
22
A mid-ocean ridge is an example of a/n _________ margin.
Passive
Active
23
Guyots are flat-topped, extinct volcanoes created by _________.
Earthquakes
Weathering and erosion
Under water drilling
The formation of coral reefs
24
The asthenosphere is the ___________ layer of the mantle below the lithosphere.
solid
plastic
liquid
25
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of a __
none of the above
subduction zone
Convergent boundary
divergent boundary
26
The lithosphere is _________.
The solid uppermost portion of the crust and the mantle
Another name for the crust
The solid upper most portion of the mantle
27
Submarine canyons are formed by ___________
turbidity currents
convergent boundaries
plate movement
sea floor spreading
28
One method scientists use to study Earth’s interior is __________.
Measuring the density of the crust
Differences in gravity
Studying the speed of seismic waves
Deep-core drilling
29
The ____ is central area of a mid-ocean ridge- magma erupts & hardens into new crust.
rift valley
hot spot island
mountain
trench
30
The ocean floor can be divided into 2 regions
Oceanic margins and mid-ocean ridges
continental margins and mid-ocean ridges
continental margins and deep ocean basins
continental and oceanic margins
31
______ says that the lithosphere is broken into plates that move due to mantle convection.
Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics
All of the above
Sea floor spreading
32
Which would you expect to find in deep ocean basins?
Abyssal Plain
Oceanic Ridges
Hydrothermal Vents
All of the above
33
Continents are underlain by:
Quartz
Sand
Granite
Basalt
34
Hawaii has been formed by:
a subduction zone
a hot spot
weathering and erosion
Bathymetry
35
The __________ makes up the largest area of the seafloor.
Continental shelf
Mid-ocean ridges
Abyssal plains
36
A/n __________ is an active volcano that’s summit has grown higher than sea level.
Continent
Guyot
Seamount
Volcanic Island
37
Underwater canyons are common only at ___________ margins.
Passive
Active
