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Modules 9-13 Review
Modules 9-13 Review
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AP Psych., Unit 3 Biological Bases of Behavior
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Questions
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Answers
1
George can move his hand to sign a document because the___, located in the ___ lobe of the brain, allows him to activate
the proper muscles. somatosensory cortex; temporal
the proper muscles. motor cortex; frontal
the proper muscles. motor cortex; parietal
the proper muscles. somatosensory cortex; parietal
2
Which branch of the nervous system calms a person?
central nervous system
parasympathetic
somatic
endocrine
3
a fatty tissue layer that enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one node to the next
terminal branches
cell body
myelin sheath
dendrites
4
Which of the following senses does not send neural messages through the thalamus?
taste
smell
hearing
sight
5
the cell's life-support center; contains the nucleus
myelin sheath
dendrite
cell body
axon
6
The most noticeable difference between human brains and other mammalian brains is the size of the
auditory cortex.
association areas.
visual cortex.
glial cells.
7
Jon undergoes an MRI and his doctor discovers a tumor in the left hemisphere. Which of the following may be impacted?
Jon's ability to speak.
Jon's perceptual abilities.
Jon's understanding of "sense of self."
Jon's ability to understand subtleties and inferences in poetry.
8
parathyroid regulates level of sugar in the blood
true
false
9
amygdala plays a role in emotion
true
false
10
Multiple sclerosis is a result of degeneration in the
myelin sheath.
axon.
dendrite.
neuron.
11
Which of the following is most likely to be a function of the left hemisphere?
identifying emotion in other people's faces
making inferences
identifying one's sense of self
speech
12
A split-brain patient has a picture of a dog flashed to his right hemisphere & a cat to his left hemisphere. He will be
able to identify the cat using his right hand.
able to identify the cat using either hand.
able to identify the dog using his right hand.
able to identify the dog using either hand.
13
The dual-processing model refers to which of the following ideas?
the brain first processes emotional information & then analytical info.
each lobe of the brain processes incoming information
the right & left hemispheres of the brain both process incoming messages
incoming information is processed by both conscious & unconscious tracks
14
Junita does not feel like getting out of bed, has lost her appetite, and feels tired for most of the day.
Which neurotransmitters likely is in short supply? Acetylcholine
Which neurotransmitters likely is in short supply? Serotonin
Which neurotransmitters likely is in short supply? Dopamine
Which neurotransmitters likely is in short supply? Glutamate
15
when sympathetic nervous system is stimulated, the pupil of the eye
contracts
dilates
16
A threshold is the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
true
false
17
forms junctions with other cells; contain the vessicles with neurotransmitters
myelin sheath
axon
dendrite
terminal branches
18
when sympathetic nervous system is stimulated, the heart rate
decelerates
accelerates
19
In Gazzaniga's classic "HEART" experiment with split-brain patients, he found that patients were able to
use either hand to point to both the frog and the football.
use their left hand to point to a picture of a football.
use their left hand to point to a picture of a frog.
verbally experss the word "FROG."
20
left hemisphere functions: reading, writing, speaking, certain arithmetic reasoning / calculating
true
false
21
In order to reduce or eliminate epileptic seizures in patients, surgeons Philip Vogel and Joseph Bogen severed
the cerebellum.
the limbic system.
the amygdala.
the corpus callosum.
22
the body's ultimate control and processing center that covers the cerebral hemispheres
glial cells
somatosensory cortex
cerebral cortex
motor cortex
23
Which of the following brain areas is responsible for regulating thirst?
reticular activating system
brainstem
hippocampus
hypothalamus
24
Which neurotransmitter inhibits CNS activity in order to calm a person down during stressful situations?
Dopamine
Serotonin
GABA
Norepinephrine
25
When there is a negative charge inside an axon and a positive charge outside it, the neuron is
not in the refractory period.
in the process of reuptake.
depolarizing.
said to have a resting potential.
26
Damage to which of the following could interfere with the ability to plan for the future?
parietal lobe
temporal lobe
frontal lobe
occipital lobe
27
Morphine elevates mood and eases pain, and is most similar to which of the following?
Endorphins
Dopamine
Serotonin
GABA
28
passes messages to other neurons or to muscles or glands
myelin sheath
dendrites
axon
terminal branches
29
fMRI reveals brain functioning as well as structure
false
true
30
Stimulation at a point on which of the following may cause a person to report being touched on the knee?
thalamus
cerebellum
motor cortex
somatosensory cortex
31
molecule similar to a neurotransmitter that triggers a response
agonist
antagonist
32
Hormones are ____ released into the ____.
electrical messengers; bloodstream
chemical messengers; synapse
chemicals messengers; bloodstream
neurons; neurotransmitters
33
right hemisphere functions: perceptual tasks, making inferences, modulating speech, orchestrating our sense of self
false
true
34
Identify the correct brain structure-function pairing.
amygdala: thirst, sex, and hunger
medulla: breathing and heart rate
cerebellum: conscious memories
pons: aggression and fear
35
the brain's ability to reorganize after damage or build new pathways based on experience
neurogenesis
plasticity
36
Which of the following endocrine glands may explain unusually tall height in a 12-year-old?
Adrenal
Parathyroid
Pancreas
Pituitary
37
Reuptake is a neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron.
false
true
38
receives messages and conducts impulses toward the cell body
axon
terminal branches
myelin sheath
dendrite
39
Interneurons are said to
transmit and process information within the brain and spinal cord.
send messages from specific body parts to the brain.
act as connectors, supporting other neurons in the brain.
send messages from the brain to body parts.
40
Phrenology has been discredited, but which of the following ideas has its origins in phrenology?
brain function localization
brain lateralization
belief that the mind pumps warmth and vitality into the body
brain cavities contributing to sense of humor
41
Cognitive neural prosthetics are placed in the brain to help control parts of the
motor cortex.
auditory cortex.
parietal lobe.
visual cortex.
42
Epinephrine and norepinephrine increase energy and are released by the
hypothalamus.
thalamus.
thyroid glands.
adrenal glands.
43
Neurotransmitters cross the _____ to carry information to the next neuron.
cell body
synaptic gap
axon
myelin sheath
44
Which of the following carries the information necessary to activate withdrawal of the hand from a hot object?
interneuron
reflex
motor neuron
sensory neuron
45
What neurotransmitters are most likely in undersupply in someone who is depressed?
ACh and norepinephrine
Serotonin and norepinephrine
Dopamine and norepinephrine
Serotonin and glutamate
46
Which division of the nervous system produces the startle response?
autonomic
central
parasympathetic
sympathetic
47
adrenal glands trigger the fight-or-flight response
false
true
48
Which of the following scanning techniques measures glucose consumption as an indicator of brain activity?
MRI
fMRI
EEG
PET
49
What part of the brain triggers the release of adrenaline to boost heart rate when you're afraid?
hippocampus
medulla
amygdala
thalamus
50
opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control
neuron
endorphins
agonist
antagonist
51
In general, damage to ___ disrupts speaking, while damage to ___ disrupts understanding of language.
the temporal lobe; the occipital lobe
Wernicke's area; Broca's area
Broca's area; Wernicke's area
the occipital lobe; the temporal lobe
52
The hypothalamus is a(n) ____ center for the brain.
reward
positioning
balance
memory
53
A gymnast falls and hits her head on the floor. She attempts to continue practicing, but has trouble with balance. What
part of her brain has probably been affected? reticular formation
part of her brain has probably been affected? amygdala
part of her brain has probably been affected? brainstem
part of her brain has probably been affected? cerebellum
54
Computer-enhanced x-rays used to create brain images are known as
computed tomography scans.
magnetic resonance images.
functional magnetic resonance images.
position emission tomography scans.
55
neural reaction of either firing or not firing
all-or-none response
action potential
reuptake
refractory period
56
Which of the following is sometimes referred to as the brain's train hub because it directs incoming sensory messages
(with exception of smell) to their proper places in the brain? pituitary
(with exception of smell) to their proper places in the brain? cerebellum
(with exception of smell) to their proper places in the brain? thalamus
(with exception of smell) to their proper places in the brain? limbic
57
Which of the following communicates with the pituitary, which in turn controls the endocrine system?
Hypothalamus
parathyroids
spinal cord
pancreas
58
Which of the following's primary function is processing memories?
corpus callosum
cerebral cortex
hypothalamus
hippocampus
59
when parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated, the stomach
stimulates digestion
inhibits digestion
