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Chapter 1: Science and the Environment Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 1: Science and the Environment
Chapter 1: Science and the Environment
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A review of Chapter 1 (Science and the Environment) to prepare students for their upcoming test.
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which of the following is studied in environmental science?
all of these
interactions between living organisms and their environment
impacts of humans on the environment
interactions between organisms
2
Which of the following situations best describes the use of a renewable resource?
mining copper
filling a car with gasoline
burning coal in a power plant
building wooden furniture
3
Society shifted to fossil fuels
agricultural revolution
industrial revolution
hunter-gatherer
4
The _____________ was not a direct result of the Industrial Revolution.
improvements in quality of life
shift to the use of fossil fuels
overhunting of large animals
growth of cities
5
What branch of science is focused on the environmental effects of human activities?
environmental science
chemistry
ecology
physics
6
Listing both merits and expenses involved in solving an environmental problem is called
market equilibrium
risk assessment
cost-benefit analysis
ecological footprint
7
All are contributors to the field of environmental science except
chemistry and physics
linguistics
social sciences
biology and earth science
8
What branch of science is focused on the interactions between organisms and the environment?
chemistry
ecology
physics
environmental science
9
The scope of Environmental Science that gives value to human life is referred to as:
biocentrism
anthropocentrism
ecocentrism
10
Which of the following human activities affect the environment?
resource depletion
all of these
pollution
loss of biodiversity
11
According to the law of supply and demand, reduced copper production leads to
lower demand for copper
lower copper prices
higher prices for copper
exploration of new metal sources
12
Environmental science studies which types of interactions between humans and the environment?
how humans use natural resources
all of these
how human beings relate to the nonliving environment
how human actions alter the environment
13
Which of the following is an example of a nonrenewable resource?
fossil fuels
metals
salts
all of these
14
In which country is the average citizen using the greatest amount of natural resources?
Egypt
Peru
United States
China
15
Characterized by high personal wealth, and high levels of consumption
developed country
developing country
16
The "Tragedy of Commons" addresses conflicts associated with what environmental challenge?
preserving biodiversity
preventing pollution
curbing overpopulation
protecting shared resources
17
All of the following disciplines are major contributors to the field of environmental science except:
chemistry & physics
social sciences
biology & earth science
linguistics & physics
18
Characterized by high population growth rate, extreme poverty
developing country
developed country
19
True or False: Species are lost to extinction due to humans destroying the environment.
True
False
20
In environmental science, the law of supply and demand describes the
worth of nonrenewable resources
relationship between the availability and worth of resources
availability of abundant resources
reduced demand resulting from lack of available resources
21
True or False: Biodiversity refers to the number and variety of species in an area.
False
True
22
Why is the world's loss of biodiversity a source of concern?
Humans depend on other organisms for food and oxygen.
Species extinctions have been rare throughout history.
It's not a concern because extinctions are common.
Two of these
23
Compared to developed nations, individuals in developing nations typically have a
larger ecological footprint
greater dependence on fossil fuels
higher standard of living
shorter life span
24
An undesired change in air, water, or soil
pollution
resource depletion
ecology
"Tragedy of the Commons"
25
Which of the following lists contains the names of developed countries?
Brazil, Sudan, Namibia
Ecuador, Zaire, Colombia
Algeria, Guatemala, India
France, Canada, New Zealand
26
The scope of Environmental Science that values the well being of entire ecosystems is referred to as
biocentrism
anthropocentrism
ecocentrism
27
Which of the following are examples of renewable resources?
sunlight and forests
oil and natural gas
natural gas and metal
coal and oil
28
Humans live n tribes, using fires to maintain the prairie.
industrial revolution
agricultural revolution
hunter-gatherer
29
What is the term for the introduction of harmful levels of chemicals into the environment?
extinction
biodiversity
pollution
sustainability
30
Describes conflicts associated with sharing resources.
"Tragedy of the Commons"
ecology
resource depletion
pollution
31
Achieving a sustainable world is a goal that will depend on
two of these
cooperation between governments, industry, and citizens
a high standard of living in developing countries
responsible consumption by developed countries
32
What is the term for harmful material that can't be broken down by natural processes?
resource depletion
nonbiodegradable pollutant
biodegradable pollutant
extinction
33
Because Environmental science encompasses so many different fields of study, it is said to be a(n) _______________
ecological
interdisciplinary
social
human
34
Humans benefit from the environment, but we are not a part of it.
False
True
35
True or False: Earth is a closed system because only the sun's energy enters and heat leaves.
True
False
36
Natural material formed at a much slower rate than it is depleted
nonrenewable resource
renewable resource
37
Using resources in such a way that there will be enough for future generations is called
biodiversity
sustainability
ecology
pollution
38
True or False: Extinction occurs when the last member of a species dies.
False
True
39
During the agricultural revolution,
human populations decreased due to disease.
hunters decimated wild populations
fossil fuel increased.
plants and animals were domesticated.
40
To survive hunter-gatherers changed their environment by
burning prairies to prevent trees from growing.
all of the above
spreading plants to areas beyond where they orginally grew.
overhunting animals
41
Plants and animals were domesticated, human populations grew
agricultural revolution
hunter-gatherer
industrial revolution
42
Scientists generate models to help us understand systems and how disturbances occur.
False
True
43
Which was
not
a result of the Industrial Revolution?
loss of natural environment
over hunting of large mammals
increase in quality of living
increased pollution
44
Population growth in the 20th century accelerated which environmental stress(es)?
habitat destruction
all of these
resource depletion
pollution
45
Most of today's environmental problems began during which period in human history?
none of these
Industrial Revolution
hunter-gatherer period
Agricultural Revolution
46
Rate of resource use depletes resources and creates pollution and wastes
"Tragedy of the Commons"
ecology
pollution
resource depletion
47
Which period in human history occurred prior to the others listed below
agricultural revolution
hunter-gatherer
industrial revolution
48
The study of living things and their interaction with their nonliving environment
botany
biology
ecology
zoology
49
In which country is the population likely to be increasing most rapidly?
Kenya
Australia
Norway
Germany
50
The scope of Environmental Science that gives value to human and non-human life is referred to as:
ecocentrism
anthropocentrism
biocentrism
