How does a Hindu follow their dharma?

honesty, self-control, nonviolence, and performing their job well

Why is Ashoka considered an important figure in world history?

He stopped warring and encouraged the spread of Buddhism

What are the living conditions of Dalits in India today?

government banned untouchability, but there is still discrimination

How did the subcontinent affect civilization in ancient India?

it was surrounded by natural barriers, which separated it from others

Why were the monsoons important in the lives of the ancient Indians?

They brought heavy rain for agriculture, but also could lead to floods.

What is the ultimate life goal for a person who practices Hinduism?

Recognize that life is an illusion and reunite the atman with Brahman.

Why are Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva important gods in Hinduism?

They represent creation, preservation, and destruction.

Why did the Buddha leave his family and home at the age of 29?

He searched for the answers on how to end pain and suffering among people.

Why were Dalits called “Untouchables” by other castes over the course of Indian history?

they were dirty and impure because they sinned in their past lives.

Why do historians have many questions about the history of the Indus Valley Civilization?

The writing system cannot be translated today.

List the eras of ancient Indian history in chronological order.

Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Period, Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire

A job assigned to a person at birth based on their family’s line of work.

What are the four varnas in India’s social hierarchy?

Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaisya, Sudra

According to Buddhist tradition, how did the Buddha reach enlightenment?

He meditated under a fig tree for several weeks.

Why is Chandragupta Maurya considered an important figure in world history?

united nearly all of India & formed the first empire

How did the caste system eventually restrict Indians’ freedoms over the course of history?

limited people’s choices in marriage, friendship, education, & jobs

What jobs were Dalits expected to do within India’s social hierarchy?

Dalits collected garbage, swept streets, and disposed of dead animals.

What was a major achievement of the Indus Valley Civilization?

They created cities in grid patterns with drainage systems

What similarity in the geography of India, Egypt, and Mesopotamia allowedthem to support large populations?

They were all located near rivers.

Why were many ancient Indians motivated to complete the duties of their varnas?

They would increase their chances of escaping reincarnation.

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India Test Review

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Questions 34

Answers

1
How does a Hindu follow their dharma?
prioritizing their own interests over others'.
pursuing personal desires without restriction.
honesty, self-control, nonviolence, and performing their job well
Hindus follow their dharma by renouncing all worldly possessions.
2
Which civilization lived alongside the Indus River and built the ancient cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro?
Egyptian Civilization
Indus Valley Civilization
Mesopotamian Civilization
Aryan Civilization
3
Who is the popular Hindu god of new beginnings and the remover of obstacles that also has the head of an elephant?
Ganesha
Saraswati
Lakshmi
Krishna
4
Why is Ashoka considered an important figure in world history?
He stopped warring and encouraged the spread of Buddhism
He was a ruthless dictator who oppressed his people.
He was a philosopher king who revolutionized education.
He was a great military strategist who conquered most of Asia.
5
What are the living conditions of Dalits in India today?
Dalits now enjoy equal rights and privileges compared to other castes.
government banned untouchability, but there is still discrimination
They are completely integrated into Indian society with no social barriers.
They are no longer discriminated against and have become the ruling class.
6
How did the subcontinent affect civilization in ancient India?
The subcontinent's isolation prevented any external influence.
The subcontinent's flat terrain made it easy for invaders to conquer.
India's proximity to other civilizations led to constant conflicts.
it was surrounded by natural barriers, which separated it from others
7
Why were the monsoons important in the lives of the ancient Indians?
They brought heavy rain for agriculture, but also could lead to floods.
The monsoons brought little rainfall, making agriculture difficult.
The monsoons only affected coastal regions, not the entire subcontinent.
The monsoons provided cool weather for leisure activities.
8
What is the ultimate life goal for a person who practices Hinduism?
Achieve material wealth and power.
Recognize that life is an illusion and reunite the atman with Brahman.
Attain physical immortality.
Lead a life of celibacy and isolation.
9
Why are Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva important gods in Hinduism?
They control the weather.
They represent creation, preservation, and destruction.
They are guardians of the afterlife.
They are historical figures who led ancient Indian tribes.
10
Buddhists who follow the Middle Way find a balance between which two lifestyles?
Austerity & extravagance
Asceticism & indulgence
Poverty & wealth
Solitude & socialization
11
Why did the Buddha leave his family and home at the age of 29?
He searched for the answers on how to end pain and suffering among people.
He was forced into military service.
He was exiled by his family for his radical beliefs.
He sought adventure and exploration.
12
What religion practices nontheism and its followers are committed to values such as nonviolence and vegetarianism?
Sikhism
Jainism
Buddhism
Hinduism
13
Why were Dalits called “Untouchables” by other castes over the course of Indian history?
Dalits were actually revered as spiritual leaders and healers.
they were dirty and impure because they sinned in their past lives.
Dalits were considered elite members of society.
They were believed to possess supernatural powers
14
What is the invisible energy, force, or spirit that created the universe and is a part of everyone?
Karma
Brahman
Atman
Dharma
15
Why do historians have many questions about the history of the Indus Valley Civilization?
The artifacts found don'tmatch with what is known about Indian culture.
The Indus Valley Civilization was a myth created by later civilizations.
There are no archaeological remains of the Indus Valley Civilization.
The writing system cannot be translated today.
16
List the eras of ancient Indian history in chronological order.
Gupta Empire, Mauryan Empire, Vedic Period, Indus Valley Civilization
Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Period, Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire
Vedic Period, Gupta Empire, Indus Valley Civilization, Mauryan Empire
Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire, Vedic Period, Indus Valley Civilization
17
What is the meaning of the name “Buddha?”
Great Teacher
Enlightened One
Divine Being
Warrior Prince
18
Who was the founder of Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama
Mahavira
Confucius
Laozi
19
What was a jati?
A job assigned to a person at birth based on their family’s line of work.
A traditional Indian dance.
A type of religious pilgrimage.
A method of meditation.
20
Which body of water, besides typical uses such as irrigation and trade, was also a sacred site in Hinduism?
Ganges River
Yamuna River
Brahmaputra River
Godavari River
21
Which group from ancient India is responsible for developing the varnas that would later evolve into the caste system?
Harappan Civilization
Mughal Civilization
Indo-Aryan Civilization
Dravidian Civilization
22
What are the four varnas in India’s social hierarchy?
Priest, Soldier, Merchant, Peasant
King, Noble, Trader, Laborer
Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaisya, Sudra
Ruler, Warrior, Merchant, Worker
23
According to Buddhist tradition, how did the Buddha reach enlightenment?
He received divine revelation from the gods.
He discovered enlightenment while traveling the world.
He meditated under a fig tree for several weeks.
He achieved enlightenment through rigorous physical training.
24
Why is Chandragupta Maurya considered an important figure in world history?
united nearly all of India & formed the first empire
He was a philosopher king who revolutionized education.
He was a ruthless dictator who oppressed his people.
He was a great military strategist who conquered most of Asia.
25
In what texts did Hindu scholars talk about the Vedas and the main ideas of Hinduism?
Rigveda
Ramayana
Mahabharata
Upanishads
26
How did the caste system eventually restrict Indians’ freedoms over the course of history?
The caste system encouraged diversity and multiculturalism.
The caste system ensured equality and fairness for all individuals.
limited people’s choices in marriage, friendship, education, & jobs
The caste system promoted social mobility and upward mobility.
27
The Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Bhagavad-Gita are all famous examples of what type of Indian achievement?
Religion
Architecture
Literature
Warfare
28
Which of the following images shows an example of Sanskrit?
Choice D
Choice C
Choice A
Choice B
29
What jobs were Dalits expected to do within India’s social hierarchy?
Dalits were wealthy landowners and traders.
Dalits collected garbage, swept streets, and disposed of dead animals.
Dalits were powerful political leaders and administrators.
Dalits were respected scholars and teachers.
30
What was a major achievement of the Indus Valley Civilization?
They built massive pyramids for religious ceremonies.
They constructed intricate canal systems for irrigation.
They developed advanced agricultural techniques.
They created cities in grid patterns with drainage systems
31
What similarity in the geography of India, Egypt, and Mesopotamia allowedthem to support large populations?
They were all located near rivers.
They were all located near mountains.
They were all located near oceans.
They were all located near deserts.
32
What type of government existed in the Indus Valley Civilization?
We don't know
Monarchy
Republic
Theocracy
33
Why were many ancient Indians motivated to complete the duties of their varnas?
They wanted to achieve a higher social status.
They would increase their chances of escaping reincarnation.
They were forced to by the ruling elite.
They believed it would bring them material wealth and power.
34
Who ruled ancient India that promoted the arts, sciences, & Hinduism while expanding the territory of the Gupta Empire?
Harsha Vardhana
Ashoka
Chandragupta Maurya
Chandra Gupta II

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