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Final Review - AP Human Geography Flashcards | StudBud
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Final Review - AP Human Geography
Final Review - AP Human Geography
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1
Which of the following most accurately describes the Human Development Index (HDI)
composite of life expectancy, pollution, infrastructure
composite of per capita income, education, infrastructure
composite of per capita income, infrastructure, corruption
composite of life expectancy, education, per capita income
2
According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would be typically located
next to an airport
next to raw materials
in a city
next to a shipping port
3
One of the most important foundations a country needs is infrastructure. Which is NOT an ex.
Electric power grids
water and sewer systems
Education systems
churches and religious institutions
4
Last 20 yrs, many industries have moved to the southern US. All of these are factors EXCEPT
Southern states are 'right to work'
Development of new ports
Government incentives
Lower wage structure
5
The practice of shifting cultivation would most likely be found where?
Afghanistan
Peru
Germany
United States
6
Which of the descriptions most accurately captures the process of globalization?
loss of interconnectedness between places
acceleration of interdependence across national borders
spread of cultural homogeneity/loss of local distinctiveness
decline of communications technologies
7
The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was
India
China
United States
Northern England & Southern Scotland
8
Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the Von Thunen Model of rural land use?
Farmers act under a profit-driven mindset
The city was completely surrounded by water
The soil quality changed for each ring
Arid climates dominated the outer rings
9
Drawing of internal political districts to benefit a political party
Blockbusting
Gerrymandering
Redlining
Stacked voting
10
Demographic Transition Model uses 3 stats. when analyzing pop. trends: which one is NOT used
age - sex rations
birth rates
total population growth
death rates
11
In Von Thunen, which is the correct order of ag land use traveling outward from market center?
Wheat, livestock, milk
Vegetables, forest, milk
Livestock, milk, wheat
Milk, forest, wheat
12
Which order follows the Concentric Zone Model pattern from inner ring to the outer ring?
CBD, Working Class, Mixed Use, Commuters
CBD,zone of transition,working class, middle class,commuters
CBD, Mixed Use, New Development, suburban CBD
Mixed residential, middle class, CBD, commuters
13
Which of the following explains why as countries develop, fewer work in this economic sector
secondary, developed countries send manufacturing overseas
primary, country's resources being used up as it develops
tertiary, the need for services is greater in poor countries
primary, because technology makes these jobs more efficient
14
a rectangular pop. pyramid tells you that the population of that country is -
falling slightly, but mostly staying steady
growing rapidly
falling rapidly
growing slightly, but staying mostly steady
15
All of the following statements are criticisms of suburban sprawl in the US EXCEPT:
it reduces commute times
it is a tax burden from increased infrastructure costs
it contributes to the destruction of prime agricultural land
it creates higher energy costs
16
____ encompasses the numerous goods and services that are a part of the agriculture business
Bioengineering
Genetically modified organisms
Subsistence farming
Agribusiness
17
World Systems Theory- Core countries dominate the world today due to past
colonization
military power
industrialization
urbanization
18
What might the USDA say about the size of farms in the United States today?
farms in the US are bigger and number of farms is increasing
Farms in the US are fewer in number and bigger in size
total farmland in the US is decreasing
total farmland in the US is increasing
19
What language theory explains lang. from Caucasus around Caspian Sea into Iran, India & Europe
Organic Theory
Agriculture Theory
Conquest Theory
Greenberg's Hypothesis
20
What are the laws enacted to combat suburban sprawl called?
Smart growth
Zoning ordinances
Urban renewal
Community Reinvestment Act
21
Which industry locates close to the market to minimize transportation cost of heavy products
weight reducing industries
tertiary industries
primary industries
weight gaining industries
22
The Industrial Rev is credited as the principal cause of pop growth at which stage of the DTM?
Stage 3
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 4
23
Which statement is the MOST accurate when describing universalizing religions?
They have been practiced throughout human history
They appeal to one specific group of people
They are practiced in many regions of the world
They are located in one specific place
24
In Weber's Least Cost Theory, where would the best location of a paper mill in Portland, Oregon
Near the port in Portland
Within the central business district in Portland
Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area
Close to the other industrial areas in Portland
25
Doubling time is -
time it takes for pop. to double if growth remains constant
dependent on patterns of immigration and emigration
crude birth rate - crude death rate (per 1000)
crude death rate - crude birth rate (per 1000)
26
Which info would be useful in determining which stage a country would be in on the DTM?
literacy rate
GDP per capita
total fertility rate
infant mortality rate
27
Some believe a 5th phase should be added to DTM to reflect -
impact of emigration on declining populations in LDCs
rapid growth of some countries in Africa and South Asia
impact of immigration on growth of MDCs
declining population in some developed countries
28
Based on the theory of distance decay, a resident of London is MOST likely to migrate to ...
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Johannesburg, South Africa
Paris, France
Shanghai, China
29
Forced sterilization, infanticide, and state sponsored contraceptives are all examples of
strict natalism
pro-natalism
anti-natalism
liberal natalism
30
Food preferences reveal culture. Hindus don't eat ___, Muslims don't eat ___.
pork; shrimp
beef; pork
pork; beef
chicken; beef
31
The concept of outsourcing is becoming more important. All of these are characteristics EXCEPT
typical examples are customer call centers
cheaper labor costs
allows for 24 hour work day
typical practice of transnational corporations
32
Ethnic religions tend to be found near their hearth. Which religion is NOT typical of this?
Hinduism
Judaism
Buddhism
Shintoism
33
As textile manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs
factory located near large market areas
factory close to raw materials
factory located in areas with cheap transportation routes
factory located in an area with inexpensive labor cost
34
Which stage of the DTM features a high birth rate, high death rate, and low pop. growth?
Stage I
Stage III
Stage II
Stage IV
35
According to classic bid-rent curve, what happens to land value as it gets closer to the city?
land gets more affordable in the outer rings
land gets used extensively for transportation services
land gets more expensive closer to the city
land gets more affordable along busy streets
36
An example of a weight reducing industry would be
Furniture
Sailboats
Copper
Automobiles
37
Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term?
loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health standards
loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand
loan to build a k-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan
loan to help start a rice farm in China that employs women
38
What happens in Stage 2 of the DTM?
CBR drops significantly, as crude death rate lags
total population growth stabilizes
CBR fand CDR change proportionally
CDR drops significantly, as crude birth rate lags
39
What trend in today's global industrial distribution does the political cartoon depict?
return of Chinese & Indian factories back to their countries
Trade laws banning India & China from investing in the US
Chinese & Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs
Outsourcing/offshoring of US factories & jobs to China/India
40
Friction of distance can serve as a centrifugal force. To combat this, a govt. would fund ...
a non-governmental org to address religious differences
new street signs in multiple languages
a educational campaign to address uneven development
a high speed railway
41
Which is NOT a characteristic of popular culture as defined by human geographers?
It is media driven
It is typically found in remote regions
It includes traits that change often
It is widespread
42
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of ethnicity?
biological characteristics of a group of people
people with common cultural/nationalistic traditions
feeling of nationalism within a group of people
group of people with common language
43
This image represents
ethnic exclave
ethnic segregation
ethnic separatism
ethnic enclave
44
Which of these has contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years?
rise in the price of petroleum and gold
increase in maize and other vegetable exports
increase in American and international tourism
NAFTA and maquiladoras
45
in Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is determined by what factor?
the minimum number of people to support a service
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
the market area of a service
46
What term do geographers use to refer to place names?
Symbols
Acculturation
Toponyms
Assimilation
47
Which theorist believed that pandemics are a good thing because they limit pop. growth?
Von Thunen
Esther Boserup
Thomas Malthus
Karl Marx
48
The process in which wealthy people move into formerly poor neighborhoods is what process?
Block busting
White flight
Urbanization
Gentrification
49
To support a prosperous econ, places need rds, bldgs, power, sewage, water. These are exs of
Infrastructure
Ecumene
Demographics
Density
50
_____ are people who have left their residence out of fear but have not left their own country.
asylum seekers
undocumented immigrants
internationally displaced persons
refugees
51
To participate in international trade, a country must id the assets it can provide. This is
Comparative advantage
Supranationalism
Least cost Theory
Commodification
52
US immigration policy gives priority to immigrants w/ US family. That promotes
transnational migration
internal migration
chain migration
step migration
53
Which of the following in NOT a likely government response to an aging population?
decreasing taxes on the workforce
increasing taxes to pay for pensions
providing jobs for people over 65 to get work
raising the retirement age
54
What do the UN, NATO, EU, ASEAN, and NAFTA have in common?
they are all supranational organizations
they are all military alliances
they are all multinational corporations
they are all non-governmental organizations
55
Fundamental principle of the Sector Model is based on what?
Development is based on locations of businesses
Development is centered around transportation routes
Development is structured among the CBD
Development is based on amenities
56
Which is an example of hierarchical diffusion?
Buddhist ideology spreading through the Indian subcontinent
The spread of ideas on the world wide web
Influenza spreading throughout South America
Hip-hop spreading from inner cities to suburbs in the US
57
Form of govt which exists when states have division of varying degrees of local control is
Authoritarianism
Republic
Unitary
Federalism
58
most noticeable geographic trend in the last 30 yrs regarding the world's most populated cities
Most of the top 20 cities are in Africa
larger percentage of top 20 cities are in Europe
Most of the top 20 cities are in LDCs
most of top 20 cities are in MDCs
59
Edge cities typically grow on the border of large urban centers at points near what factor?
electrical and nuclear power plants
schools and universities
sports and recreation centers
major roads and airports
60
all of the following are reasons govts. would make policies to restrict immigration EXCEPT
they perceive immigrants as a threat to culture
they fear immigrants will bring new diseases
they don't want immigrants to take already limited jobs
immigrants may force countries to experience brain drain
61
Who developed Central Place Theory?
Walter Christaller
Ernest Burgess
August Losch
Walt Rostow
62
Which is true of Rostow's take-off model of economic growth?
External demand for raw material drives growth in Stage 4
Countries in Stage 5 experience deindustrialization
Foreign investment is required for growth in Stage 2
Globalization will slow down growth of developing countries
63
Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country?
Gross National Income
Life expectancy
all of the above
Literacy Rates
64
Permanent members of the United Nation's Security Council include all of the following EXCEPT
Japan
United Kingdom
China
Russia
65
It is agreed that the current trend in voluntary migration is caused by
political instability in the neighboring countries
educational opportunities available on the internet
chain migration over international borders
increasing economic opportunities in urban areas