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Evolution and Ecology Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Evolution and Ecology Final Review
Evolution and Ecology Final Review
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Questions
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Answers
1
In this food/energy pyramid, which organism is a secondary consumer?
Frog
Eagle
Snake
Grasshopper
2
In this food chain, what is the primary producer?
Arrows
Rabbit
Fox
Grass
3
Biotic or Abiotic?
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
4
What would happen in this food chain if the grass disappeared?
The number of foxes would increase
The number of rabbits would increase
The number of grass would increase
The number or rabbits would decrease
5
Interspecies Competition
Between members of different species
Between members of the same species
6
What is one way food chains and energy pyramids are similar?
both are triangles
both show the energy available decreasing as you go up
both show how energy moves through an ecosystem
7
If the first trophic level has 700 units of energy, how much energy would there be on the secondary consumer level?
700
0.7
70
7
8
Analogous structures share
Similar function and structure
Heterozygous structures
Similar structure but different function
Similar function but different structure
9
Convergent evolution is ...
splitting of an ancestral group into two different species
also known as adaptive radiation
independent development of similar features in diff species
responsible for the development of analogous structures
10
What is the key difference between parasitism and predation?
Parasites don't always hurt their hosts
A predator may not catch its prey but a parasite always does
A parasite doesn't actually kill it's host
Predation=short term relationship, parasitism=long term
11
homologous structure
similar structure, but not similar function
logical conclusion of events
organisms that have parasites
metaphor
12
Divergent evolution
occurs when one species becomes two
all of these
is demonstrated in dolphins and sharks
when different species evolve a similar form
13
Biotic or Abiotic?
ABIOTIC
BIOTIC
14
In this food chain, enery flow is indicated by the.....
Arrows
Rabbit
Fox
Grass
15
In this food pyramid, how many trophic levels are there?
2
4
3
1
16
What provides the original energy for the food chain?
orange juice
animals
moon
sun
17
Intraspecific Competition
Organisms of the same species compete for resources
Organisms of different species compete for resources.
18
In this food chain, what is the primary consumer?
Grass
Fox
Arrows
Rabbit
19
What is predation?
One organism feeds on or eats another living organism
Native animals eating feral animals
Basic hunting skills
Organisms feed on or eats dead organisms
20
What trophic level has the most biomass?
primary producers
secondary consumers
primary consumers
tertiary consumers
21
In this picture, the grasshopper could also be called...
An omnivore
An autotroph
A herbivore
A carnivore
22
Finches on the gallapogos islands show what kind of evolution
Tangent
Divergent
Convergent
Equtorial
23
What is the "10% rule" for energy pyramids?
About 10% of energy available at one level is available at the next level.
Total biomass decreases by about 10% at each successive level.
Total biomass increases by about 10% at each successive level.
The number of organisms decreases by about 10% at each successive level.
24
Using the cladogram below, which organisms are most closely related?
sharks & amphibians
amphibians & rodents
primates & rodents
fish & birds
25
ecological community
All the different species in the same area at one time
A population of the same species in the same area at one time.
The same species in different areas at one time.
Different species in different areas at one time
26
In this food pyramid, what trophic level are the grasshoppers on?
4
2
3
1
27
Which characteristic is
NOT
inherited? (It is acquired)
Tattoos
Hair color
Dimples
Widow's Peak
28
What is Paracitism?
One organism benefits while the other is hurt.
Both animals Benefit.
One animal benefits, the other is not effected.
Both animals are harmed.
29
In natural selection, humans select the variations of traits to be passed down to offspring.
true
false
30
What do the arrows in this food chain represent?
oxygen flow
flow of energy
flow of water
carbon dioxide flow
31
What would happen in this food chain if the rabbits increased in numbers?
The number of foxes would increase
The number or foxes would decrease
The amount of grass would increase
The number or rabbits would decrease
32
How do you "win" at natural selection?
survive
survive & reproduce
go extinct
33
What trophic level has the most energy?
tertiary consumers
secondary consumers
primary consumers
primary producers
34
Lemark came up with the concept of Acquired Characteristic. Which is true about Acquired Characteristics?
Develops after birth
comes from an experience, such as an accident
all of the above
can be a learned skill, such as reading
35
Convergent evolution
the same species evolves different traits
Evolution that happens rapidly
When unrelated species evolve similar traits.
36
Is a rock a biotic or abiotic factor?
Biotic
Abiotic
37
Analogous structures are examples of...
convergent evolution
divergent evolution
parallel evolution
coevolution
38
A decrease in prey numbers causes _________________ in predator numbers according to predator-prey dynamics.
No change
A delayed decrease response
A delayed increase
An instant response
39
Is a fish a biotic or abiotic factor?
Abiotic
Biotic
40
Biotic or Abiotic?
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
41
Based on the info in the cladogram below, which trait would be observed in ray-finned fish?
amniotic egg
hair
four limbs
bony skeleton
42
Two or more overlapping food chains form a(n)
double chain
food web
food map
consumer tree
43
In Mutualism, the host...
is helped
is harmed
dies
is neither helped nor harmed
44
Homologous structures indicate:
No relationship
All of these
The exact age of a fossil
Recent common ancestry
45
Biotic or Abiotic?
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
46
Biotic or Abiotic?
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
47
A food web can be considered...
An basic way of describing how energy flows in an ecosystem
A way to understand what humans need to eat to stay healthy
A complex representation of an ecosystem
A simple representation of an ecosystem
48
Niche partitioning
maximum number environment can support
Where an organism lives
Non living factor
sharing resources in the same environment
49
In this food chain, what is the secondary consumer?
Grass
Fox
Rabbit
Arrows
50
What are trophic levels?
water that flows over soil into streams
set of cross-connecting food chains/food pyramid
nutrient enrichment of an aquatic ecosystem
position of an organism in a food chain/food pyramid
51
Which organism from the cladogram does not have a vertebral column?
Lancelet
Leopard
Lamprey
Tuna
52
What is commensialism?
One benefits while other isn't harmed
One benefits while other is harmed
One benefits while other dies
both benefit
53
Analogous structures ______ evidence of shared recent ancestors
positively show
do not show
absolutly show
show
54
The eagle should be considered a
Primary Producer
Primary consumer
Quatinary consumer
Sceondary consumer
55
Darwin's first observations of natural selections involved:
jaguars
moths
birds
fossils
56
Which is an example of Geographic Isolation?
A large, impassible desert
Mating at different times of the year
Getting food from different parts of a tree
Only mate with males that do a specific dance
57
Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three types of
prey adaptations
competition
symbiotic relationships
predation
58
TRUE or FALSE: Natural selection will still occur if each individual has the same exact traits
FALSE
TRUE
59
What is a biological community and all of the abiotic factors that affect it called?
Ecosystem
Biosphere
Population
Biome
60
Biotic or Abiotic?
ABIOTIC
BIOTIC
61
Which of the following is NOT a type of niche partitioning.
Spatial niche partitioning
Niche partitioning by resource height
Dietary niche partitioning
Niche partitioning by resource flavor
